Contaminant back-diffusion from low-permeability layers as affected by groundwater velocity: A laboratory investigation by box model and image analysis.

Low-permeability lenses represent potential sources of long-term release when filled from contaminant solute through direct contact with dissolved plumes. The redistribution of contaminant from low to high permeability aquifer zones (Back-Diffusion) was studied. Redistribution causes a long plume tail, commonly regarded as one of the main obstacles to effective groundwater remediation.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate as a slow-release carbon source for in situ bioremediation of contaminated aquifers: From laboratory investigation to pilot-scale testing in the field.

A pilot-scale study aiming to evaluate the potential use of poly-3-hydroxy-butyrate (PHB) as an electron donor source for in situ bioremediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons in groundwater was conducted. Compared with commercially available electron donors, PHB offers a restricted fermentation pathway (i.e.