The Association of Anti-Sm with Osteopontin Related to Cognitive Impairment in a Pristane-Induced Lupus BALB/c Mice Model.

The BALB/c model of pristane-induced lupus (PIL) exhibits cognitive impairment features resembling neuropsychiatric lupus (NPLSE). Osteopontin (OPN) is associated with disease activity in SLE; however, its involvement in NPLSE is not yet entirely determined. Our study aims to elucidate the contribution of full-length OPN (OPN-FL) plasma expression, OPN N-half, and to cognitive impairment in the PIL mice model.

Bioinformatic Analysis from a Descriptive Profile of miRNAs in Chronic Migraine.

Chronic migraines have been described chiefly only from a clinical perspective. However, searching for reliable molecular markers has allowed for the discovery of the expression of different genes mainly associated with inflammation, neuro-vascularization, and pain-related pathways. The interest in microRNAs (miRs) that can regulate the expression of these genes has gained significant relevance since multiple miRs could play a key role in regulating these events.

Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus along with Metabolic Syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of physiological abnormalities characterized by obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and hypertriglyceridemia, which carry the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Immune and metabolic alterations have been observed in MetS and are associated with autoimmune development. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease caused by a complex interaction of environmental, hormonal, and genetic factors and hyperactivation of immune cells.

Osteopontin: A Bone-Derived Protein Involved in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis Immunopathology.

Osteopontin (OPN) is a bone-derived phosphoglycoprotein related to physiological and pathological mechanisms that nowadays has gained relevance due to its role in the immune system response to chronic degenerative diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). OPN is an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein that plays a critical role in bone remodeling. Therefore, it is an effector molecule that promotes joint and cartilage destruction observed in clinical studies, in vitro assays, and animal models of RA and OA.

The DNA co-vaccination using Sm antigen and IL-10 as prophylactic experimental therapy ameliorates nephritis in a model of lupus induced by pristane.

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies such as anti-Sm. Studies in patients with SLE and murine models of lupus reveal that the most critical anti-Sm autoantibodies are predominantly direct against D1(83-119), D2, and B´/B epitopes.

Objectives: The present study aimed to analyze the induction of antigen-specific tolerance after prophylactic immunization with a DNA vaccine encoding the epitopes: D183-119, D2, B´/B, and B´/BCOOH in co-vaccination with IFN-γ or IL-10 in a murine model of lupus induced by pristane.

Osteopontin: another piece in the systemic lupus erythematosus immunopathology puzzle.

Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphoglycoprotein involved in bone remodelling, wound healing, cell adhesion, tissue remodelling, and immune response that is distributed widely in normal adult tissues. OPN biological activity is regulated by thrombin and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) cleavage, where the full-length (OPN-FL) protein and the cleaved OPN-N are associated with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). OPN overexpression has been associated with a predisposition to SLE and bad prognosis since OPN could mediate a sustained polyclonal B cell activation that besides to intracellular OPN (iOPN) form, promote the T follicular helper (TFH) cells and enhance anti-nuclear antibody production.

Contribution of rs3211938 polymorphism at CD36 to glucose levels, oxidized low-density lipoproteins, insulin resistance, and body mass index in Mexican mestizos with type-2 diabetes from western Mexico.

Background: type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (IR), and abnormal fatty acid metabolism in which the CD36 receptor has been implicated in glucose and lipid dysregulation. Objective: to evaluate the contribution of polymorphism CD36 rs3211938 to metabolic profile in T2DM Mexican mestizos from western Mexico. Methods: we included 115 individuals classified as non-T2DM (NT2DM) adults and T2DM patients.

Presence of anti-TIF-1γ, anti-Ro52, anti-SSA/Ro60 and anti-Su/Ago2 antibodies in breast cancer: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The presence of myositis-specific antibodies (MSA), was recently reported in healthy individuals, cancer patients without myopathy and paraneoplastic rheumatic syndromes. We sought to analyze the frequency of MSA, myositis-associated antibodies (MAA) and autoantibodies related to systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) in breast cancer patients.

Methods: One hundred fifty-two breast cancer patients were enrolled in a cross-sectional study.

In vivo assessment and characterization of lactic acid bacteria with probiotic profile isolated from human milk powder.

