The effects of heading motion and sex on lower extremity biomechanics in soccer players.

Background: Soccer is one of the most popular sports worldwide, which subsequently increases the number of injuries experienced by players. Furthermore, a large percentage of all anterior cruciate ligament injuries occur while playing soccer. In order to more clearly understand injury mechanisms, it is important to make the testing environment as real-life as possible.

The Physical Activity Guidelines and Diabetes-Related Mortality: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2006.

Previous studies have indicated an inverse relationship between aerobic physical activity (PA) and risk of diabetes-related mortality (DRM). However, the contribution of aerobic PA across multiple domains, while also considering the contribution of muscle-strengthening activity (MSA), in reduction of risk for DRM has yet to be examined. The aim of this study is to examine the individual and combined associations of aerobic PA and MSA with DRM.

Associations among Motor Competence, Physical Activity, Perceived Motor Competence, and Aerobic Fitness in 10-15-Year-Old Youth.

(1) Background: The developmental model describes possible mechanisms that could impact the trajectory of children and adolescents' health behaviors related to obesity; however, few data are available that support this model in the adolescent population. This study investigated the associations among motor competence (MC), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), perceived motor competence (PMC), and aerobic fitness in children and adolescents and the mediating and moderating effects of PMC, aerobic fitness, and weight status on the MC-MVPA relationship. (2) Methods: Participants included 47 adolescents (12.

The role of resistance training in influencing insulin resistance among adults living with obesity/overweight without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the independent effect of resistance training (RT) on markers of insulin resistance (IR) (fasting insulin and HOMA-IR) among individuals with overweight/obesity without diabetes. PubMed, SPORTdiscus, SCOPUS, Prospero, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched through December 19, 2022.

A Community Profile of Walking and Cycling for Exercise or Transportation in a Rural County in the Southeastern United States.

People living in rural areas of the United States, especially in the southern region, are much less likely to walk or cycle for leisure time or transportation. The purpose of this study is to provide a more detailed community-level estimate of walking and cycling behaviors and attitudes among adults living in a rural county (Hardeman County, TN) participating in a High Obesity Program (HOP) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Telephone interviews and online surveys regarding walking and cycling behaviors, attitudes, and perceptions of the built environment were completed by 634 adults.

Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors by Race-Ethnicity: 2003-2006 NHANES.

Previous studies suggest that the magnitude of morbidity/mortality reduction may differ between race-ethnic groups despite equated dose of physical activity (PA). The purpose of this study was to compare the potential racial-ethnic differences in cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) across quartiles of accelerometer-derived total activity counts/day (TAC/d) among US adults. The final sample (n=4144) included adults who participated in the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Principal Component Analysis of Knee Joint Differences Between Bilateral and Unilateral Total Knee Replacement Patients During Level Walking.

Many unilateral total knee replacement (TKR) patients will need a contralateral TKR. Differences in knee joint biomechanics between bilateral patients and unilateral patients are not well established. The purpose of this study was to examine knee joint differences in level walking between bilateral and unilateral patients, and asymptomatic controls, using principal component analysis.

Leisure-time aerobic physical activity and the risk of diabetes-related mortality: An analysis of effect modification by race-ethnicity.

Aims: To examine the relationship between aerobic moderate-to-vigorous intensity leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and the risk of diabetes-related mortality in the NHANES III (1988-1994) while considering potential effect modification by race-ethnicity.

Methods: The study sample (n = 14,006) included adults, 20-79 years of age, with Mobile Examination Center (MEC) data. An age-standardized physical activity score (PAS) was calculated from the self-reported frequency and intensity of 12 leisure-time aerobic activities.

Challenges and opportunities related to the objective assessment of physical activity within U.S. health surveys.

Public health surveillance is a vital component in the assessment of health-related behaviors such as physical activity (PA). With multiple active national health surveys in the United States, questions arise about how data are collected, what each data source contributes to the overall knowledge base about PA and health outcomes, and how to interpret PA data from different data sources to gain an understanding about PA at the population level. This article highlights specifically the challenges and opportunities with using wearable devices in population-level PA assessment.

Demographic, health behavior, and cardiometabolic risk factor profile in yoga and non-yoga participants: NHANES 1999-2006.

Objective: To examine and compare the demographic, health behavior, and cardiometabolic risk factor characteristics of participants who report 1) participating in yoga, 2) not participating yoga, or 3) are inactive, using a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.

Daily Physical Activity by Occupational Classification in US Adults: NHANES 2005-2006.

Background: Little is known about the daily physical activity (PA) levels of people employed in different occupational categories.

Methods: Nine ActiGraph accelerometer-derived daily PA variables are presented and ranked for adults (N = 1465, 20-60 y) working in the 22 occupational categories assessed by NHANES 2005-2006. A composite score was generated for each occupational category by summing the rankings of 3 accelerometer-derived daily PA variables known to have strong associations with health outcomes (total activity counts [TAC], moderate to vigorous PA minutes per week in modified 10-minute bouts [MVPA 10], and percentage of time spent in sedentary activity [SB%]).

