In vitro assessment of solvent evaporation from commercial adhesive systems compared to experimental systems.

Solvents should be properly evaporated after application to dental substrates. The aim of this study was to assess the evaporation of commercial, experimental and neat solvents. The tested null hypotheses were that there are no differences in solvent evaporation regardless of its formulation and over time.

Prevalence of developmental defects of enamel in children and adolescents with asthma.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of developmental defects of enamel (DDEs) in relation to asthma severity, symptom onset and pharmacological treatment in pediatric asthma patients.

Methods: Children and adolescents (68 asthma patients and 68 controls), 5-15 years of age and residents of the city of Londrina, Brazil, were enrolled in the study. Medical and dental histories were collected through the use of a structured questionnaire.

Antimicrobial effect of propolis and other substances against selected endodontic pathogens.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) and intracanal medicaments calcium hydroxide, camphorated paramonochlorophenol, and formocresol by means of the macrodilution method using the reinforced clostridial medium (RCM) and brucella and brain heart infusion media.

Study Design: The antimicrobial agents were sequentially diluted and tested against anaerobic bacteria Prevotella nigrescens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinomyces israelii, and Clostridium perfringens and against Enterococcus faecalis, with the 5 x 10(5) CFU/mL standardized inocula. The tubes were anaerobically incubated and the minimum inhibitory concentration was detected.

Root canal microbiota of dogs' teeth with periapical lesions induced by two different methods.

Objective: The microbial composition was investigated in root canals of dogs' teeth with periapical lesions induced by 2 different methods: open versus sealed canals.

Study Design: Teeth from Group I (n = 16) were left open for a week, then sealed with composite resin for 120 days. The teeth from Group II (n = 16) were left open for the same period.

Evaluation of pH levels and calcium ion release in various calcium hydroxide endodontic dressings.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Ca(2+) release and pH of 3 calcium hydroxide-based products used routinely as intracanal dressings, as well as the new gutta-percha points with calcium hydroxide.

Study Design: The pH and Ca(2+) release were assessed using Calen with camphorated paramonochlorophenol, saline calcium hydroxide paste, LC paste (Lopes and Costa paste-calcium hydroxide with olive oil), and calcium hydroxide containing gutta-percha points. The materials were inserted in polyethylene tubes and immersed in deionized water.

Activity of endodontic antibacterial agents against selected anaerobic bacteria.

The antimicrobial activity of substances used as antibacterial agents (solutions of 10% calcium hydroxide, camphorated paramonochlorophenol - PMCC, 2% chlorhexidine digluconate and 10% castor oil plant detergent) on anaerobic bacteria (Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586, Prevotella nigrescens ATCC 33563, Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124 and Bacteroidesfragilis ATCC 25285), using a broth dilution technique, was evaluated in vitro. For determination of minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericide concentrations (MIC and MBC), two culture broths, Reinforced Clostridial Medium (RCM) and supplemented Brucella, standardized inoculum and serially diluted solutions were used. All antibacterial agents presented antimicrobial activity that varied for different bacteria.

In vitro effect of intracanal medicaments on strict anaerobes by means of the broth dilution method.

The determination of bacterial susceptibility to intracanal medicaments is a necessity. Nevertheless, few studies utilize the proper methodology to carry out that evaluation with anaerobes. In this study, the steps of a broth dilution method, carried out in microplates (microdilution) and tubes (macrodilution), to test the effect of traditional intracanal medicaments on anaerobic bacteria are described.