Assessment of the exposure to and the presence of anti- antibodies in stray cats in an endemic region of Spain, and their potential correlation with environmental factors.

is a major vector of in the Mediterranean. While the seroprevalence of leishmaniosis in Spanish dogs and cats has been studied, data on the exposure of cats to bites under natural conditions without repellents is limited. Stray cats could serve as sentinels for and exposure.

Implementation strategies for decentralized management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: insights from community health systems in Zambia.

Background: Decentralized management approaches for multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) have shown improved treatment outcomes in patients. However, challenges remain in the delivery of decentralized MDR TB services. Further, implementation strategies for effectively delivering the services in community health systems (CHSs) in low-resource settings have not been fully described, as most strategies are known and effective in high-income settings.

Evaluation of Sepigel-Based Meglumine Antimoniate and Amphotericin B for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Treatment.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) poses a significant public health concern in endemic regions due to its increasing prevalence and substantial impact on affected individuals. This disease is primarily caused by the protozoa, which are transmitted through insect bites, and it manifests as a range of symptoms, from self-healing lesions to severe disfigurement. Current treatments, which often involve the parenteral administration of antimonials, face challenges such as poor compliance and adverse effects.

Genetic Variability in Leishmaniasis-Causing in Humans and Dogs from North-East Spain.

is the primary cause of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in the European Mediterranean region. Subspecies-level characterization of aids epidemiological studies by offering insights into the evolution and geographical distribution of the parasite and reservoir identity. In this study, conducted in north-east Spain, 26 DNA samples of were analyzed, comprising 21 from 10 humans and 5 from 5 dogs.

The effect of COVID-19 on malaria cases in Zambia: a mixed effect multilevel analysis.

Background: The burden of Malaria in Zambia remains a challenge, with the entire population at risk of contracting this infectious disease. Despite concerted efforts by African countries, including Zambia, to implement malaria policies and strategies aimed at reducing case incidence, the region faces significant hurdles, especially with emerging pandemics such as COVID-19. The efforts to control malaria were impacted by the constraints imposed to curb its transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Nodular pyogranulomatous panniculitis due to Leishmania infantum infection in a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo).

Leishmaniosis is a vector-borne disease caused by different Leishmania species and transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies under natural conditions in Europe. Scientific information related to Leishmania infantum in dogs is extensive, where less information is available in cats and other companion animals. Recently, first clinical cases of L.

Anisakid Presence in the European Conger, , from Spanish Mediterranean Waters.

The European conger, , is a benthic marine fish species with a geographical distribution extending through the northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Despite being extensively distributed and widely appreciated by Spanish consumers, studies regarding parasite presence in this fish are scarce. In the present work, a hundred and eight specimens from the Mediterranean coast of northeastern Spain (Catalan waters) were surveyed for the presence of nematode parasites.

Effect of Local Administration of Meglumine Antimoniate and Polyhexamethylene Biguanide Alone or in Combination with a Toll-like Receptor 4 Agonist for the Treatment of Papular Dermatitis due to in Dogs.

Papular dermatitis is a cutaneous manifestation of canine infection associated with mild disease. Although it is a typical presentation, nowadays, there is still no established treatment. This study evaluated the safety and clinical efficacy of local meglumine antimoniate, locally administered polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) alone or PHMB in combination with a Toll-like receptor 4 agonist (TLR4a) for the treatment of papular dermatitis due to and assessed parasitological and immunological markers in this disease.

Genetic diversity of sp. A (Nematoda: Anisakidae) parasitizing the European Shag from the Spanish Mediterranean coast.

Sibling species of the (s.l.) complex are habitual endoparasites of cormorants of the Phalacrocoracidae family, worldwide.

Underestimation of Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by in an Endemic Area of the Mediterranean Basin (Balearic Islands).

Leishmaniasis is an infectious zoonotic disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus . In the Mediterranean basin, leishmaniasis is caused by and transmitted by bites of sandflies of the genus , with the dog as the main reservoir host. The most common form is cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), although visceral cases also occur.

Identification of Epidemiology, Drug Resistance and Pathogenicity Biomarkers with Nanopore Sequencing.

The emergence of drug-resistant strains of the parasite infecting dogs and humans represents an increasing threat. genomes are complex and unstable with extensive structural variations, ranging from aneuploidies to multiple copy number variations (CNVs). These CNVs have recently been validated as biomarkers of concerning virulence, tissue tropism, and drug resistance.

First epidemiological survey of Leishmania infantum in the domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) in a canine leishmaniosis endemic area using serology and PCR.

Background: Leishmaniosis, a vector-borne disease caused by Leishmania infantum, is one of the most important parasitic zoonoses in Europe. The transmission cycle of leishmaniosis is maintained by both domestic and wild animals. However, few data are available on the role of wild mammals in transmitting the parasite in the European Mediterranean basin.

