Iron incorporation in red blood cells of pediatric sickle cell anemia: a stable isotope pilot investigation.

Background/objectives: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is marked by hypoxia, inflammation, and secondary iron overload (IO), which potentially modulate hepcidin, the pivotal hormone governing iron homeostasis. The aim was to evaluate the iron incorporation in red blood cells (RBC) in SCA pediatric patients, considering the presence or absence of IO.

Subjects/methods: SCA children (n = 12; SCA) ingested an oral stable iron isotope (Fe) and iron incorporation in RBC was measured after 14 days.

Iron absorption in adults with sickle cell anemia: a stable-isotope approach.

Purpose: Iron absorption in sickle cell anemia (SCA) remains unclear and studies in adults with SCA are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the iron absorption SCA adults and its association with iron status and hepcidin concentration.

Methods: SCA patients (n = 13; SCA) and control participants (n = 10) ingested an oral stable iron isotope (Fe).

Adequacy of basal metabolic rate prediction equations in individuals with severe obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The determination of energy requirements in clinical practice is based on basal metabolic rate (BMR), frequently predicted by equations that may not be suitable for individuals with severe obesity. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the accuracy and precision of BMR prediction equations in adults with severe obesity. Four databases were searched in March 2021 and updated in May 2023.

Factors associated with variability in skeletal muscle radiodensity in patients with metastatic cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore factors associated with skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) variability in patients with metastatic cancer.

Methods: This study included 393 patients (median age 61 y, 70% women) who had computed tomography (CT) scans within 30 days of inclusion in the study. SMD was evaluated from CT by averaging the Hounsfield unit value of the total muscle area.

Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D insufficiency in Brazilian children under 5 years of age: Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019).

To analyse the association of socio-demographic and health factors with vitamin D insufficiency and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration in Brazilian children aged 6-59 months. Data from 8145 children from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) were analysed. The serum concentration of 25(OHD)D was measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay.

Human colostrum protein digestion: peptidomics by liquid chromatography-Orbitrap-high-resolution MS and prospection for bioactive peptides via bioinformatics.

Breast milk is known to contain bioactive peptides that are released during digestion, being a major source of bioactive peptides to the new-born, some of which act against invading pathogens. However, the formation of bioactive peptides during digestion of human colostrum remains largely uninvestigated. This study aimed to investigate the formation of peptides during simulated digestion of human colostrum from adult women and to prospect antimicrobial peptides.

Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy reduces postpartum fat mass in adolescents: A randomized trial.

Background: Pregnancy during adolescence may increase the risk of overweight/obesity. There is evidence that increasing calcium intake, alone or vitamin D-combined, may favor loss of weight and/or fat mass.

Objectives: We hypothesized that calcium supplementation during pregnancy reduces excessive fat accumulation during postpartum period.

The association between low skeletal muscle mass and low skeletal muscle radiodensity with functional impairment, systemic inflammation, and reduced survival in patients with incurable cancer.

Background And Aims: Factors associated with the concomitant occurrence of low muscle mass and low muscle radiodensity are unclear. This study investigated whether different skeletal muscle phenotypes are associated with functional impairment, serum inflammatory markers, and survival in patients with incurable cancer.

Methods: Three hundred and twenty-six patients (median age, 60 years; 67.

Genetic, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in Brazilian adults: the Pró-Saúde Study.

This study aims to investigate factors associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration in Brazilian adults considering sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, as well as vitamin D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This is a cross-sectional study (n = 491; 34-79y; 251 women), nested within a prospective cohort (Pró-Saúde Study). Associations between serum 25(OH)D and sociodemographic characteristics, diet, use of supplement, physical activity, season of blood collection, body fat, skin type, sun exposure index, and SNPs CYP2R1-rs10741657 and GC-rs2282679 were explored by multiple linear regression.

Methodological aspects of the micronutrient assessment in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey.

This article aims to present methodological aspects on the collection, analyses, coverage, challenges, and the lessons learned from laboratory assessment of micronutrients on the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). This is a household survey on a probability sample of children under five years of age from 123 Brazilian municipalities in all 26 states and the Federal District. Blood samples were drawn by venipuncture at the homes of children 6 to 59 months of age.

