Laser and remineralising agents in dental erosion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: This systematic review aimed to evaluate, by means of statistical comparison between selected studies, the effectiveness of laser irradiation on dental erosion applied alone or in combination with anti-erosive agents (fluoride, Acidulated phosphate fluoride APF and CPP-amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate CPP-ACFP), through optical profilometry and microhardness measurement.

Methods: The searching strategy was conducted according to the International PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, to answer research ques-tions regarding the effectiveness of lasers used in the context of dental erosion (such as Nd:YAG, CO2, Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, Diode, and Argon Ion lasers). A comprehensive and unrestricted sys-tematic searching was performed using the electronic databases of PubMed and Cochrane Library, for all articles published up to the end of January 2023.

Toll-like Receptor 9 Inhibition Mitigates Fibroproliferative Responses in Translational Models of Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease for which current treatment options only slow clinical progression. Previously, we identified a subset of patients with IPF with an accelerated disease course associated with fibroblast expression of Toll-Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) mediated by interactions with its ligand mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).

Objectives: We aimed to show that TLR9 activation induces fibroproliferative responses that are abrogated by its antagonism by using two commercially-available indirect inhibitors and a proprietary, selective direct small molecule inhibitor.

Plasma collagen neoepitopes are associated with multiorgan disease in the ACCESS and GRADS sarcoidosis cohorts.

Introduction: The pathogenesis of sarcoidosis involves tissue remodelling mediated by the accumulation of abnormal extracellular matrix, which is partly the result of an imbalance in collagen synthesis, cross-linking and degradation. During this process, collagen fragments or neoepitopes, are released into the circulation. The significance of these circulating collagen neoepitopes in sarcoidosis remains unknown.

Topical Agents in Biofilm Disaggregation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: to evaluate the effectiveness of different topical agents in biofilm disaggregation during non-surgical periodontal therapy. : the search strategy was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 on Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science, and it was registered in PROSPERO, ID: CRD42023474232. It included studies comparing non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) with and without the application of topical agents for biofilm disruption.

Designing Ionic Ir(III) Cyclometalated Complexes as Photocatalysts for Light Assisted ATRP of MMA. A Combined Experimental and Mechanistic Study.

A new family of ionic Ir(III) cyclometalated complexes with general formula [Ir(CN)(NN)][Br], was designed and prepared to be assessed as photocalysts for the visible light assisted ATRP polymerization of MMA. To this purpose, our design strategy involved both: i) the decoration of the cyclometalating (CN) and the ancillary (NN) ligands with various electron withdrawing and/or electron donor substituents and, ii) the use of Br as the counter anion for these cationic Ir(III) species. After an extensive screening in which the [Ir(CN)(NN)][Br]-type compounds were compared to the model neutral complex fac-[Ir(ppy)], the "fully" amino-substituted ion pairs abbreviated as [10][Br] and [11][Br], exhibited the best photocatalytic performances under irradiation with CFL lamps.

Trapping an unprecedented octacoordinated iron(II) complex with neutral bis-tetrazolylpyridyl ligands and solvent molecules.

Iron(II) can show a very rich coordination chemistry with concomitant modulation of its properties as promising functional materials. Metalation of the neutral tridentate nitrogen-donor -coordinating ligand 2,6-bis(2-(methyl)-2-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine (Mebtp) with Fe(ClO)·6HO through accurate solvent polarity control enables the selective crystallization of [Fe(Mebtp)](ClO)·MeCN·2.75HO (2·MeCN·2.

Mitochondrial DNA Sensing Pathogen Recognition Receptors in Systemic Sclerosis Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Review.

Purpose Of The Review: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a condition of dermal and visceral scar formation characterized by immune dysregulation and inflammatory fibrosis. Approximately 90% of SSc patients develop interstitial lung disease (ILD), and it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Further understanding of immune-mediated fibroproliferative mechanisms has the potential to catalyze novel treatment approaches in this difficult to treat disease.

Circulating Mitochondrial DNA Is Associated With High Levels of Fatigue in Two Independent Sarcoidosis Cohorts.

