Inversion in the H-2 complex of t-haplotypes in mice.

Mouse t-haplotypes demonstrate strong linkage disequilibrium between t-lethal genes and specific H-2 types, presumably a result of recombination suppression between t and normal chromosomes. The observation of free recombination occurring between two complementary t-haplotypes suggested a chromosomal mismatch between t and normal chromosomes. Recent data showing the H-2 complex to be misplaced relative to two other markers, T and tf, in t-haplotypes suggested that chromosomal rearrangement in t-haplotypes might be the basis for their 'mismatch' with the normal chromosome.

The Qa-1 alloantigens. II. Evidence for the expression of two Qa-1 molecules by the Qa-1d genotype and for cross-reactivity between Qa-1 and H-2K.

The nature of cell surface determinants detected by Qa-1-specific alloantisera and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in mice of the H-2f, Qa-1d genotype was investigated. The H-2f, Qa-1d strains A.CA and B10.

Supramolecular relationships of membrane antigens on the murine thymocyte.

The topographical relationships of Thy-1, Ly-1, Ly-2, and T200 were examined on the murine thymocyte. The inhibition of the binding of radiolabelled monoclonal antibody after incubation with unlabelled heterologous antibody was used as a measure of the proximity of the target antigens on the cell surface. On unfixed cells, prior incubation with anti-Thy-1.

Qa-1 and Qa-2 expression on CFU-s.

Multipotential stem cells can be detected in bone marrow cells preparations by injecting these cells into syngeneic irradiated hosts. Colonies (CFU-s) are visible macroscopically on the spleen after 8 days. Pretreatment of A-Tlab (Qa-1.

Repeated isolation of unique Qa2+ Ia+ clonally derived cell lines from Qa2- mice.

Qa2+ tumor cell lines were previously isolated from individual BALB/cBy (Qa2-) splenic lymphomas induced by murine sarcoma virus-murine leukemia virus-Moloney (MSV-MuLV-M). Two clonally derived cell lines, ORA I-a and Thorbly, and one noncloned cell line, BOMS, expressed Qa2, but neither Ly-1 nor Ly-2 were detected. In order to determine whether eight cloned and two noncloned tumor cell lines all represented a unique population of transformed cells, the presence of a series of surface differentiation antigens as studied.

The biochemical genetics of TL antigens on mouse thymocytes.

Molecules bearing thymus leukemia (TL) alloantigen were isolated by immunoprecipitation from detergent-solubilized thymocyte lysates. Antisera used included monoclonal antibodies (anti-TL.m1, anti-TL.

The Qa2 subregion controls the expression of two antigens recognized by H-2-unrestricted cytotoxic T cells.

B6.KI mice were immunized with spleen cells from B6.K2, a Qa2-subregion congenic strain.

Antigen-specific soluble helper activity for murine major histocompatibility complex-encoded molecules. I. Kinetics of factor production after skin transplantation and genetic mapping of the H-2 region specificity.

Antigen-specific soluble helper molecules are produced during major histocompatibility complex-disparate allograft priming. Genetic mapping studies with appropriate recombinant and mutant lines of mice have defined the antigen specificities of the soluble helper molecules described here as being directed against the H-2Dd molecules. The production of antigen-specific helper molecules is a relatively early event after H-2Dd-region allograft priming.

Polymorphism of a Qa-1-associated antigen defined by cytotoxic T cells. I. Qed-1a and Qed-1d.

Tlad mice have a distinct Qed-1 allele, Qed-ld. Its product is detected by cytotoxic T cells raised in C57BL/6 (H-2b, Tlab) mice against cells from a new recombinant, B6-TL.123+ (H-2b, Tlad/b).

Syngeneic tumor immunizations produce Qa antibodies. Discovery of a new Qa antigen, Qa-6.

BALB/cBy (Qa-2-) mice injected with the syngeneic tumor, ORA I-a (Qa-2+), produced antibodies to Qa-2 and a newly discovered antigen, Qa-6. Specific antisera against Qa-6, in the presence of complement, lyses approximately 40% of lymph-node lymphocytes and splenocytes. Strain distribution analyses indicate that Qa-6 is specified by a gene within the TL subregion of the major histocompatibility complex.

The Qa-1 alloantigens. I. Identification and molecular weight characterization of glycoproteins controlled by the Qa-1a and Qa-1b alleles.

Splenocytes from the Qa-Tla congenic strain pairs, A and A-Tlab or B6 and B6-Tlaa, were biosynthetically labeled with 3H-amino acids or cell surface labeled with 125I. Membrane proteins were solubilized with detergent and chromatographed on lentil lectin-Sepharose, and the resulting adherent pools were immunoprecipitated with antisera specific for determinants controlled by the Qa-1a and Qa-1b alleles, Qa-1.1 and Qa-1.

Treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.

Ten patients with pain due to osteoarthritis of the knee were treated in a double-blind cross-over study with two weeks of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and placebo. There was statistically significant pain relief by TENS and half of the patients chose to continue using TENS for pain control after the test month. However, at one year's follow-up, only two patients had sufficient benefit to continue using the device.

Induction of surface Qa2 on lymphoid cells.

Three tumor cell lines isolated from individual murine sarcoma virus-infected BALB/cBy (Qa2-) mice were established. BOMS, ORA I, and Thorbly I were analyzed for the expression of Qa2 and Ly surface differentiation antigens. By Cytofluorograf analysis and absorption techniques, all 3 cell lines were found to be Qa2+, Ly1-, Ly2-.

Qa-2, H-2K, and H-2D alloantigens evolved from a common ancestral gene.

The Tla region located on the murine 17th chromosome controls several serologically defined cell surface antigens. These antigens, referred to as Qa-1-5 and TL, are expressed on a variety of hematopoeitic cell populations. In the present studies we have immunoprecipitated isotopically labeled Qa-2 and H-2 molecules from mitogen-stimulated B6 spleen cells.

Radiographic changes in the hands following childhood frostbite injury.

Three young adult patients who had sustained severe frostbite of the hands as children were recently evaluated for progressive deformity and joint pain in the fingers. Characteristic radiographic abnormalities including dwarfing of the middle and distal phalanges, irregular and malapposed articular surfaces, malalignments at the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints, and evidence of degenerative arthritis in the interphalangeal joints were observed. The metacarpal phalangeal joints and wrists were spared in all patients, and fingers which had been protected from the initial cold injury were similarly not affected.

Biochemical analysis of an MHC-linked hematopoietic cell surface antigen, Qa-2.

The region of the murine 17th chromosome telomeric to H-2D encodes a group of serologically defined cell surface antigens termed Qa-1-5. These antigens are of interest because their expression is restricted to hematopoietic cells. In addition, the molecular weight and subunit structure (ie, association with beta-2 microglobulin) of Qa-2 molecules are similar to H-2 and TL antigens.

New complexities at the Qa-1 locus.

Mouse strain and tissue distribution analyses indicate that the new antiserum A anti-A-Tlab recognizes the cell-surface product governed by the previously serologically undetectable Qa-1b allele. This cell-surface product has therefore been called Qa-1.2.