Effects of interventions for preventing road traffic crashes: an overview of systematic reviews.

Background: Road traffic crashes (RTCs) are among the eight-leading causes of death globally. Strategies and policies have been put in place by many countries to reduce RTCs and to prevent RTCs and related injuries/deaths.

Methods: In this review, we searched the following databases Ovid Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Epistemonikos, Web of Science, and LILACS for reviews matching our inclusion criteria between periods January 1950 and March 2020.

Serum protein electrophoretogram profile detected in apparently healthy cats infected with Leishmania infantum - Short communication.

The information about the clinical features of Leishmania infantum infection in cats is scarce. In this study, we evaluated the serum protein electrophoresis of samples from 19 infected but apparently healthy cats. To detect L.

Leishmaniosis caused by in ferrets: Update review.

Leishmaniosis in domestic ferrets () is a disease caused by , a parasite transmitted through the bite of an infected female phlebotomine sand fly. Among vertebrates, the dog is the primary domestic reservoir of the parasite; however, other domestic animals can be implicated such as cats. The first description of a clinical case of leishmaniosis in domestic ferrets was reported recently.

Clinical leishmaniosis in a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) treated with miltefosine plus allopurinol: Serological and clinical follow-up.

The published information on the treatment of mustelid leishmaniosis is extremely scarce because there are only two case reports available. In one case, a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) was treated with a combination of meglumine antimoniate plus allopurinol and, in the other case, a therapeutic regimen with allopurinol was administrated to a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). This article describes for the first time a combined therapeutic protocol with miltefosine (2 mg/kg once a day during 28 days per os), and allopurinol (10 mg/kg twice a day PO sine die) in a domestic ferret with splenomegaly, lymphadenomegaly and a facial pyogranulomatous dermatitis, with a moderate level of antibodies to Leishmania infantum.

Hybrid Genotype of (s.s.) and Identified in Third- and Fourth-Stage Larvae from Sympatric and Allopatric Spanish Marine Waters.

The sibling species (s.s.) and are parasites of marine mammals and fish worldwide and the main causative agents of human anisakiasis.

Leishmaniosis in Rodents Caused by : A Review of Studies in the Mediterranean Area.

Leishmaniosis infection begins when a phlebotomine sand fly vector inoculates pathogenic protozoan parasites of the genus into a mammalian host. In the case of , the domestic dog is considered to be the main parasite reservoir, and canine leishmaniosis (CanL) has a high mortality rate in untreated dogs. Hundreds of cases of human leishmaniosis (HL) are reported in the world each year, the incidence in Europe being relatively low.

Antibodies to Leishmania in naturally exposed domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) in Spain.

Zoonotic leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum is a vector-borne disease endemic in southern Europe and dogs are the main reservoir for this infection. Seasonal variations in antibody titers in this species in areas where phlebotomine vectors have seasonal patterns of activity are important for epidemiological, preventive and clinical studies related with canine leishmaniosis. It has been suggested that cats, rabbits and ferrets may act as peridomestic reservoirs and not only as accidental hosts.

A cross-sectional study of Leishmania infantum infection in stray cats in the city of Zaragoza (Spain) using serology and PCR.

Background: Feline leishmaniosis is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by Leishmania spp. Leishmania infection in dogs is prevalent in the Mediterranean basin, but in other animals, such as cats, it could also play a role in the epidemiology of the disease. Information on the geographical distribution and epidemiological features of L.

Diagnostic usefulness of immunohistochemical evaluation of CD1a antigen and polyclonal anti-leishmania antibodies in cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Background: Different immunohistochemical markers to detect amastigotes in cutaneous leishmaniasis have been proposed with variable diagnostic usefulness.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of immunohistochemical amastigotes identification by specific polyclonal anti-Leishmania antibodies and CD1a expression (clone EP3622) in a series of PCR confirmed cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three skin samples corresponding to PCR confirmed cutaneous leishmaniasis were included in the study.

Treatment and follow-up of a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) with clinical leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum.

Leishmania infantum infection including treatment and follow up in domestic animals other than dogs and cats has not been described at this moment. This article describes the anti-Leishmania treatment and follow-up of a ferret (Mustela putorius furo) with leishmaniosis. A combined therapeutic protocol established for the patient, not yet approved for ferrets, was a combination of meglumine antimoniate plus allopurinol.

Serological and molecular survey of Leishmania infection in dogs from Venezuela.

Venezuela is a country where human and canine leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum, Leishmania braziliensis and other Leishmania spp. is endemic. However, only limited data is available on canine Leishmania infection in Venezuela.