The effect of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection on systemic immune responses in individuals with tuberculosis.

Background: The impact of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection on the systemic immune response during tuberculosis (TB) disease has not been explored.

Methods: An observational, cross-sectional cohort was established to evaluate the systemic immune response in persons with pulmonary tuberculosis with or without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Those participants were recruited in an outpatient referral clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Impact of adverse drug reactions on the outcomes of tuberculosis treatment.

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADR) challenge successful anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ATT-associated ADR and related factors on ATT outcomes.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of persons with tuberculosis (TB) at a referral center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2010 to 2016.

Correction: Anemia in tuberculosis cases: A biomarker of severity?

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Anemia in tuberculosis cases: A biomarker of severity?

Introduction: Anemia is a common condition at tuberculosis diagnosis, and there is evidence that its prevalence is higher in patients with tuberculosis than in those infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and healthy controls. Information about anemia during tuberculosis diagnosis is still scarce in the Brazilian population. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of anemia in patients with tuberculosis cared for at a referral center and its association with clinical forms of tuberculosis and other characteristics of these patients.

Impact of Persistent Anemia on Systemic Inflammation and Tuberculosis Outcomes in Persons Living With HIV.

Tuberculosis (TB) is associated with systemic inflammation and anemia, which are aggravated in persons living with HIV (PLWH). Here, we characterized the dynamics of hemoglobin levels in PLWH coinfected with TB undergoing antitubercular therapy (ATT). We also examined the relationships between anemia and systemic inflammatory disturbance as well as the association between persistent anemia and unfavorable clinical outcomes.

Cutaneous tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: description of a series of 75 cases.

Background: Brazil is one of the highest tuberculosis (TB) burden countries of the world. Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is a rare form of extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis. This study aimed to describe the clinico-evolutive, laboratory and therapeutic aspects of CTB cases among patients from a cohort with TB in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Predictors of early mortality and effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in TB-HIV patients from Brazil.

Background: The implementation of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy caused a significant decrease in HIV-associated mortality worldwide. Nevertheless, mortality is still high among people living with HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (TB). ARV-naïve HIV patients coinfected with tuberculosis (TB) have more options to treat both diseases concomitantly.

Daily 800 mg versus 600 mg Efavirenz for HIV Patients Treating Tuberculosis with a Rifampicin-Based Regimen: An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Pharmacokinetics studies recommend increasing efavirenz dosage in tuberculosis/HIV patients using rifampicin. We aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of 600 versus 800 mg of efavirenz in tuberculosis/HIV patients using rifampicin.

Design: We conducted an open label, multicentre, randomized trial from 2006 to 2012.

Tuberculosis-HIV treatment with rifampicin or rifabutin: are the outcomes different?

Background: Rifamycins are a group of antibiotics mainly used in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), however they interact with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Rifabutin allows more regimens options for concomitant imunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment compared to rifampicin.

Objective: Compare the outcomes of TB-HIV co-infected patients who used rifampicin or rifabutin.

Cutaneous tuberculosis and HIV infection at a referral centre in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Background: Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is a rare extrapulmonary form of tuberculosis (TB). Despite the increase in the number of cases of TB and HIV, few cases of CTB have been reported.

Objective: To describe CTB cases among patients with HIV infection from a cohort with tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes and Factors Associated with Each of Them in a Cohort Followed Up between 2010 and 2014.

Tuberculosis treatment has undergone recent changes in Brazil. . To assess whether favorable outcomes on tuberculosis therapy improved in recent years.

Risk factors for increased immune reconstitution in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in tuberculosis HIV-infected, antiretroviral-naïve patients.

Background: Little is known regarding the restoration of the specific immune response after combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and anti-tuberculosis (TB) therapy introduction among TB-HIV patients. In this study, we examined the immune response of TB-HIV patients to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens to evaluate the response dynamics to different antigens over time. Moreover, we also evaluated the influence of two different doses of efavirenz and the factors associated with immune reconstitution.

T Cell Activation and Cytokine Profile of Tuberculosis and HIV-Positive Individuals during Antituberculous Treatment and Efavirenz-Based Regimens.

Introduction: The profile of immune activation markers in tuberculosis and HIV-infected patients is already known. The impact of simultaneous infections on the immune parameters is still not fully explored.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study to estimate trajectories of activated T cell subsets and the profile of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines in a group of HIV-TB individuals, previously naïve for HAART, recruited from a randomized clinical trial during TB treatment and first antiretroviral therapy with efavirenz.

Enteroparasitosis prevalence and parasitism influence in clinical outcomes of tuberculosis patients with or without HIV co-infection in a reference hospital in Rio de Janeiro (2000-2006).

Tuberculosis and intestinal parasites affect primarily low social and economic level populations, living clustered in precarious habitational settings. One of the interesting aspects of this interaction is the parasitism influence in cellular response to tuberculosis. In the present study, we evaluated the prevalence of enteroparasitosis in tuberculosis patients, HIV-infected and non HIV infected, and we observed the influence of helminth presence in the response to tuberculin skin test (TST) and tuberculosis clinical outcomes.

Effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) used concomitantly with rifampicin in patients with tuberculosis and AIDS.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of two HAART regimens concomitant to rifampicin based tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Patients with TB/HIV diagnosis followed at the TB program between June 2000 and March 2005 were prospectively evaluated. The different HAART regimens in antiretrovirals (ARV) treatment naïve and ARV experienced patients were compared.

Influence of HIV infection on mortality in a cohort of patients treated for tuberculosis in the context of wide access to HAART, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Objective: To analyze the influence of HIV serostatus on mortality related to tuberculosis (TB) in the context of wide access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in a middle-income country.

Methods: Prospective cohort study including patients who started antituberculous therapy between April 2000 and July 2005 at a referral center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Results: Two hundred seven patients were enrolled, 106 were seropositive for HIV.