Promotion of L1210 tumour growth by macrophages.

Low numbers (10(4)) of peritoneal exudate L1210 mouse lymphoma cells were injected into DBA/2 mice subcutaneously and the development of tumours was followed. Tumour takes occurred in 100% of the animals within 9 days after tumour transplantation. The latent period of tumour development was prolonged by 6-10 days when tumour cells of the peritoneal exudate, depleted of adherent/phagocytic cells, were used in the inoculum or when tumour cells derived from continuous cell cultures were used.

[The cellular immune status in normal subjects, patients with and without neoplasms].

The distribution of lymphatic subpopulations in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant solid tumors has been studied in two steps. Firstly, it was investigated whether there are changes in the distribution of blood lymphoid cell populations in tumor patients (n = 101) compared to normal individuals (n = 39) and whether there is a correlation between the distribution pattern and the clinical stage of the disease. There was found a significant reduction of T-lymphocytes in patients with cancer, which was marked in the advanced tumor disease (n = 34).

[Quantitative and functional response of a lymphatic subpopulation during adjuvant intermittent chemo-immunotherapy in breast cancer].

In this study, an attempt was made to describe and evaluate in vitro immune parameters in patients with breast cancer undergoing modified radical mastectomy and adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. T and B lymphocytes and their in vitro functions were markedly reduced by intermittent combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and cyclophosphamide. Laevamisole was not found to influence immune parameters, neither when given between chemotherapy treatments nor when given after chemotherapy.

Humoral primary immune response in vitro in a homologous mouse system: replacement of fetal calf serum by a 2-mercaptoethanol or macrophage-activated fraction of mouse serum.

The primary immune response in mouse spleen cell cultures against heterologous red cell antigens is dependent on the medium being supplemented with selected batches of fetal calf serum. Mouse serum itself is not able to support this response. The active immune response-supporting component in fetal calf serum seems to be a distinct factor (s), which has been partially purified by Sephadex G-100 filtration and termed MaSF-2-mercaptoethanol-activated serum factor.

The role of fetal calf serum in the primary immune response in vitro.

The mode of action of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) on the primary immune response in vitro was investigated. Fetal calf serum (FCS) was preincubated with 2-ME and lyophilized to remove free 2-ME. This 2-ME-treated FCS was able to substitute the function of adherent cells in the primary immune response against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in vitro; Fractionation of 2-tme-treated FCS on a Sephadex G-100 column showed that 2-ME acted on a high molecular serum component which after activation, could substitute for macrophages.

K cell activity of normal and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia lymphocytes: association with lymphocytes bearing receptors for human C3b.

Blood lymphocytes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and of normal individuals were depleted of EAC3b- or EAC3d-rosette-forming cells (RFC), respectively and assayed for K-cell activity in a system measuring antibody-dependent-cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). K-cell activity was found to be associated with a cell population bearing receptors for C3b.

Adjuvant and suppressor activity of the polycation protamine hydrochloride in the primary immune response of mice.

The effect of protamine hydrochloride (PH), a polycation, on the primary immune response of mice to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was studied. Like other adjuvants, PH enhances or depresses the immune response depending on the time of injection of PH in relation to the antigenic challenge. The suppressive effect of PH correlated with the appearance of "activated" macrophages in the peritoneal cavity.

The repopulation of lymph nodes of dogs after 1200 R whole-body x-irradiation and intravenous administration of mononuclear blood leukocytes.

Fresh and cryopreserved autologous or allogeneic mononuclear blood cells (MBCs) intravenously injected in 1200 R total-body x-irradiated dogs repopulated lymph nodes within 10 days after tranfusion. Several parameters of the lymphopoietic regeneration were correlated with the number of cells transfused and with the number of colony-forming units contained in the cell suspension when they were cultured in agar (CFUc). Values within the normal or close to normal range were reached in the mesenteric nodes of most of the animals transfused with 10 X 10(9) MBC or more.

Polyclonal stimulation of lymphocytes by macrophages.

To analyze the interaction between macrophages and splenic lymphocytes with reference to time and concentration, the Mishell-Dutton system was divided into two experimental steps. Step 1 consisted of the cocultivation of spleen cells with various doses of macrophages for different periods of time, while in step 2 macrophages were removed, spleen cells transferred to fresh petri dishes and cultivated until plaque assay. Cocultivation of spleen cells with high doses of macrophages for 4--8 h markedly enhanced the DNA synthesis and plaque-forming cell (PFC) response of sheep red blood cell-stimulated and unstimulated cultures.

A case of impaired chemotaxis and lymphocyte transformation.

The report describes the clinical syndroms of a 14-year-old boy which suffered from recurrent infections since early infancy. The clinical and general laboratory findings were similar to "the granulomatous disease of childhood" as described by Bridges et al. (8).

Bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anaemia from a HL-A and MLC-identical unrelated donor.

Bone-marrow transplantation (BMT) from an unrelated, HL-A-phenotype-identical, MLC-negative donor was performed in a 31 year old woman with severe longlasting aplastic anemia. In vitro assays failed to demonstrate humoral or cellular sensitization of the recipient against donor-type antigens. Following conditioning with cyclophosphamide, prompt but only transient engraftment of the transplant occurred accompanied by signs of mild graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) of the liver.

Histocompatibility testing in dogs. II. Leukocyte typing in relation to the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) reactivity.

The correlation between MLC reactivity (LD) and serological leukocyte typing (SD) was studied in a beagle colony. Disparity for a serologically defined non-DL-A lymphocyte antigen did not correlate with MLC reactivity. Lymphocytes of colony members with common ancestors and SD identical DL-A haplotypes did not stimulate each other in the MLC.

Histocompatibility testing in dogs. I. A semi-micro mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) technique for histocompatibility matching in dogs.

A semi-micro method for the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) test in dogs is described. Optimization of various factors influencing the test were invistigated. Discrimination between allogeneic and isogeneic cell mixtures was possible after 90 h or culture but a culture period of 144 h was found to be optimal.