The structural logic of dynamic signaling in the Escherichia coli serine chemoreceptor.

The experimental challenges posed by integral membrane proteins hinder molecular understanding of transmembrane signaling mechanisms. Here, we exploited protein crosslinking assays in living cells to follow conformational and dynamic stimulus signals in Tsr, the Escherichia coli serine chemoreceptor. Tsr mediates serine chemotaxis by integrating transmembrane serine-binding inputs with adaptational modifications of a methylation helix bundle to regulate a signaling kinase at the cytoplasmic tip of the receptor molecule.

The Structural Logic of Dynamic Signaling in the Serine Chemoreceptor.

The experimental challenges posed by integral membrane proteins hinder molecular understanding of transmembrane signaling mechanisms. Here, we exploited protein crosslinking assays in living cells to follow conformational and dynamic stimulus signals in Tsr, the serine chemoreceptor. Tsr mediates serine chemotaxis by integrating transmembrane serine-binding inputs with adaptational modifications of a methylation helix bundle to regulate a signaling kinase at the cytoplasmic tip of the receptor molecule.

A longitudinal study of home-based involvement and dyadic adjustment during the transition to early elementary school.

Home-based involvement refers to caregivers' active efforts to create learning opportunities for their children at home and in the community. Across child development, home-based involvement is a positive influence on children's social-emotional and academic functioning. Findings have suggested that home-based involvement tends to decline during elementary and middle school, but the extent to which home-based involvement changes over time during the transition to early elementary school is less clear.

Examining conjoint behavioral consultation to support students in middle school with social, emotional, and behavior concerns.

The purpose of this study was to conduct a small-scale pilot study of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation (CBC), modified for middle school students with social, emotional, and behavioral concerns. Participants were 30 middle school students with social, emotional, and behavioral concerns, along with their parents and teachers. Participants were randomized to a CBC or school-as-usual control condition.

Structural signatures of chemoreceptor signaling states revealed by cellular crosslinking.

The chemotaxis machinery of has served as a model for exploring the molecular signaling mechanisms of transmembrane chemoreceptors known as methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs). Yet, fundamental questions about signal transmission through MCP molecules remain unanswered. Our work with the serine chemoreceptor Tsr has developed in vivo reporters that distinguish kinase-OFF and kinase-ON structures in the cytoplasmic methylation helix (MH) cap, which receives stimulus signals from an adjoining, membrane-proximal histidine kinase, adenylyl cyclases, MCPs, and phosphatases (HAMP) domain.

Does pathological sub stratification of T2 bladder cancer predict outcome in a contemporary pure urothelial carcinoma cohort?

Introduction: Studies evaluating outcomes in bladder cancer sub stratified into T2a and T2b pathologic staging have demonstrated inconsistent results. Survival outcomes in a cohort of pure urothelial carcinoma patient undergoing radical cystectomy were evaluated to determine the prognostic value of T2 sub staging.

Methods: Using our prospectively maintained institutional cystectomy database, we identified patients with pure urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, either pT2aN0 or pT2bN0.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: a comparison of open and minimally-invasive surgical approaches.

To compare perioperative outcomes between patients undergoing minimally-invasive (MIS) and open surgical approaches for the treatment of Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis (XGP). Between 2007 and 2017 we retrospectively identified 40 patients undergoing nephrectomy at our institution for pathologically confirmed XGP. Patients whose operations were ultimately completed with open technique were analyzed with the open cohort, whereas patients whose operations were completed in entirety using any laparoscopic approach were analyzed with the MIS group.

The Accessory Gene of the SaeR/S Two-Component Gene Regulatory System Impacts Virulence During Neutrophil Interaction.

() causes a range of diseases ranging from superficial skin and soft-tissue infections to invasive and life-threatening conditions (Klevens et al., 2007; Kobayashi et al., 2015).

Comparing oncologic outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for oncocytic neoplasms, conventional oncocytoma, and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Oncocytic neoplasms are renal tumors similar to oncocytoma, but their morphologic variations preclude definitive diagnosis. This somewhat confusing diagnosis can create treatment and surveillance challenges for the treating urologist. We hypothesize that these subtle morphologic variations do not drastically affect the malignant potential of these tumors, and we sought to demonstrate this by comparing clinical outcomes of oncocytic neoplasms to those of classic oncocytoma and chromophobe.

Assessing Cost of Robotic Utilization in Partial Nephrectomy with Increasing Utilization.

Purpose: To evaluate trends in utilization of robotic assistance in partial nephrectomy (PN) and assess the association between cost and utilization.