Health-enhancing physical activity during practice among student football managers at a Division I university.

Student football managers have demands on their time that may pose barriers to meeting recommended current physical activity (PA) guidelines. The study sought to assess the amount of PA obtained by student football managers at a NCAA Division I Football university. Subjects were student football managers ( = 14) with data collected in the fall 2015.

Effects of Knee Alignments and Toe Clip on Frontal Plane Knee Biomechanics in Cycling.

Effects of knee alignment on the internal knee abduction moment (KAM) in walking have been widely studied. The KAM is closely associated with the development of medial knee osteoarthritis. Despite the importance of knee alignment, no studies have explored its effects on knee frontal plane biomechanics during stationary cycling.

Protective role of physical activity on type 2 diabetes: Analysis of effect modification by race-ethnicity.

Background: It is well known physical activity (PA) plays a role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the extent to which PA may affect T2D risk among different race-ethnic groups is unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to systematically examine the effect modification of race-ethnicity on PA and T2D.

Psycho-Physiological Effects of Television Viewing During Exercise.

We propose that enjoyment is an important factor in the adoption and long-term maintenance of exercise. Television (TV) viewing is believed to be a highly enjoyed leisure-time activity, combining it with exercise may make for a more enjoyable exercise experience. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of television (TV) viewing on psychological and physiological variables during a moderate-intensity exercise bout.

Accelerometer-Derived Total Activity Counts, Bouted Minutes of Moderate to Vigorous Activity, and Insulin Resistance: NHANES 2003-2006.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to compare the associations of accelerometer-derived total activity counts per day and minutes of bouted moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with insulin resistance.

Methods: The sample included 2,394 adults (aged ≥20 y) from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Time spent in MVPA, measured by using 2 cutpoints (≥2,020 counts/min [MVPA] and ≥760 counts/min [MVPA]), was calculated for bouts of at least 8 to 10 minutes.

Accuracy of Consumer Monitors for Estimating Energy Expenditure and Activity Type.

Introduction: Increasing use of consumer-based physical activity (PA) monitors necessitates that they are validated against criterion measures. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of three consumer-based PA monitors for estimating energy expenditure (EE) and PA type during simulated free-living activities.

Methods: Twenty-eight participants (mean ± SD: age, 25.

Cross-sectional association between physical activity and serum testosterone levels in US men: results from NHANES 1999-2004.

Testosterone levels and physical activity each play important roles in men's health, but the relationship between the two remains unclear. We evaluated the cross-sectional association between self-reported total physical activity and serum testosterone levels in 738 men (mean age 42.4 years, range 20-≥85 years) who participated in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004.

Effect of Adding Online Social Support Tools to an Adult Walking Program: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

This pilot study examined the efficacy of providing access to online social support tools on adults' step counts during a technology-mediated walking intervention. Sixty-three insufficiently active adults were randomized to a 12-week walking intervention with (SUPPORT) or without (NO SUPPORT) access to online social support tools. Both groups received a pedometer, step goals, and access to relevant websites.

Use of population-referenced total activity counts percentiles to assess and classify physical activity of population groups.

Objectives: Population-referenced total activity counts per day (TAC/d) percentiles provide public health practitioners a standardized measure of physical activity (PA) volume obtained from an accelerometer that can be compared across populations. The purpose of this study was to describe the application of TAC/d population-referenced percentiles to characterize the PA levels of population groups relative to US estimates.

Methods: A total of 679 adults participating in the 2011 NYC Physical Activity Transit survey wore an ActiGraph accelerometer on their hip for seven consecutive days.

The Associations Between Increasing Degrees of HOMA-IR and Measurements of Adiposity Among Euglycemic U.S. Adults.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between increasing degrees of insulin resistance (using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) and two measures of adiposity in a nationally representative sample of euglycemic U.S. adults.

Physical Activity With and Without TV Viewing: Effects on Enjoyment of Physical Activity and TV, Exercise Self-Efficacy, and Barriers to Being Active in Overweight Adults.

Background: Physical activity (PA) is enjoyable, but there are barriers to participation. TV viewing is highly enjoyable with limited barriers. Exercising while viewing TV may impact enjoyment, exercise self-efficacy, and barriers to PA, compared with exercising without TV.

Effects of Workloads and Cadences on Frontal Plane Knee Biomechanics in Cycling.

Unlabelled: Although effects of workload and cadence on sagittal plane knee biomechanics in cycling have been widely studied, few studies have examined their impact on the frontal plane.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different workloads and cadences on knee sagittal and frontal plane biomechanics.

Methods: Eighteen healthy participants (age, 55.