Clinical implications of molecular drug resistance testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a 2023 TBnet/RESIST-TB consensus statement.

Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a substantial health-care concern worldwide. Despite culture-based methods being considered the gold standard for drug susceptibility testing, molecular methods provide rapid information about the Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutations associated with resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs. This consensus document was developed on the basis of a comprehensive literature search, by the TBnet and RESIST-TB networks, about reporting standards for the clinical use of molecular drug susceptibility testing.

"Intervention Program Based on Self": A Proposal for Improving the Addiction Prevention Program "Unplugged" through Self-Concept.

The "Intervention Program based on Self" (IPSELF) project was created to address the gap between the acquisition of life skills during prevention programs and their application with a session for developing one's self-concept included in the European program "Unplugged". The present study evaluated its effectiveness. A total of 157 middle school students (94 girls, 63 boys, = 12.

atpE Mutation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Not Always Predictive of Bedaquiline Treatment Failure.

We report the emergence of an atpE mutation in a clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain. Genotypic and phenotypic bedaquiline susceptibility testing displayed variable results over time and ultimately were not predictive of treatment outcome. This observation highlights the limits of current genotypic and phenotypic methods for detection of bedaquiline resistance.

Lockdown Impact on Stress, Coping Strategies, and Substance Use in Teenagers.

Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the French government took many measures, the most notable of which was a national lockdown on 17 March 2020. Its effects have been widely studied, but to our knowledge, no study has sought to determine how adolescents have adapted to cope with this situation. The present study set out to explore teenagers' stress levels, coping strategies, and substance use during this period.

A Comprehensive Evaluation of GeneLEAD VIII DNA Platform Combined to Deeplex Myc-TB Assay to Detect in 8 Days Drug Resistance to 13 Antituberculous Drugs and Transmission of Complex Directly From Clinical Samples.

The GeneLEAD VIII (Diagenode, Belgium) is a new, fully automated, sample-to-result precision instrument for the extraction of DNA and PCR detection of complex (MTBC) directly from clinical samples. The Deeplex Myc-TB assay (Genoscreen, France) is a diagnostic kit based on the deep sequencing of a 24-plexed amplicon mix allowing simultaneously the detection of resistance to 13 antituberculous (antiTB) drugs and the determination of spoligotype. We evaluated the performance of a strategy combining the both mentioned tools to detect directly from clinical samples, in 8 days, MTBC and its resistance to 13 antiTB drugs, and identify potential transmission of strains from patient-to-patient.

Case Report: Acquired Disseminated BCG in the Context of a Delayed Immune Reconstitution After Hematological Malignancy.

Context: Disseminated infections due to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) are unusual and occur mostly in patients with inborn error of immunity (IEI) or acquired immunodeficiency. However, cases of secondary BCGosis due to intravesical BCG instillation have been described. Herein, we present a case of severe BCGosis occurring in an unusual situation.

Rapid Molecular Diagnosis of Tuberculosis and Its Resistance to Rifampicin and Isoniazid with Automated MDR/MTB ELITe MGB Assay.

The MDR/MTB ELITe MGB kit (ELITech) carried on the ELITe InGenius platform is a new real-time PCR assay allowing automated extraction and detection of DNA of the complex (MTB) and mutations in the and genes and promoter region (pro-) associated to resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid, the two markers of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR). We assessed the performances of the test on a collection of strains ( = 54) and a set of clinical samples ( = 242) from routine practice, comparatively to TB diagnosis and genotypic drug susceptibility testing (gDST) as references. Regarding the 242 clinical samples, the sensitivity and specificity of MTB detection by ELITe were 90.

The Diversity of Lipopolysaccharide (O) and Capsular Polysaccharide (K) Antigens of Invasive in a Multi-Country Collection.

is a common cause of sepsis and is particularly associated with healthcare-associated infections. New strategies are needed to prevent or treat infections due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant . The goal of this study was to determine the diversity and distribution of O (lipopolysaccharide) and K (capsular polysaccharide) antigens on a large (>500) global collection of strains isolated from blood to inform vaccine development efforts.

Genomic characterization of 16S rRNA methyltransferase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from the Parisian area, France.

Background: The resistance to all aminoglycosides (AGs) conferred by 16S rRNA methyltransferase enzymes (16S-RMTases) is a major public health concern.

Objectives: To characterize the resistance genotype, its genetic environment and plasmid support, and the phylogenetic relatedness of 16S-RMTase-producing Escherichia coli from France.

Methods: We screened 137 E.

Rational Choice of Antibiotics and Media for Complex Drug Susceptibility Testing.

The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommends the use of Mueller Hinton (MH) medium to perform drug susceptibility testing (DST) of complex (MAC) using the microdilution method. For MAC, there has been no study on the impact of media on the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antibiotics other than clarithromycin. This study aimed at determining the impact of two media used for DST of MAC and at augmenting the number of pertinent MICs for MAC species encountered in clinical practice.

Use of Andromas and Bruker MALDI-TOF MS in the identification of Neisseria.

Through the past decade, MALDI-TOF MS has been recognized as a fast and robust tool for identification of most bacteria in clinical microbiology. However, the accuracy of this method to identify Neisseria species is still debated, and few data are available about commensal Neisseria species identification. In this study, we assessed two MALDI-TOF MS systems (Bruker Biotyper and Andromas) for the identification of 88, 18, and 29 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, and commensal Neisseria species, respectively.

Below-knee arterial calcification in type 2 diabetes: association with receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand, osteoprotegerin, and neuropathy.

Context: Calcification of the arterial wall in diabetes contributes to the arterial occlusive process occurring below the knee. The osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) system is suspected to be involved in the calcification process.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is a link between arterial calcification in type 2 diabetes and 1) conventional cardiovascular risk factors, 2) serum RANKL and OPG levels, and 3) neuropathy.