Introduction: breast milk (MH) contains nutrients and bioactive compounds for child development, including probiotic bacteria, which contribute to intestinal maturation. This benefit accompanies the individual until adulthood. There are new methods such as spray drying that give this compound a good conservation without loss of microbiota.

In-vivo assessment of the protection of β-glucans of Pleurotus ostreatus against oxidative stress caused by acrylamide intake (part II).

Introduction: in April 2002, the National Food Authority of Sweden published a study in which the presence of a carcinogen was reported for the first time in experimental animals, and was identified as acrylamide. Various studies have shown that the β-glucans of Pleurotus ostreatus have diverse biological properties including antioxidant and anticancer activities. Methods: β-glucans were obtained by alkaline-acid hydrolysis from Pleurotus ostreatus, and their content was characterized by liquid chromatography.

In vivo assessment of the protection conferred by β-glucans from Pleurotus ostreatus against the harmful effects of acrylamide intake (Part I).

Introduction: acrylamide is formed in food through Maillard's reaction during thermal processing, and has been shown to be neurotoxic in humans, and a possible carcinogen. Studies have shown that β-glucans from Pleurotus ostreatus have diverse biological properties such as antioxidant and anticancer activities. Objective: the aim of this work was to evaluate the protective effect of β-glucans from Pleurotus ostreatus against the harmful effects of acrylamide consumption in mice.

Downregulation of hippocampal NR2A/2B subunits related to cognitive impairment in a pristane-induced lupus BALB/c mice.

Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is associated with learning and memory deficit. Murine model of lupus induced by pristane in BALB/c mice is an experimental model that resembles some clinical and immunological SLE pathogenesis. Nevertheless, there is no experimental evidence that relates this model to cognitive dysfunction associated with NR2A/2B relative expression.

Potential Chronotherapeutic Optimization of Antimalarials in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Is Toll-Like Receptor 9 Expression Dependent on the Circadian Cycle in Humans?

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) belongs to the group of endosomal receptors of the innate immune system with the ability to recognize hypomethylated CpG sequences from DNA. There is scarce information about TLR9 expression and its association with the circadian cycle (CC). Different patterns of TLR9 expression are regulated by the CC in mice, with an elevated expression at Zeitgeber time 19 (1:00 a.

Low CD36 and LOX-1 Levels and CD36 Gene Subexpression Are Associated with Metabolic Dysregulation in Older Individuals with Abdominal Obesity.

Background. Obesity study in the context of scavenger receptors has been linked to atherosclerosis. CD36 and LOX-1 are important, since they have been associated with atherogenic and metabolic disease but not fat redistribution.

CCL2 Serum Levels and Adiposity Are Associated with the Polymorphic Phenotypes -2518A on CCL2 and 64ILE on CCR2 in a Mexican Population with Insulin Resistance.

Genetic susceptibility has been described in insulin resistance (IR). Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand-2 (CCL2) is overexpressed in white adipose tissue and is the ligand of C-C motif receptor-2 (CCR2). The CCL2 G-2518A polymorphism is known to regulate gene expression, whereas the physiological effects of the CCR2Val64Ile polymorphism are unknown.

Rapid compensatory changes in the expression of EAAT-3 and GAT-1 transporters during seizures in cells of the CA1 and dentate gyrus.

Background: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder produced by an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, in which transporters of both glutamate and GABA have been implicated. Hence, at different times after local administration of the convulsive drug 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) we analyzed the expression of EAAT-3 and GAT-1 transporter proteins in cells of the CA1 and dentate gyrus.

Methods: Dual immunofluorescence was used to detect the co-localization of transporters and a neuronal marker.

Effect of early glutamate exposure on EAAT-3 and GAT-1 protein expression in cells of the dentate gyrus and CA1 region of the adult rat hippocampus.

Background And Aims: Glutamate and GABA transporters are cell surface proteins localized on neurons and glial cells that mediate the reuptake of glutamate and GABA from the extracellular space. In different models of the acquisition of epilepsy, important changes in the expression of these transporters have been demonstrated, although to date no such studies have been performed using the monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced seizure model in neonatal rats.

Methods: Following repeated MSG administration, we used immunofluorescence techniques to quantify the number of cells expressing the EAAT-3 and GAT-1 transporters at postnatal days (PD) 14 and 60 in the dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 region of the hippocampus.