Evaluation of pediatric spinal ependymomas: A 25-year retrospective observational study.

This study aims to evaluate the clinical and radiological features, histopathological characteristics, treatment modalities, and their effectiveness, as well as long-term follow-up results of pediatric spinal ependymomas treated at a single institution. In this retrospective study, medical records of 14 pediatric patients (3 females and 11 males) who were surgically treated for spinal ependymoma in our institution between 1995 and 2020 were reviewed. Data regarding age, gender, presenting symptoms and signs, radiological findings, postoperative status, extent of resection, histopathological grading, recurrence, tumor growth, seeding, and adjuvant treatment were collected and analyzed.

Congenital Brain Tumors: Surgical Outcomes and Long-Term Prognostic Factors.

Objective: To evaluate long-term outcomes of surgical resection for congenital brain tumors (CBTs) in infants under one year of age and to identify factors related to survival.

Methods: Our retrospective study analyzed infants who underwent gross total or subtotal resection (STR) for CBTs between 2001 and 2019. Data were obtained from medical records, including demographics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, tumor characteristics, and presence of hydrocephalus.

Does Gross Total Resection Improve Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Pediatric Intracranial Ependymomas? Single-Center Clinical Experience Of 61 Cases.

Objective: To share our clinical experience of 25 years and identify prognostic factors for progression-free and overall survival in pediatric intracranial ependymomas.

Methods: In total, 61 children who were treated between 1995 and 2020 in a single institution were included in the study. Medical records of the patients were retrospectively reviewed to obtain and analyze the following data: patient age at first surgery, sex, presenting symptoms, hydrocephalus and any invasive treatment, anatomic site, extent of resection, pathologic grade, time to progression, and time to death.

Azathioprine as a Neuroprotective Agent in Experimental Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.

Aim: To evaluate the protective effects of azathioprine, a macrophage-inhibiting agent, on secondary injury in spinal cord trauma.

Material And Methods: A total of 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. All the animals had undergone T8-10 laminectomy.

Investigation of the Possible Protective Effects of Ketamine and Dantrolene on the Hippocampal Apoptosis and Spatial Learning in Rats Exposed to Repeated Electroconvulsive Seizures as a Model of Status Epilepticus.

Aim: To evaluate the possible neuroprotective effects of ketamine and dantrolene on the hippocampal apoptosis and spatial learning in rats exposed to repeated electroconvulsive seizures (ECS) as a model of status epilepticus (SE).

Material And Methods: Twenty-four rats were assigned to 4 groups. 1st Group was Sham.

The effect of pentoxifylline on cerebral vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objects: Cerebral vasospasm is an important event that occurs following subarachnoid hemorage which has significant mortality and morbidity. The goal in this study was to investigate the effect of pentoxifylline on vasospasm in an experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage model.

Methods: In this study, 20 male New Zeland White rabbits weighing 3000-3500 g were assigned randomly to four groups.

Long-Term Outcomes of Pediatric Meningioma Surgery: Single Center Experience with 23 Patients.

Aim: To evaluate the long-term outcomes and prognostic variables in a surgical cohort of pediatric meningiomas treated in a single institution.

Material And Methods: Medical records and follow-up notes of 23 pediatric patients aged < 18 years (12 male and 11 female; mean age on presentation, 13.1 ± 4.

Survival Benefit with Gross Total Resection and Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Childhood Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors: Results of a Single-Center Cohort of 27 Cases.

Aim: To share a single center experience with 27 atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) cases, and to determine the effect of gross total tumor resection and other clinical characteristics on the overall survival rate of AT/RT.

Material And Methods: We included 27 patients-with a histopathologically confirmed primary intracranial childhood AT/ RT-who were operated in our clinic between January 2000 and December 2017. Age, sex, tumor location, disseminated disease, the presence of hydrocephalus, symptom duration till diagnosis, the extent of resection, and adjuvant radiotherapy were evaluated for their influence on overall survival.

Topiramate as a neuroprotective agent in a rat model of spinal cord injury.

Topiramate (TPM) is a widely used antiepileptic and antimigraine agent which has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in various experimental traumatic brain injury and stroke models. However, its utility in spinal cord injury has not been studied extensively. Thus, we evaluated effects of TPM on secondary cellular injury mechanisms in an experimental rat model of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Traumatic Acute Subdural Hematomas: Analysis of Outcomes and Predictive Factors at a Single Center.

Aim: In the present study, we evaluated the association of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and amount of blood loss with mortality in patients presenting with traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH).

Material And Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 99 patients who were operated for traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) without any systemic association at a single center. Epidural hematoma was reported to be the most common additional pathology.

Is the Knowledge Pertaining to Adult Glioblastomas Enough for Pediatric Cases? Prognostic Factors in Childhood.

Aim: Pediatric glioblastoma (GBM) is still a topic obscurity. The aim of this study was to explore clinical, radiological and pathological features, and prognostic factors affecting the outcomes.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our database for prognostic factors for 42 consecutive pediatric patients with histologically proven GBM treated in our hospital.

Outcomes and demostration of cranial firearm injuries: A multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Cranial firearm injuries (CFAI) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality.This study was aimed to determine the factors affecting mortality of CFAI cases managed in our institution by a retrospective analysis of CT scans and clinical data.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study examined two hundred and nineteen patients presenting to neurosurgery clinics after CFAI between January 2012 and November 2014.

Enigmatic entity in childhood: clival chordoma from a tertiary center's perspective.

