Cerebrum-cervical arterial dissection in adults during sports and recreation.

Unlabelled: Dissection of cervical arteries constitutes a medical emergency. Although relatively rarely, activities classified as sports and recreation may be a cause of arterial dissection independently of neck or head trauma. The purpose of the present paper was to present a series of cases of cerebrum-cervical arterial dissection in individuals during or soon after the practice of these sports activities.

Asymmetric cortical degenerative syndromes: an integrated approach to clinical and imaging review.

Background: The term asymmetric cortical degenerative syndromes (ACDSs) refers to any brain afflictions that result in selective atrophy, particularly with an asymmetric pattern. Regardless of the etiology, the resulting compromised profile reflects the affected topography, which correlates with the clinical findings, more than any specific neuropathologic entity.

Review Summary: ACDS can represent a diagnostic challenge, because of an overlap of clinical manifestations, especially in the early stages.

Pyramidal tract degeneration in multiple system atrophy: the relevance of magnetization transfer imaging.

The clinical features of multiple system atrophy (MSA) include four domains: autonomic failure/urinary dysfunction, Parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, and corticospinal tract dysfunction. Although the diagnosis of definite MSA requires pathological confirmation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have been shown to contribute to the diagnosis of MSA. Although pyramidal tract dysfunction is frequent in MSA patients, signs of pyramidal tract involvement are controversially demonstrated by MRI.

Focal transient lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum in three non-epileptic patients.

Introduction: We analyzed the imaging features of transient focal lesions in the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC) in non-epileptic patients receiving antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).

Methods: We identified signal abnormalities in the SCC in three non-epileptic patients, all of them receiving AEDs. We examined two of these patients with multiplanar magnetic resonance (MR) imaging using 1.

Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging sequences with computed tomography to detect low-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage: Role of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence.

Objectives: To compare computed tomography (CT) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the presumptive diagnosis and localization of acute and subacute low-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: We consecutively enrolled 45 patients clinically suspected of low-grade SAH, comparing them with a control group. We obtained axial nonenhanced CT scans as well as fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T2-weighted gradient echo (T2*) MRI sequences at 1.

Comparative analysis of MR sequences to detect structural brain lesions in tuberous sclerosis.

Background: Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is a neurocutaneous genetically inherited disease with variable penetrance characterized by dysplasias and hamartomas affecting multiple organs. MR is the imaging method of choice to demonstrate structural brain lesions in TS.

Objective: To compare MR sequences and determine which is most useful for the demonstration of each type of brain lesion in TS patients.

Optic nerve infiltration by acute lymphoblastic leukemia: MRI contribution.

We describe the clinical presentation and imaging features of a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that was complicated by optic nerve infiltration. The clinical and diagnostic characteristics of this complication must be recognized so that optimal therapy can be started to prevent blindness. MR imaging is useful in early detection and should be performed in any leukemic patient with ocular complaints, even during remission.

Reversal of parkinsonism and portosystemic encephalopathy following embolization of a congenital intrahepatic venous shunt: brain MR imaging and 1H spectroscopic findings.

Parkinsonism and portosystemic encephalopathy (PSE) are cerebral disorders associated with motor and neuropsychological dysfunctions that may occur in patients with chronic liver disease. We describe a patient with parkinsonism and neuroradiologic and 1H spectroscopic findings of PSE associated with a large congenital intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt. Chronic liver disease was absent.

Relationship between the concentration of supplemental oxygen and signal intensity of CSF depicted by fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging.

Background And Purpose: Prior reports have described increased signal intensity (SI) of CSF on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images of anesthetized patients receiving 100% O(2). This appearance can simulate that of diseases. We evaluated the relationship between the concentration of inhaled O(2) and the development of increased SI of CSF on FLAIR images.