Liposomal and Nanostructured Lipid Nanoformulations of a Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Birch Bark Extract: Structural Characterization and In Vitro Effects on Melanoma B16-F10 and Walker 256 Tumor Cells Apoptosis.

: Pentacyclic triterpenoids are increasingly studied as anticancer agents with many advantages compared to synthetic chemotherapeutics. The aim of this study was to prepare liposomal and nanostructured lipid formulations including a standardized extract of silver birch () outer bark (TTs) and to evaluate their potential as anticancer agents in vitro, using Melanoma B16-F10 and Walker carcinoma cells. : Appropriate solvents were selected for efficient TTs extraction, and original recipes were used to obtain Pegylated liposomes and nanolipid complexes with entrapped TTs, comparative to pure standards (betulinic acid and doxorubicin) in similar conditions.

Information mismatch in PHH3-assisted mitosis annotation leads to interpretation shifts in H&E slide analysis.

The count of mitotic figures (MFs) observed in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides is an important prognostic marker, as it is a measure for tumor cell proliferation. However, the identification of MFs has a known low inter-rater agreement. In a computer-aided setting, deep learning algorithms can help to mitigate this, but they require large amounts of annotated data for training and validation.

Assessing the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Mangiferin in Murine Model for Myocarditis: Perspectives and Challenges.

Myocarditis is a major cause of heart failure and death, particularly in young individuals. Current treatments are mainly symptomatic, but emerging therapies focus on targeting inflammation and fibrosis pathways. Natural bioactive compounds like flavonoids and phenolic acids show promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Combination of Pentoxifylline and Ginko Biloba Nephroprotective Effect in Animal Models with Vancomycin-Induced Nephrotoxicity.

Antioxidants have been commonly used in medicine for thousands of years. Clinically, pentoxifylline and Ginkgo biloba have beneficial renal effects. Our study evaluated the nephroprotective effect of Gingko biloba in combination with Pentoxifiln in an experimental model of vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Coxofemoral luxation as a complication of localised tetanus in a cat.

Case Summary: A 9-month-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat presented 2 weeks after castration with a 48 h history of acute-onset lateral recumbency and severe hindlimb rigidity. Physical examination findings included hyperthermia, tachypnoea, hindlimb rigidity and a healed orchidectomy site. Neurological examination of the head and forelimbs was normal; however, there was a spastic, non-ambulatory paraparesis of the hindlimbs, which was more severe on the left.

Validity of genus Perostrongylus Schlegel, 1934 with new data on Perostrongylus falciformis (Schlegel, 1933) in European badgers, Meles meles (Linnaeus, 1758): distribution, life-cycle and pathology.

Background: A century of debates on the taxonomy of members of the Metastrongyloidea Molin, 1861 led to many reclassifications. Considering the inconstant genus assignation and lack of genetic data, the main aim of this study was to support the validity of the genus Perostrongylus Schlegel, 1934, previously considered a synonym of Aelurostrongylus Cameron, 1927, based on new molecular phylogenetic data and to understand its evolutionary relationships with other metastrongyloid nematodes.

Results: Specimens of lungworm collected from European badgers in Germany, Romania and Bosnia and Herzegovina were morphologically and molecularly (rDNA, cox1) characterized.

Laser thermal ablation of multidrug-resistant bacteria using functionalized gold nanoparticles.

The issue of multidrug resistance (MDR) has become an increasing threat to public health. One alternative strategy against MDR bacteria would be to construct therapeutic vectors capable of physically damaging these microorganisms. Gold nanoparticles hold great promise for the development of such therapeutic agents, since the nanoparticles exhibit impressive properties, of which the most important is the ability to convert light into heat.

Clinical and pathological effects of Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis in a dog with a natural co-infection.

Canine dirofilarioses are mosquito-borne zoonotic diseases with a continuous expansion of their geographical distribution, as a consequence of different climatic and ecological factors. Dirofilaria immitis, the aetiological agent of heartworm disease, has gained a major veterinary interest, mainly due to its severe clinical implication. In the last decades, D.

Selective in vitro photothermal nano-therapy of MRSA infections mediated by IgG conjugated gold nanoparticles.

