Development and validation of a short version of the quality of life-DSD questionnaire for parents of young children with conditions affecting sex development.

Background: There is a paucity of information on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in parents and children with conditions affecting sex development. The objective of this study was to develop short forms of HRQoL questionnaires which consist of a 63-item and 25-item parent self-report (PSR) and parent proxy-report (PPR), respectively, optimizing use in routine clinical settings.

Methods: Short questionnaires were developed following exploratory factor analysis using raw data from 132 parents.

Gonadal Function in Boys with Bilateral Undescended Testes.

Background: Bilateral undescended testes (BUDT) may be a marker of an underlying condition that affects sex development or maturation.

Aims: To describe the extent of gonadal dysfunction in cases of BUDT who had systematic endocrine and genetic evaluation at a single tertiary pediatric center.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all boys with BUDT who had endocrine evaluation between 2008 and 2021 at the Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow (RHCG).

The prognostic value of clinical frailty and American Society of Anesthesiology score in patients with chronic limb threatening ischaemia.

Frailty is a complex multisystem syndrome associated with increased comorbidity and decreased physiological reserve. There are associations between frailty and adverse outcome in surgical patients. Chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) is increasingly prevalent, with a typically frail patient population.

Predicting necrotising soft tissue infections in people who inject drugs: poor performance of the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis score and development of a novel clinical predictive nomogram in a retrospective cohort with internal validation.

Introduction: Necrotising soft tissue infections (NSTI) can threaten life and limb. Early identification and urgent surgical debridement are key for improved outcomes. NSTI can be insidious.

Vascular dysfunction and increased cardiovascular risk in hypospadias.

Aims: Hypogonadism is associated with cardiovascular disease. However, the cardiovascular impact of hypogonadism during development is unknown. Using hypospadias as a surrogate of hypogonadism, we investigated whether hypospadias is associated with vascular dysfunction and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

A risk-adjusted and anatomically stratified cohort comparison study of open surgery, endovascular techniques and medical management for juxtarenal aortic aneurysms-the UK COMPlex AneurySm Study (UK-COMPASS): a study protocol.

Introduction: In one-third of all abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), the aneurysm neck is short (juxtarenal) or shows other adverse anatomical features rendering operations more complex, hazardous and expensive. Surgical options include open surgical repair and endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) techniques including fenestrated EVAR, EVAR with adjuncts (chimneys/endoanchors) and off-label standard EVAR. The aim of the UK COMPlex AneurySm Study (UK-COMPASS) is to answer the research question identified by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment (NIHR HTA) Programme: 'What is the clinical and cost-effectiveness of strategies for the management of juxtarenal AAA, including fenestrated endovascular repair?'

Methods And Analysis: UK-COMPASS is a cohort study comparing clinical and cost-effectiveness of different strategies used to manage complex AAAs with stratification of physiological fitness and anatomical complexity, with statistical correction for baseline risk and indication biases.

Giant Carotid Artery Aneurysm.

Carotid artery aneurysms account for 4% of peripheral aneurysms and may present as a neck mass, with hemispheric ischaemic symptoms, or with symptoms secondary to local compression. This case explores the presentation, investigations and management of a presumed mycotic common carotid artery aneurysm in a 77-year-old male, which was repaired using end-to-end interposition vein graft using long saphenous vein. This report discusses the aetiology, presentation and surgical management for carotid artery aneurysms, as well as focusing on that of the rare mycotic carotid artery aneurysm.

Mid-term follow-up of percutaneous access for standard and complex EVAR using the ProGlide device.

Objectives: Endovascular Aneurysm Repair is an established treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm which requires arterial access via the groin. Most centres perform percutaneous ultrasound-guided access into the common femoral artery for delivery of the stent graft. The profile of endovascular devices necessitates large sheath sizes, therefore formal closure of the arterial puncture site is required.

PUVs are more common in boys with hypospadias.

Introduction: The association between posterior urethral valves (PUVs) and hypospadias has previously been reported in case reports. After the identification of this twin pathology in a number of patients, a national retrospective review of all patients with this dual diagnosis was performed.

Patients And Methods: All patients were identified in each centre from surgical databases of prospectively collated information on all surgical procedures.

Association Between Extra-Genital Congenital Anomalies and Hypospadias Outcome.

Extra-genital congenital anomalies are often present in cases of hypospadias, but it is unclear whether they have an association with the outcome of hypospadias surgery. The aim of this study was to review all hypospadias cases that had surgery between 2009 and 2015 at a single centre and identify clinical determinants of the surgical outcome. An extra-genital congenital anomaly was reported in 139 (22%) boys and 62 (10%) had more than 1 anomaly.

Clinical audit research and evaluation of motor neuron disease (CARE-MND): a national electronic platform for prospective, longitudinal monitoring of MND in Scotland.

