Remission in Crohn's disease is accompanied by alterations in the gut microbiota and mucins production.

Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with Crohn's disease (CD) in remission do not exhibit an improvement in gut microbiota composition, which might trigger relapses. The present study investigated the dysbiosis and mucins production in CD patients during remission. We performed an analytical cross-sectional single center study, which recruited 18 CD patients and 18 healthy controls (CG) residing in the same home, meaning that all of the participants experienced the same environmental factors, with similar hygiene status, diet, pollution and other common lifestyle characteristics that may influence the composition of the gut microbiota.

Bilateral subacute lacrimal gland enlargement mimicking dacryoadenitis in a 7-year-old boy: a rare adverse effect of valproic acid (sodium valproate).

A healthy 7-year-old boy presented with bilateral symmetrical lacrimal gland enlargement; a week later salivary gland enlargement was also noted. Clinical investigations suggested no diagnosis, and surgical biopsy was considered. Valproic acid (sodium valproate), which he was taking for absence seizures, has been reported to cause salivary gland swelling in adults.

Enlarging corneoscleral cyst in a 2-year-old girl.

Cysts rarely develop within the cornea or sclera of children with no previous history of trauma or surgery. Primary corneoscleral cysts may arise from proliferation of anomalously situated epithelial or endothelial cells. We report the case of a 2-year-old girl with a primary enlarging cyst situated at the limbus of her left eye.

Clinical Pearls and Management Recommendations for Strabismus due to Thyroid Orbitopathy.

Thyroid orbitopathy causes a unique form of strabismus with adult-onset diplopia. Prisms can be a temporizing measure, but many patients require strabismus surgery, which can be challenging. In this article, we highlight clinical guidelines for addressing strabismus due to thyroid orbitopathy and review our surgical experience.