Bioelectrical impedance analysis-derived phase angle is related to risk scores of a first cardiovascular event in adults.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between phase angle (PhA) and first cardiovascular (CV) event risk.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. PhA was determined using a single-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer.

Reproducibility and validity of portable haemoglobinometer for the diagnosis of anaemia in children under the age of 5 years.

Portable haemoglobinometers have been used in order to estimate the prevalence of anaemia in diverse settings. However, few studies have been conducted to evaluate their performance in children of different age groups in distinct epidemiological contexts. To evaluate the reproducibility and reliability of a portable haemoglobinometer for the diagnosis of anaemia in children <5 years Hb was measured in the venous blood of 351 children <5 years by an automated system (standard method) and in three capillary blood samples, using a portable haemoglobinometer (HemoCue; test method).

Protective factors in mature human milk: a look into the proteome and peptidome of adolescent mothers' breast milk.

The characterisation of proteome and peptidome of adolescent mothers' breast milk brings important information to both mother's and infant's health; however, it has not been investigated. Bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins have numerous functions. The bioactivity of breast milk peptides includes anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities and regulation of gastrointestinal function.

Association of body image (dis)satisfaction and perception with food consumption according to the NOVA classification: Pró-Saúde Study.

The literature on body image and food consumption has generally focused on isolated food items, while overlooking the growing role of ultra-processed foods in the overall diet. The objective of this study was to assess the association of body image (dis)satisfaction and perception with food consumption, according to the NOVA classification, which takes into account the extent and purpose of industrial food processing. A silhouette scale developed considering the Brazilian adults' Body Mass Index was used to assess body image (dis)satisfaction and perception.

Food consumption according to degree of processing and sociodemographic characteristics: Estudo Pró-Saúde, Brazil.

Objective: To investigate the food consumption according to the degree of processing and associations with sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of the Estudo Pró-Saúde (Pro-Health Study), with 520 civil servants of university campuses, Rio de Janeiro, 2012-13. A food frequency questionnaire was used to classify food consumption: 1) in natura, minimally processed, food preparations based on these foods; 2) processed foods; 3) ultra-processed foods.

Smoking status affects bioimpedance-derived phase angle in men but not in women: The Pró-Saúde Study, Brazil.

Objective: Phase angle (PhA) is determined by bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and it is interpreted as an index of cell membrane integrity. Smokers are susceptible to systemic oxidative stress and often adopt unhealthy habits, which may contribute to cellular damage. This unfavorable conjuncture may result in lower PhA in smokers.

Alcohol consumption is associated with DXA measurement of adiposity: the Pró-Saúde Study, Brazil.

Purpose: Evaluate the association between alcohol consumption and body adiposity.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from a longitudinal investigation (Pró-Saúde Study), comprising a sample of 514 civil servants of both sexes (35-64 years). Daily alcohol consumption (wine, beer, and other alcoholic drinks) over the previous 6 months was assessed via food frequency questionnaire and categorized as no doses, up to 1 dose, and ≥1 dose.

Physical activity benefits bone density and bone-related hormones in adult men with cervical spinal cord injury.

Severe bone loss is a recognized complication of chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Physical exercise contributes to bone health; however, its influence on bone mass of cervical SCI individuals has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of physical activity on bone mass, bone metabolism, and vitamin D status in quadriplegics.

Organic grape juice intake improves functional capillary density and postocclusive reactive hyperemia in triathletes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic grape juice intake on biochemical variables and microcirculatory parameters in triathlon athletes.

Introduction: The physiological stress that is imposed by a strenuous sport, such as a triathlon, together with an insufficient amount of antioxidants in the diet may cause oxidative imbalance and endothelial dysfunction.

Methods: Ten adult male triathletes participated in this study.

Vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphisms influence bone mass in adolescent football (soccer) players.

The genetic influence on bone mineralization during adolescence is unclear possibly due to modifying factors such as skeletal maturation and lifestyle. We evaluated the influence of polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene on longitudinal changes in bone mass, bone- and calcium-related hormones in 46 adolescent soccer players (11.8-14.