Purpose: Chordoma is a rare neoplasm that arises from embryonic notochordal remnants along the axial skeleton (i.e., clivus, sacrum) and the vertebral bodies.

De novo formation of brain tumors in pediatric population following therapeutic cranial irradiation.

Purpose: Tumors of central nervous system (CNS) are accounted as the second most common tumors in childhood (21% of all cancers) following hematologic malignancies. The patients can suffer more than one cancer in their lifetime, and radiotherapy is claimed for de novo formation of a new tumor in years after treatment of an initial tumor.

Methods: We have retrospectively analyzed our database for defining radiotherapy-related de novo brain tumors operated in between January, 2000 and August, 2012.

Cavernous malformations of the central nervous system (CNS) in children: clinico-radiological features and management outcomes of 36 cases.

Background: Cavernous malformations (CMs) of the central nervous system (CNS) are angiographically occult vascular lesions that affect approximately 0.5 % of the general population, and one quarter of all CMs occurs in children.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed demographic, clinical, radiological, management, and follow-up data of 36 pediatric patients with CMs from a single institution.

Thalamic tumors in children.

Introduction: Thalamic tumors are rare tumors which are usually diagnosed in the pediatric age group. Although recent developments in neurosurgical practice allow more radical treatments, information about outcome is scarce for these deep-seated challenging tumors.

Methods: Medical records of 45 pediatric patients who presented with thalamic tumors between 1999 and 2012 were reviewed.

Benign cerebellar pilocytic astrocytomas in children.

Aim: Cerebellar astrocytomas are benign tumors of the central nervous system. They represent 10% of all pediatric intracranial brain tumors and 30% of all pediatric posterior fossa tumors especially in the first two decades of life.

Material And Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients; age at the time of surgery, pre- and post operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), localisation of the tumor, hydrocephalus, surgical approach, pre- and post operative neurological status, post operative adjuvant therapy and outcome were documented.

Comparison of intrathecal cilostazol and nimodipine treatments in subarachnoid hemorrhage: an experimental study in rabbits.

Objective: intrathecal administration of calcium channel antagonists has been proposed to reduce cerebral vasospasm (CVS) in animal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) models. Also, delayed CVS treatment model with oral administration of cilostazol can be seen in the literature.

Methods: in this study, 25 male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to five groups: control, SAH only, SAH/nimodipine, SAH/cilostazol, SAH/vehicle.

The effect of intracisternal Zn (II) protoporphyrin IX on vasospasm process in the experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage model.

Background: although there has been much work on it for years, cerebral vasospasm as a complication of subarachnoid bleeding is still an important cause of mortality and morbidity. The presented study was designed to examine the effects of heme oxygenase inhibitor, Zn (II) protoporphyrin IX, on vasospasm process.

Method: in this study 20 male New Zealand White rabbits weighing 2,500 to 3,000 g were randomly assigned to four groups.

Comparison of nimodipine delivery routes in cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage: an experimental study in rabbits.

Background: nimodipine is the most widely preferred and administered calcium channel blocker in cerebral vasospasm prevention and treatment. There is no experimental or clinical study investigating the comparative effects of routine treatment modalities.

Method: 35 male New Zealand White rabbits were assigned randomly to one of seven groups: Control, only SAH, SAH/oral nimodipine, SAH/IV nimodipine, SAH/IT nimodipine, SAH/IA nimodipine, SAH/angiography.

The effect of phosphodiesterase inhibitor tadalafil on vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage in an experimental rabbit model.

Background: despite the years of study on it, cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage is still an important cause of mortality and morbidity. The presented study was undertaken to show whether phosphodiesterase inhibitor tadalafil can attenuate the vasospasm process following subarachnoid bleeding.

Method: in this study, 20 male New Zealand White rabbits weighing 2,500-3,000 g were randomly assigned to four groups.

Effects of pravastatin on cellular ultrastructure and hemorheology in rats after traumatic head injury.

Pravastatin has neuroprotective effects against aging but its role in brain injury remains unclear. This study evaluated the effects of pravastatin on the ultrastructural changes and hemorheological parameters in rats after traumatic brain injury (TBI) of right parietal cortical contusion by a controlled weight-dropping method. There were three groups: (I) Sham operated group; (II) TBI + vehicle (saline) group; and (III) TBI + pravastatin group.

The effects of intravenous cilostazol and nimodipine on cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in an experimental rabbit model.

Aim: Our aim in this study was to investigate the efficacy of intravenous administration of cilostazol and compare these effects with intravenous usage of nimodipine in subarachnoid hemorrhage model.

Material And Methods: Twenty-five male New Zealand White rabbits were assigned randomly to 1 of 5 groups. Animals in group 1 (n=5) served as controls, group 2 (n=5) was the SAH-only group, group 3 (n=5) was treated with intravenous 10 mg/kg cilostazol, group 4 (n=5) was treated with 0.

Antiapoptotic and neuroprotective effects of mycophenolate mofetil after acute spinal cord injury in young rats.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible beneficial effects of mycophenolate mofetil in comparison with methylprednisolone in an experimental model of spinal cord injury in young rats.

Materials And Methods: Young female Wistar albino rats weighing 100-120 g were used in this study. The animals were anesthetized, the paravertebral muscles were dissected to expose thoracic spinal nerve 7 (T7)-T11 vertebrae, and the spinal cord was exposed at T8-T10 levels by laminectomy with the assistance of a surgical microscope.