Distinct grey and white matter changes are associated with the phenomenology of visual hallucinations in Lewy Body Disease.

Visual hallucinations in Lewy body disease (LBD) can be differentiated based on phenomenology into minor phenomena (MVH) and complex hallucinations (CVH). MVH include a variety of phenomena, such as illusions, presence and passage hallucinations occurring at early stages of LBD. The neural mechanisms of visual hallucinations are largely unknown.

Tissue factor as a potential coagulative/vascular marker in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: Recent studies supported coagulation involvement in multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory-demyelinating and degenerative disease of the central nervous system. The main objectives of this observational study were to identify the most specific pro-coagulative/vascular factors for multiple sclerosis pathogenesis and to correlate them with brain hemodynamic abnormalities.

Methods: We compared i) serum/plasma levels of complement(C)/coagulation/vascular factors, viral/microbiological assays, fat-soluble vitamins and lymphocyte count among people with multiple sclerosis sampled in a clinical remission (=30; 23F/7M, 40 ± 8.

Pituitary T1 signal intensity at magnetic resonance imaging is reduced in patients with obesity: results from the CHIASM study.

Background: Despite obesity being well known to be associated with several pituitary hormone imbalances, pituitary appearance in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with obesity is understudied.

Objective: To evaluate the pituitary volume and signal intensity at MRI in patients with obesity.

Methods: This is a prospective study performed in an endocrine Italian referral center (ClinicalTrial.

Q-raKtion: A Semiautomated KNIME Workflow for Bioactivity Data Points Curation.

The recent increase of bioactivity data freely available to the scientific community and stored as activity data points in chemogenomic repositories provides a huge amount of ready-to-use information to support the development of predictive models. However, the benefits provided by the availability of such a vast amount of accessible information are strongly counteracted by the lack of uniformity and consistency of data from multiple sources, requiring a process of integration and harmonization. While different automated pipelines for processing and assessing chemical data have emerged in the last years, the curation of bioactivity data points is a less investigated topic, with useful concepts provided but no tangible tools available.

A Hypothalamic Mechanism Regulates the Duration of a Migraine Attack: Insights from Microstructural and Temporal Complexity of Cortical Functional Networks Analysis.

The role of the hypothalamus and the limbic system at the onset of a migraine attack has recently received significant interest. We analyzed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters of the entire hypothalamus and its subregions in 15 patients during a spontaneous migraine attack and in 20 control subjects. We also estimated the non-linear measure resting-state functional MRI BOLD signal's complexity using Higuchi fractal dimension (FD) and correlated DTI/fMRI findings with patients' clinical characteristics.

A Quantitative Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Grading System, Including Supratentorial and Infratentorial Cisterns, With Multiplanar Computed Tomography Reformations.

Background Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) grading scales typically evaluate a limited number of cisterns on the axial plane. The goal of our study is to apply a simple quantitative yet comprehensive SAH grading scale to all major intracranial cisterns, including the infratentorial cisterns, with multiplanar computed tomography (CT) reformations. Methodology We performed a retrospective review of 94 consecutive cases of spontaneous SAH presenting within 72 hours of onset.

Temporal trends in vena cava filter implantation in public health system inpatients: an 11-year analysis of the largest city in Brazil.

Background: Vena cava filter implantation is considered a simple procedure, which can lead to overuse and over-indication. It is nevertheless associated with short and long-term complications.

Objectives: The goals of this study were to evaluate rates of vena cava filter implantation conducted by Brazil's Unified Public Health System, analyzing in-hospital mortality and migration of patients from other cities seeking medical attention in São Paulo.

Magnetic Resonance Angiography After Flow Diversion: The Use of Complementary Magnetic Resonance Angiography Techniques to Monitor Aneurysm Occlusion and Device and Arterial Branch Patency After Flow Diverter Placement.

Background: Few studies have evaluated flow diversion with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Studies have shown better success of MRA in assessing the aneurysm response, but limited success in assessing stent patency. The patency of arterial branches on MRA remains to be explored.