: Launched in 1989, the Scottish Motor Neuron Disease Register (SMNDR) has provided a resource for prospective clinical data collection. However, in 2015 we aimed to evolve a system to allow: i) A patient-centered approach to care based on recognized standards, ii) Harmonized data sharing between Scottish health professionals in "real-time", iii) Regular audit of care to facilitate timely improvements in service delivery, and iv) Patient participation in a diverse range of observational and interventional research studies including clinical trials. : We developed a standardized national electronic data platform-Clinical Audit Research and Evaluation of MND (CARE-MND) which integrates clinical audit and research data fields.

Shorter anogenital and anoscrotal distances correlate with the severity of hypospadias: A prospective study.

Introduction: Anogenital distance (AGD) is a recognised marker of in utero androgen action.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between severity of hypospadias and AGD.

Study Design: Boys undergoing hypospadias repair in a single tertiary centre between May 2012 and February 16 were included in the study.

'Targeted top down' approach for the investigation of UTI: A 10-year follow-up study in a cohort of 1000 children.

Introduction: Investigations following urinary tract infection (UTI) aim to identify children who are prone to renal scarring, which may be preventable. In 2002, in an attempt to reduce unnecessary intervention, the present institution standardised the investigation of children with a confirmed UTI.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the significance of urological abnormalities on investigations following a UTI in children, prior to the introduction of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines.

Increased occurrence of disorders of sex development, prematurity and intrauterine growth restriction in children with proximal hypospadias associated with undescended testes.

Purpose: Proximal hypospadias represents 20% of hypospadias cases, which are considered to have a higher incidence of associated urological, nonurological, developmental and sexual development disorders, and chromosomal anomalies. We compared associated anomalies in boys with proximal hypospadias and undescended testis with those in boys with proximal hypospadias and descended testes.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 69 boys who underwent 2-stage hypospadias repair for proximal hypospadias at a single institution during the 11-year period of 2001 to 2011.

Immediately postoperative B-type natriuretic peptide and its predictive value.

Background: Major vascular surgery involves a high risk of major cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A method of predicting perioperative myocardial events is required. Preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been evaluated for this purpose.

Bilateral ureteric obstruction secondary to renal papillary necrosis.

A 2-year-old male presented to hospital with a 5-day history of vomiting and pyrexia. He was initially treated with non-steroidal medication as an anti-pyretic. Initial investigations demonstrated a raised urea and creatinine and he was treated with intravenous fluids.

Open versus prone retroperitoneoscopic partial nephrectomy in children: a comparative study.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of open (OPN) and prone retroperitoneoscopic partial nephrectomy (PRPN) in children.

Materials And Methods: The medical and radiological records of all children undergoing OPN and PRPN over a 6-year period (2002-2008) were reviewed.

Results: Thirty-nine (11 boys/28 girls) partial nephrectomies were performed in a single institution.

Endovascular treatment for traumatic popliteal artery pseudoaneurysms after knee arthroplasty.

Trauma to the popliteal artery is a recognized complication of knee arthroplasty (total knee arthroplasty). It can present in a variety of ways, one of which is the development of popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm. We report the successful endovascular management of 2 patients who developed popliteal artery pseudoaneurysms following total knee arthroplasty using covered stent grafts.

Balloon angioplasty as the primary treatment for failing infra-inguinal vein grafts.

Background: We sought to evaluate the role of balloon angioplasty as the primary modality in the management of vein graft stenoses.

Methods: Patients who underwent infrainguinal vein graft bypass from January 2002 to December 2007 were enrolled into a surveillance program. Grafts which developed critical stenoses were identified and underwent urgent angiography with a view to angioplasty of the stenotic lesion.

The value of vein graft surveillance in bypasses performed with small-diameter vein grafts.

We assessed the impact of preoperative diameter of the venous conduit on reintervention rate and outcome following infrainguinal vein graft bypass. Consecutive infrainguinal vein bypasses between January 2001 and December 2006 were reviewed. All patients underwent preoperative measurement of vein graft diameter (VGD).

Fulminant necrotising enterocolitis immediately following change to low birth weight formula feeds.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate how low birth weight formula (LBWF) feeds may be implicated in the pathogenesis of a particularly fulminant form of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective case note review was undertaken of cases of fulminant NEC between 1997 and 2003 with particular regard to the feeding history.

Results: Nine preterm infants were stable and already tolerating full enteral feeds for a median of seven days prior to developing fulminant NEC within a median of 24 hours following the introduction of LBWF.

Endovascular repair of an anastomotic leak following open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

This report describes the case of an early postoperative anastomotic leak following elective open repair of an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm which was successfully treated by endovascular stent-grafting. A 71-year-old man underwent open tube graft repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Twelve days later he presented with a contained leak from the distal anastomosis, which was confirmed on CT scan.