The nano heat effect of replacing macro-particles by nano-particles in drop calorimetry: the case of core/shell metal/oxide nano-particles.

Experimental results are presented here obtained by a drop calorimetric method, in which Ni and Cu particles, both in bulk and nanosized form, were dropped into a liquid Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu solder alloy (in wt%).

The Cu-Li-Sn Phase Diagram: Isopleths, Liquidus Projection and Reaction Scheme.

The Cu-Li-Sn phase diagram was constructed based on XRD and DTA data of 60 different alloy compositions. Eight ternary phases and 14 binary solid phases form 44 invariant ternary reactions, which are illustrated by a Scheil-Schulz reaction scheme and a liquidus projection. Phase equilibria as a function of concentration and temperature are shown along nine isopleths.

Enthalpy Effect of Adding Cobalt to Liquid Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu Lead-Free Solder Alloy: Difference between Bulk and Nanosized Cobalt.

Heat effects for the addition of Co in bulk and nanosized forms into the liquid Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu alloy were studied using drop calorimetry at four temperatures between 673 and 1173 K.

CuLiSn and CuLiSn: Characterization by single crystal XRD and structural discussion towards new anode materials for Li-ion batteries.

The stannides CuLiSn (CSD-427095) and CuLiSn (CSD-427096) were synthesized by induction melting of the pure elements and annealing at 400 °C. The phases were reinvestigated by X-ray powder and single-crystal X-ray diffractometry. Within both crystal structures the ordered CuSn and CuSn lattices form channels which host Cu and Li atoms at partly mixed occupied positions exhibiting extensive vacancies.

Enthalpy of mixing of liquid Co-Sn alloys.

A literature overview of enthalpy of mixing data for liquid Co-Sn alloys shows large scattering but no clear temperature dependence. Therefore drop calorimetry was performed in the Co-Sn system at twelve different temperatures in 100 K steps in the temperature range (673 to 1773) K. The integral enthalpy of mixing was determined starting from 1173 K and fitted to a standard Redlich-Kister polynomial.

New refinement of Ni5.20Sn8.7Zn4.16Cu1.04 and its non-isotypy with Ni2Sn2Zn.

The noncentrosymmetric space group P43m but a pseudocentric cubic crystal structure were reported for the compound Ni5.20Sn8.7Zn4.

Enthalpies of Formation of (Cu,Ni)Sn, (Cu,Ni)Sn-HT and (Ni,Cu)SnHT.

Standard enthalpies of formation of ternary phases in the Cu-Ni-Sn system were determined along sections at 25, 41 and 45.5 at.% Sn applying tin solution drop calorimetry.

The Enthalpies of Mixing of Liquid Ni-Sn-Zn Alloys.

The partial and integral enthalpies of mixing of liquid ternary Ni-Sn-Zn alloys were determined. The system was investigated along two sections / ≈ 1:9, / ≈ 1:6 at 1073 K and along two sections / ≈ 9:1, / ≈ 4:1 at 873 K. The integral enthalpy of mixing at each temperature is described using the Redlich-Kister-Muggianu model for substitutional ternary solutions.

Enthalpies of mixing of liquid ternary Co-Li-Sn alloys.

Abstract: The partial and integral molar enthalpies of mixing of liquid Co-Li-Sn alloys were determined using drop calorimetry. The investigations were performed along six sections by the addition of lithium to mixtures with the compositions [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] ≈ 2:98, [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] ≈ 1:9, and [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] ≈ 3:17 as well as by the addition of cobalt to mixtures with the compositions [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] ≈ 3:17, [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] ≈ 1:2, and [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] ≈ 1:1 at a temperature of 1,173 K. The Co-Li-Sn system shows exothermic behavior of the integral molar enthalpy of mixing in the investigated concentration range.

Calorimetric studies of Cu-Li, Li-Sn, and Cu-Li-Sn.