There are serious systemic infections associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and several other types of bacteria leading to the deaths of millions of people globally. This type of mortality is generally caused by the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant organisms, a consequence of evolution via natural selection. After the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) by wet chemistry, bio-functionalization with IgG molecules was performed.

Selective ex vivo photothermal nano-therapy of solid liver tumors mediated by albumin conjugated gold nanoparticles.

We have used albumin (BSA) bound to gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as active vectors to target liver cells. Our incentive to develop an original model of living liver cancer sprang from the ethical drawbacks that hindered the assessment of the selective character and the therapeutic capacity of these nano-biosystems in cancer patients. Ex vivo-perfused liver specimens were obtained from hepatocellular carcinoma patients similarly to the surgical technique of transplantation.

Selective Laser Ablation of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus with IgG Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.

Severe infections caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other bacteria are responsible for millions of deaths each year. One of the main objectives of future antibiotic strategies is to develop new anti-infective agents, which would be highly effective and drug-resistant (antimicrobial resistance being currently exhibited by MRSA), using specific antibodies conjugated to thermally active nanomaterials such as NIR-responsive photothermal contrast agents. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) covalently functionalized with immunoglobulin G (IgG, an antagonist of Staphylococcal protein A-SpA, which is a MRSA membrane associated protein) were selectively delivered (at various concentrations and incubation times) into MRSA bacteria.

Photothermal treatment of liver cancer with albumin-conjugated gold nanoparticles initiates Golgi Apparatus-ER dysfunction and caspase-3 apoptotic pathway activation by selective targeting of Gp60 receptor.

We present a method of enhanced laser thermal ablation of HepG2 cells based on a simple gold nanoparticle (GNP) carrier system such as serum albumin (Alb), and demonstrate its selective therapeutic efficacy compared with normal hepatocyte cells. HepG2 or hepatocytes were treated with Alb-GNPs at various concentrations and various incubation times, and further irradiated using a 2 W, 808 nm laser. Darkfield microscopy and immunochemical staining was used to demonstrate the selective internalization of Alb-GNPs inside the HepG2 cells via Gp60 receptors targeting.

Photothermal Treatment of Human Pancreatic Cancer Using PEGylated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Induces Apoptosis by Triggering Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization Mechanism.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal solid tumor in humans, with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Thermally active carbon nanotubes have already brought to light promising results in PC research and treatment. We report here the construct of a nano-biosystem based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules validated through AFM, UV-Vis and DLS.

Surface plasmon resonance-induced photoactivation of gold nanoparticles as mitochondria-targeted therapeutic agents for pancreatic cancer.

Background: Noble metal nanoparticles such as gold nanoparticles can strongly absorb light in the visible region by inducing coherent collective oscillation of conduction band electrons in strong resonance with visible frequencies of light. This phenomenon is frequently termed as surface plasmon resonance (SPR).

Objectives: The main objective was to study the effects of laser photoactivated gold nanoparticles (by means of SPR) on human pancreatic cancer cells.

Selective ex-vivo photothermal ablation of human pancreatic cancer with albumin functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes.

The process of laser-mediated ablation of cancer cells marked with biofunctionalized carbon nanotubes is frequently called "nanophotothermolysis". We herein present a method of selective nanophotothermolisys of pancreatic cancer (PC) using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) functionalized with human serum albumin (HSA). With the purpose of testing the therapeutic value of these nanobioconjugates, we have developed an ex-vivo experimental platform.

Enhanced laser thermal ablation for the in vitro treatment of liver cancer by specific delivery of multiwalled carbon nanotubes functionalized with human serum albumin.

The main goal of this investigation was to develop and test a new method of treatment for human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We present a method of carbon nanotube-enhanced laser thermal ablation of HepG2 cells (human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line) based on a simple multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) carrier system, such as human serum albumin (HSA), and demonstrate its selective therapeutic efficacy compared with normal hepatocyte cells. Both HepG2 cells and hepatocytes were treated with HSA-MWCNTs at various concentrations and at various incubation times and further irradiated using a 2 W, 808 nm laser beam.