Immune correlates of early clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among tuberculosis household contacts in Indonesia.

Some individuals, even when heavily exposed to an infectious tuberculosis patient, do not develop a specific T-cell response as measured by interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). This could be explained by an IFN-γ-independent adaptive immune response, or an effective innate host response clearing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) without adaptive immunity. In heavily exposed Indonesian tuberculosis household contacts (n = 1347), a persistently IGRA negative status was associated with presence of a BCG scar, and - especially among those with a BCG scar - with altered innate immune cells dynamics, higher heterologous (Escherichia coli-induced) proinflammatory cytokine production, and higher inflammatory proteins in the IGRA mitogen tube.

Activity Disease in SLE Patients Affected IFN-γ in the IGRA Results.

Purpose: Highly active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) causes a high risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection in SLE patients in Indonesia, a country in which the disease, especially extrapulmonary TB, is endemic. Interferon (IFN)-γ releasing assay (IGRA) can detect latent or previous TB infection. This study sought to determine latent TB infection and levels of IFN-γ, a key player in various inflammation and autoimmune disease, in patients with SLE and relate findings to disease activity.

Immune cell characteristics and cytokine responses in adult HIV-negative tuberculous meningitis: an observational cohort study.

Immunopathology contributes to high mortality in tuberculous meningitis (TBM) but little is known about the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) immune response. We prospectively characterised the immune response of 160 TBM suspects in an Indonesian cohort, including 67 HIV-negative probable or definite TBM cases. TBM patients presented with severe disease and 38% died in 6 months.