Background: Patients with sarcoidosis who develop severe clinical phenotypes of pulmonary fibrosis or multiorgan disease experience debilitating symptoms, with fatigue being a common chief complaint. Studies that have investigated this patient-related outcome measure (PROM) have used the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), a self-reported questionnaire that reflects mental and physical domains. Despite extensive work, its cause is unknown and treatment options remain limited.

Co-parasitism in the face of predation: Effects of natural enemies on a neotropical mockingbird.

Co-parasitism is ubiquitous and has important consequences for the ecology and evolution of wild host populations. Studies of parasite co-infections remain limited in scope, with few experimental tests of the fitness consequences of multiple parasites, especially in natural populations. We measured the separate and combined effects of Philornis seguyi nest flies and shiny cowbirds Molothrus bonariensis on the fitness of a shared host, the chalk-browed mockingbird (Mimus saturninus) in Argentina.

Imprinting in an interspecific brood parasitic bird.

Many animals learn to recognize conspecifics after an early experience with them through sexual imprinting. For brood parasitic birds, it is not possible to develop conspecific recognition using cues provided by their foster parents. One solution is that a unique species-specific signal triggers the learning of additional aspects of the conspecific's phenotype.

Gradual changes in model shape affect egg-directed behaviours by parasitic shiny cowbirds in captivity.

Eggs are critically important for avian reproduction as all birds are oviparous. Accordingly, the recognition and care of own eggs represent the cornerstones of avian breeding, whereas the elimination of foreign objects, including brood-parasitic eggs and non-egg items from the nest are known to also increase fitness by refocusing incubation effort on the parents' own eggs. But egg recognition also plays a role in some avian obligate brood parasites' reproductive strategy through the pecking of already present eggs in the hosts' clutch to reduce nestmate competition with the parasite's own hatchling.

Prenatal Clinical Findings in -Related Capillary Malformation-Arteriovenous Malformation Syndrome.

Pathogenic variants in are typically associated with a clinical condition called "capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation" (CM-AVM) syndrome, an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by a broad phenotypic variability, even within families. In CM-AVM syndrome, multifocal capillary and arteriovenous malformations are mainly localized in the central nervous system, spine and skin. Although CM-AVM syndrome has been widely described in the literature, only 21 cases with prenatal onset of clinical features have been reported thus far.

α1 Adrenoreceptor antagonism mitigates extracellular mitochondrial DNA accumulation in lung fibrosis models and in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is increasingly associated with nerve-driven processes and endogenous innate immune ligands such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Interestingly, a connection between these entities has not been explored. Here, we report that noradrenaline (NA) derived from the lung's adrenergic nerve supply drives α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-expressing fibroblast accumulation via mechanisms involving α1 adrenoreceptors and mtDNA.

Synthesis and Stereodynamic and Emission Properties of Dissymmetric Bis-Aryl Carbazole Boranes and Identification of a CPL-Active B-C Atropisomeric Compound.

We synthesized bis-aryl carbazole borane derivatives having emissive properties and axial chirality. The resolution of a thermally stable atropisomeric pair (compound ), due to a B-C chiral axis, was achieved by chiral stationary-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (CSP-HPLC). Complete photophysical properties of all compounds were measured and simulated by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations of the complete fluorescence cycle, and circularly polarized luminescence spectra were obtained for the atropisomers of compound , whose absolute configuration was derived using a TD-DFT simulation of the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra.

The Role of Lung Ultrasound in SARS-CoV-19 Pneumonia Management.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the role of lung ultrasound (LUS) in the diagnosis and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, by comparing it with High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT). Patients and methods: All consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalized in COVID Centers were enrolled. LUS and HRCT were carried out on all patients by expert operators within 48−72 h of admission.

Nephrobronchial fistula a case report and review of the literature.

Nephrobronchial fistula is an extremely rare complications of renal infections. We present a case of nephrobronchial fistula in a middle age immunocompetent woman who complained cough and weight loss, with underlying asymptomatic nephrolithiasis. She underwent a chest X-ray that showed left lower lobe infiltrate and abdominal ultrasound.

