Evaluating stratified T-SPOT.TB results for diagnostic accuracy in tuberculosis disease: a retrospective cohort study with sensitivities, specificities, and predictive values.

Objectives: To investigate the association between quantitative T-SPOT.TB values and the risk of incident and prevalent tuberculosis disease (TBD), identify risk factors, and evaluate test accuracy.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study followed patients tested consecutively with T-SPOT.

Mortality Rate and Cause of Death in Adults with Extrapulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infection, Denmark.

Evidence on mortality rates and causes of death associated with extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is limited. This nationwide register-based study in Denmark used diagnostic codes to match adult patients with extrapulmonary NTM infection 1:4 to controls. During 2000–2017, we identified 485 patients, who had significantly more comorbidities than controls.

The role of whole genome sequencing in identifying occupational tuberculosis among healthcare workers: two case reports.

In this case report, we present case reports for two nurses, both working in departments of respiratory medicine, who developed tuberculosis (TB). For each individual case, whole genome sequencing (WGS) revealed only one specific match within a genomic distance of <6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. The subsequent epidemiological investigations confirmed that both nurses had relevant exposures to their corresponding match 1139 and 1704 days before presenting with TB symptoms, respectively.

[Not Available].

This review focuses on the treatment of nontuberculous pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium avium complex and M. abscessus. It covers treatment indications, antibiotic choice, resistance and side effects.

Prevalence estimates of tuberculosis infection in adults in Denmark: a retrospective nationwide register-based cross-sectional study, 2010 to 2018.

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) elimination requires identifying and treating persons with TB infection (TBI).AimWe estimate the prevalence of positive interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) tests (including TB) and TBI (excluding TB) in Denmark based on TBI screening data from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or inflammatory rheumatic disease (IRD).MethodsUsing nationwide Danish registries, we included all patients with IBD or IRD with an IGRA test performed between 2010 and 2018.

Nationwide Increasing Incidence of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Diseases Among Adults in Denmark: Eighteen Years of Follow-Up.

Background: The epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections is not well described. In this study, we sought to determine the incidence and prevalence of NTM infections and focus on social risk factors. In addition, we describe people with pulmonary and extrapulmonary NTM.

Lung abscess: an update on the current knowledge and call for future investigations.

Purpose Of Review: Lung abscess is a severe and complex respiratory infection. The purpose of this review is to discuss recent publications on lung abscess, covering topics such as epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment and prevention.

Recent Findings: Risk factors associated with lung abscess include structural lung disease, poor dental hygiene, and ventilator-associated pneumonia, while concerns are now raised regarding the potential of electronic cigarettes use as a risk factor.

complex pulmonary disease patients with limited treatment options.

https://bit.ly/3QwLQ8T.

Pulmonary infection treated in combination with inhaled tigecycline.

Pulmonary disease caused by is difficult to treat, as there is currently no reliable evidence-based treatment. Treatment is long, complex and has many side effects. In this case, we report a patient with treatment-refractory pulmonary disease, treated with inhaled tigecycline.

Lung abscess: Clinical characteristics of 222 Danish patients diagnosed from 2016 to 2021.

Introduction: Lung abscess (LA) is a serious respiratory infection often followed by several weeks of antibiotic treatment. This study described the clinical presentation of LA, treatment duration and mortality in a contemporary Danish population.

Methods: In a retrospective multicenter cohort study at four Danish hospitals, patients diagnosed with LA were identified using the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th revision (ICD-10) between 2016 and 2021.

Disseminated infection in a patient with a history of sarcoidosis.

We present a case of infection in a man in his 60s with a history of sarcoidosis, treated for 24 years with systemic corticosteroids and later methotrexate as monotherapy. He presented with low grade fever, dyspnoea and right-sided thoracic pain and was admitted due to a treatment-refractory infection. After a prolonged period of symptoms and diagnostics, acid-fast bacilli were demonstrated in pleural fluid and PCR revealed The patient was treated with intravenous amikacin, peroral azithromycin, rifampicin and ethambutol for a total of 18 months, with a good clinical and radiological treatment response.

Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in a Danish region between 2011 and 2021: evaluation of trends in diagnostic codes.

Introduction: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are emerging as human pathogens at increasing rates. In Denmark, few studies of NTM exist, but these have not been able to confirm an increasing trend. Existing studies have not utilised clinical data or investigated geographical variations.

Twelve-month follow-up after hospitalization for SARS-COV-2: Physiology improves, symptoms remain.

Objectives: Persistent symptoms on short-term follow-up after infection with COVID-19 are common, but long-term consequences have been insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to characterize pulmonary function and ongoing symptoms 12 months after hospitalization with COVID-19.

Methods: This prospective multicenter study included 222 patients hospitalized with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 in the Central Denmark Region.

Global trends of pulmonary infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria: a systematic review.

Objectives: To describe the global trends of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection and disease.

Methods: A systematic review of studies including culture-based NTM data over time. Studies reporting on pulmonary NTM infection and/or disease were included.

TB-related deaths among adults in Guinea-Bissau.

In an urban demographic, high TB burden surveillance site in Guinea-Bissau, most deaths occur at home, and information on cause of death (CoD) is lacking. To examine CoD and the proportion of TB deaths in three groups: among patients examined for TB without a verified diagnosis after diagnostic workup, described as "assumed TB-negative" (aTBneg), among patients with a confirmed diagnosis of TB and in a sample of the background population. Verbal autopsies (VAs) were obtained for registered deaths occurring between 1 January 2010 and 15 June 2016.

The cascade of care in tuberculosis infection screening and management in newly arrived refugees in Aarhus, Denmark.

Background: Screening for tuberculosis (TB) disease and infection is often a part of health screening programs offered to refugees, but the yield of screening varies and losses along the steps from screening to treatment completion was reported.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed investigating a newly arrived refugee population offered a systematic refugee health assessment in Aarhus, Denmark. Data was collected on screening, referral, diagnosis and treatment for TB disease and infection.

Fatigue Is a Major Symptom at COVID-19 Hospitalization Follow-Up.

Persistent symptoms after hospitalization with COVID-19 are common, but the frequency and severity of these symptoms are insufficiently understood. We aimed to describe symptoms and pulmonary function after hospitalization with COVID-19. Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Central Denmark Region were invited for follow-up 3 months after discharge.

A cohort study of the long-term outcome of latent tuberculosis infection among socially marginalized people in a low-incidence country.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) prevalence is high among socially marginalized citizens in Denmark, and management of latent TB infection (LTBI) may be part of preventing new cases. Patients with LTBI are offered either preventive treatment (TPT) or follow-up chest x-rays, but knowledge about the long-term outcome in terms of active TB is sparse.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study investigating the long-term outcomes for socially marginalized citizens who were diagnosed with LTBI or who had a positive interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) but were lost to follow-up.

[Bacterial lung abscesses].

A lung abscess is a necrotising infection leading to loss of healthy lung tissue. It develops over several weeks, and the typical presentation includes cough, fever, and general deterioration. The clinical work-up includes contrast-enhanced CT-scans, and frequently flexible bronchoscopy with broncho-alveolar lavage as described in this review.

High yield from repeated testing for tuberculosis among high-risk citizens in Denmark.

Background: Screening for TB (tuberculosis) among socially marginalized citizens has been implemented in many urban areas in countries with a low incidence of TB, including Denmark. This study aims to describe the findings of the screening programs for TB and latent tuberculosis (LTBI) used in the western part of Denmark in the period 2014-2019.

Methods: Data was collected retrospectively on test results from interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA), spot sputum tests and chest X-rays performed as part of TB and LTBI screening among 1024 socially marginalized citizens in urban areas of western Denmark in 2014-2019.

Lack of awareness towards smoking-related health risks, symptoms related to COPD, and attitudinal factors concerning smoking: an Internet-based survey conducted in a random sample of the Danish general population.

: Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, several studies have shown little awareness of COPD in the general population. The awareness of COPD in the Scandinavian countries is, however, sparsely investigated. : The aim of this study was to explore the awareness in the general Danish population of smoking-related health risks and symptoms related to COPD and attitudinal factors concerning smoking.