Multiplanar CT evaluation of aneurysm rupture signs in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Purpose: In subarachnoid hemorrhage, noncontrast CT features are used to guide the localization of ruptured aneurysms on CT angiography and DSA. Multiplanar CT may improve the localization of aneurysm rupture sites over axial plane CT alone.

Methods: Multiplanar CT in three orthogonal planes was used to evaluate 94 cases of SAH.

Thalamo-cortical networks in subtypes of migraine with aura patients.

Background: We searched for differences in resting-state functional connectivity (FC) between brain networks and its relationship with the microstructure of the thalamus between migraine with pure visual auras (MA), and migraine with complex neurological auras (MA+), i.e. with the addition of at least one of sensory or language symptom.

Coagulation/Complement Activation and Cerebral Hypoperfusion in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with an underlying immune-mediated and inflammatory pathogenesis. Innate immunity, in addition to the adaptive immune system, plays a relevant role in MS pathogenesis. It represents the immediate non-specific defense against infections through the intrinsic effector mechanism "immunothrombosis" linking inflammation and coagulation.

fMRI in Bell's Palsy: Cortical Activation is Associated with Clinical Status in the Acute and Recovery Phases.

Background And Purpose: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we explored cortical activation in patients with acute Bell's palsy (BP) and analyzed its correlates with clinical status in the acute phase, and with 6-month outcome.

Methods: Twenty-four right-handed patients with acute BP within 15 days of onset and 24 healthy controls underwent fMRI during performance of unilateral active (hemi-smiling) and passive lip movement tasks with both the paretic and the normal lip. The degree of paresis was evaluated during the acute stage and at the 6-month follow up using the House-Brackmann (HB) grading scale.

Haemodynamic activity characterization of resting state networks by fractal analysis and thalamocortical morphofunctional integrity in chronic migraine.

Background: Chronic migraine (CM) can be associated with aberrant long-range connectivity of MRI-derived resting-state networks (RSNs). Here, we investigated how the fractal dimension (FD) of blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) activity may be used to estimate the complexity of RSNs, reflecting flexibility and/or efficiency in information processing in CM patients respect to healthy controls (HC).

Methods: Resting-state MRI data were collected from 20 untreated CM without history of medication overuse and 20 HC.

The Relationships Between Vitamin K and Cognition: A Review of Current Evidence.

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble nutrient discovered in 1935 and its role in blood coagulation has been thoroughly explored. In recent years, studies conducted and on animals highlighted vitamin K involvement in brain cells development and survival. In particular, vitamin K seems to have an antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effect mediated by the activation of Growth Arrest Specific Gene 6 and Protein S.

Metastases to extraocular muscles from breast cancer: case report and up-to-date review of the literature.

Background: Unilateral or bilateral metastases to extraocular muscles are very rare in breast cancer.

Case Presentation: We describe a case of inferior rectus extraocular muscle involved by ductal luminal B/Her-2 neu negative breast cancer, observed in a cohort of 580 patients. Our patient had received chemotherapy and hormonal therapy (tamoxifen for 3 years and letrozole in the following 3 years) for her primary cancer and developed an orbital metastasis while she was under aromatase inhibitor-based therapy.

A cross-sectional study investigating frequency and features of definitely diagnosed diabetic painful polyneuropathy.

This cross-sectional multicentre study aimed at investigating frequency and features of painful diabetic polyneuropathy. We consecutively enrolled 816 patients attending hospital diabetic outpatient clinics. We first definitely diagnosed diabetic polyneuropathy and pure small-fibre polyneuropathy using clinical examination, nerve conduction study, and skin biopsy or quantitative sensory testing.

Resting state functional thalamic connectivity abnormalities in patients with post-stroke sleep apnoea: a pilot case-control study.

Objective: Sleep apnoea is common after stroke, and has adverse effects on the clinical outcome of affected cases. Its pathophysiological mechanisms are only partially known. Increases in brain connectivity after stroke might influence networks involved in arousal modulation and breathing control.