Patients And Methods: Using the 2009-2012 Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, we identified all adult (>17 years) patients undergoing PN for localized primary renal malignancy. Coding for robotic assistance (17.

A zipped-helix cap potentiates HAMP domain control of chemoreceptor signaling.

Environmental awareness is an essential attribute for all organisms. The chemotaxis system of provides a powerful experimental model for the investigation of stimulus detection and signaling mechanisms at the molecular level. These bacteria sense chemical gradients with transmembrane proteins [methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs)] that have an extracellular ligand-binding domain and intracellular histidine kinases, adenylate cyclases, methyl-accepting proteins, and phosphatases (HAMP) and signaling domains that govern locomotor behavior.

A case of base rate bias, or are adolescents at a higher risk of developing complications after catheterizable urinary channel surgery?

Objective: Adolescents are considered to be at high risk of developing complications after lower genitourinary tract reconstruction. This perception may be due to base rate bias, where clinicians favor specific information (adolescents with complications), while ignoring more general information (number of total adolescents being followed). The goal of this study was to assess whether age was a true risk factor for subfascial and stomal revisions after continent catheterizable urinary (CCU) channel procedures.

Anatomic comparison of traditional and enucleation partial nephrectomy specimens.

Objective: To compare pseudocapsule (PC) properties of clear cell renal cell carcinoma tumors removed via both traditional partial nephrectomy (PNx) and enucleative techniques as well as quantify the difference in volume of normal renal parenchyma removed between groups.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of clear cell PNx specimens between 2011 and 2014 was performed. All patients undergoing tumor enucleation (TE) were included.

Effect of baseline obesity and postoperative weight gain on the risk of channel revision following continent catheterizable urinary channel surgery.

Objective: Prior studies suggest that obese patients are at increased risk for complications following continent catheterizable urinary (CCU) channel surgery. We hypothesized that postoperative weight gain increases the risk of channel angulation, difficulty catheterizing, and possible channel perforation requiring subfascial revision. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether baseline obesity or becoming overweight/obese postoperatively was associated with a greater risk of subfascial revision.

The Worldwide Economic Impact of Neurogenic Bladder.

Costs of neurogenic bladder vary widely and depend on a number of factors including severity of disease, symptomatology, patient insurance, and devices required. Recognition of how each treatment strategy will impact the patient financially could help guide selection of treatment as well as improve compliance with the chosen regimen. We have attempted to provide an overview of long term cost considerations for the neurogenic bladder patient.

Treatment and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Teratoma with Somatic-Type Malignant Transformation: An International Collaboration.

Purpose: We assessed prognostic factors, treatments and outcomes in patients with teratoma with malignant transformation, a rare occurrence among germ cell tumors.

Materials And Methods: Data on patients diagnosed with teratoma with malignant transformation between June 1981 and August 2014 were collected across 5 referral centers. Chemotherapy was dichotomized as based on germ cell tumor or teratoma with malignant transformation.

Long-term outcomes of catheterizable continent urinary channels: What do you use, where you put it, and does it matter?

Introduction: Appendicovesicostomy (APV) and Monti ileovesicostomy (Monti) are commonly used catheterizable channels with similar outcomes on short-term follow-up. Their relative long-term results have not been previously published.

Objective: Our goal was to assess long-term durability of APV and Monti channels in a large patient cohort.

Differentiating reconstructive techniques in partial nephrectomy: a propensity score analysis.

Introduction: To assess whether volumetric measurements can differentiate functional changes between reconstructive techniques after partial nephrectomy.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and fifty-six patients undergoing partial nephrectomy for a single renal mass were retrospectively studied between 2008 and 2012. Computed tomography scans were available for volume calculations on 56 (18 non-renorrhaphy and 38 renorrhaphy).

A comparison of the Monti and spiral Monti procedures: A long-term analysis.

Introduction/background: The Monti ileovesicostomy provides an excellent substitution for an appendicovesicostomy when the appendix is unavailable or suitable for use. The spiral Monti is a useful modification to the traditional Monti as it allows creation of a longer channel when needed. In 2007, the short-term outcomes were reported; they compared traditional and spiral Monti in 188 patients with an average follow-up of 43 months.

Functional and Clinicopathologic Outcomes Using a Modified Vescica Ileale Padovana Technique.

Objective: To evaluate the clinicopathologic and functional outcomes of a modified Vescica ileale Padovana (VIP) neobladder technique.

Methods: Data for 160 patients at a single institution who underwent radical cystectomy and orthotopic VIP neobladder creation between 1998 and 2013 were analyzed. Modified VIP technique involved longitudinal opening of the small bowel close to the anterior mesenteric border instead of along the true anti-mesentery.