Decision-making at the time of parasitism: cowbirds prefer to peck eggs with weaker shells.

Interspecific avian brood parasites, like cuckoos and cowbirds, lay their eggs in nests of other species, the hosts, which take over the entire parental care of the parasite's eggs and chicks. This breeding strategy requires decisions that may affect the parasite's reproductive success. During the breeding season, cowbirds search for host nests and revisit them to monitor its progress and parasitize at the time host laying begins.

How to build a puncture- and breakage-resistant eggshell? Mechanical and structural analyses of avian brood parasites and their hosts.

Evolved eggshell strength is greater in several lineages of obligate avian brood parasites (birds that lay their eggs in other species' nests) than in their hosts. Greater strength is typically indirectly implied by eggshell thickness comparisons between parasites and hosts. Nevertheless, there is strong evidence that the eggshell structural organization differentially influences its mechanical properties.

Iatrogenic superior vena cava syndrome with concomitant deep vein thrombosis of azygos and hemiazygos veins.

Iatrogenic superior vena cava syndrome (SVCs) represents an emergent diagnostic entity and its correlation with deep vein thrombosis is extremely rare. Recently, the increased use of indwelling lines, pacemakers and intracardiac devices has led to more cases of SVC syndrome also associated with a higher frequency of DVT. We report an unusual complication in a 74-year-old female, who has been undergoing hemodialysis via CVC for 14 years, who referred at our Emergency Department complaining of shortness of breath, headache, face and neck swelling.

Clinical application of lung ultrasound score on COVID-19 setting: a regional experience in Southern Italy.

Objective: We aimed to assess the correlation between LUS Soldati proposed score and clinical presentation, course of disease and the possible need of ventilation support/intensive care.

Patients And Methods: All consecutive patients with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalized in two COVID Centers were enrolled. All patients performed blood gas analysis and lung ultrasound (LUS) at admission.

Ultrasound of Small Bowel Obstruction: A Pictorial Review.

Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common condition requiring urgent attention that may involve surgical treatment. Imaging is essential for the diagnosis and characterization of SBO because the clinical presentation and results of laboratory tests may be nonspecific. Ultrasound is an excellent initial imaging modality for assisting physicians in the rapid and accurate diagnosis of a variety of pathologies to expedite management.

New examples of Ru(II)-tetrazolato complexes as thiocyanate-free sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells.

A set of three new Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes decorated with 5-aryl tetrazolato ligands (R-CN4)-, (D series, namely D1, D3 and D4), is presented herein. Whereas complex D1 represents the pyrazinyl tetrazolato analogue of a previously reported Ru(ii) complex (D2) with the general formula cis-[(dcbpy)2Ru(N^N)]+, in which dcbpy is 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid and N^N is the chelating 2-pyridyl tetrazolato anion, the design of the unprecedented Ru(ii) species D3 and D4 relied upon a completely different architecture. More specifically, the molecular structure of thiocyanate-based species cis-[(dcbpy)2Ru(NCS)2], that is typically found in benchmark Ru(ii) dyes for dye sensitized solar cell (DSSCs), was modified with the replacement of two of the -NCS ligands in favour of the introduction of 5-aryl tetrazolato anions, such as the deprotonated form of 5-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-tetrazole, for complex D3 and 5-(4-cyanophenyl)-1H-tetrazole in the case of complex D4.

Use of Cotton Textiles Coated by Ir(III) Tetrazole Complexes within Ceramic Silica Nanophases for Photo-Induced Self-Marker and Antibacterial Application.

This study was aimed at the production and characterization of coated cotton textiles with luminescent ceramic nanophases doped with cationic Ir(III) tetrazole complexes. We confirmed that SiO nanoparticles (NPs) do not affect the phosphorescent properties of the complexes that maintain their emission (610 and 490 nm). For the first time we transferred the luminescence feature from nanosol to textile surface, highlighting the advantages of using nanosilica as an encapsulating and stabilizing matrix.