Integral molar enthalpies of mixing were determined by drop calorimetry for Cu-Li-Sn at 1073 K along five sections / ≈ 1:1, / ≈ 2:3, / ≈ 1:4, / ≈ 1:1, and / ≈ 1:4. The integral and partial molar mixing enthalpies of Cu-Li and Li-Sn were measured at the same temperature, for Li-Sn in addition at 773 K. All binary data could be described by Redlich-Kister-polynomials.

Phase equilibria in the ternary In-Ni-Sn system at 700 °C.

The phase equilibria of the ternary system In-Ni-Sn were investigated experimentally at 700 °C using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) including electron micro probe analysis (EMPA) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). A corresponding isothermal section was established based on these results. This particular temperature was chosen because it allowed obtaining reliable results within reasonable time.

Enthalpy of mixing of liquid systems for lead free soldering: Ni-Sb-Sn system.

The partial and integral enthalpies of mixing of liquid ternary Ni-Sb-Sn alloys were determined along five sections / = 3:1, / = 1:1, / = 1:3, / = 1:4, and / = 1:4 at 1000 °C in a large compositional range using drop calorimetry techniques. The mixing enthalpy of Ni-Sb alloys was determined at the same temperature and described by a Redlich-Kister polynomial. The other binary data were carefully evaluated from literature values.

The Cu-Sn phase diagram, Part I: New experimental results.

Phase diagram investigation of the Cu-Sn system was carried out on twenty Cu-rich samples by thermal analysis (DTA), metallographic methods (EPMA/SEM-EDX) and crystallographic analysis (powder XRD, high temperature powder XRD). One main issue in this work was to investigate the high temperature phases beta (W-type) and gamma (BiF-type) and to check the phase relations between them. In the high temperature powder XRD experiments the presence of the two-phase-field between the beta- and the gamma-phase could not be confirmed.

Ni2Sn2Zn from single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Dinickel ditin zinc, Ni(2)Sn(2)Zn, crystallizes in the cubic space group Pm3m, with a lattice parameter of a = 8.845 (1) Å and with all atoms occupying special positions. The crystal structure exhibits pronounced similarities with that of the quaternary compound Ni(5.

Enthalpies of mixing of liquid systems for lead free soldering: Co-Sb-Sn.

The partial and integral enthalpy of mixing of molten ternary Co-Sb-Sn alloys was determined performing high temperature drop calorimetry in a large compositional range at 1273 K. Measurements have been done along five sections, / ≈ 1:1, / ≈ 1:3, / ≈ 3:1, / ≈ 1:4, and / ≈ 1:5. Additionally, binary alloys of the constituent systems Co-Sb and Co-Sn were investigated at the same temperature.

Ni(5-δ)Sn4Zn (δ~0.25) from single-crystal data.

Work on the ternary Ni-Sn-Zn phase diagram revealed the existence of the title compound pentanickel tetratin zinc, Ni(3.17)Sn(2.67)Zn(0.

A new experimental phase diagram investigation of Cu-Sb.

Abstract: The binary system Cu-Sb is a constituent system that is studied in investigations of technically important ternary and quaternary alloy systems (e.g., casting alloys and lead-free solders).

Enthalpies of mixing of liquid systems for lead free soldering: Al-Cu-Sn system.

The present work refers to high-temperature drop calorimetric measurements on liquid Al-Cu, Al-Sn, and Al-Cu-Sn alloys. The binary systems have been investigated at 973 K, up to 40 at.% Cu in case of Al-Cu, and over the entire concentrational range in case of Al-Sn.

The high-temperature phase equilibria of the Ni-Sn-Zn system: Isothermal sections.

In this work three complete isothermal sections of the Ni-Sn-Zn system at 700, 800 and 900 °C are presented. They were constructed based on experimental investigation of more than 60 alloy samples. Powder XRD, single crystal XRD, EPMA, and DTA measurements on selected samples were carried out.