Mania as a dysfunction of reentry: application of Edelman's and Tononi's hypothesis for consciousness in relation to a psychiatric disorder.

The concept of reentry as the most important element in a hypothesis for consciousness proposed by Edelman and Tononi is reviewed. Reentry, is a process of ongoing parallel and recursive signalling between separate neuronal groups along parallel reciprocally fibers that link these groups anatomically. Reentry alters the activity of the target areas it interconnects until a synchronous activity across these areas is created, this may be the direct biological mechanism of consciousness.

A randomized, controlled study to evaluate the steroid sparing effect of essential fatty acid supplementation in the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis.

A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled multicentre clinical trial of 12 weeks' duration was undertaken in 60 dogs with atopic dermatitis to evaluate the steroid sparing effect of essential fatty acid supplementation. The dogs were randomly assigned to receive either a combination of borage seed oil and fish oil or a placebo, in addition to prednisolone tablets. All dogs received a standardized basal diet.

Evaluation of skin erythema by use of chromametry and image analysis of digital photographs after intradermal administration of histamine in dogs.

Objective: To investigate whether the degree of erythema during an induced erythematous reaction, the histamine skin test reaction, can be assessed objectively by use of chromametry and image analysis of digital photographs.

Animals: 9 pet dogs (6 Golden Retrievers and 3 yellow Labrador Retrievers).

Procedure: Histamine phosphate was injected intradermally, and erythema of the wheal reaction was evaluated during the hour that followed.

Use of chromametry and digital photography for objective measurement of skin color in clinically normal dogs.

Objective: To evaluate whether skin erythema in clinically normal dogs can be quantified by use of chromametry and image analysis of digital photographs.

Animals: 9 German Shepherd Dogs and 10 mixed-breed dogs.

Procedure: Hair was clipped at 7 sites on the body.