PAlliative Care in chronic Kidney diSease: the PACKS study--quality of life, decision making, costs and impact on carers in people managed without dialysis.

Background: The number of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease opting for conservative management rather than dialysis is unknown but likely to be growing as increasingly frail patients with advanced renal disease present to renal services. Conservative kidney management includes ongoing medical input and support from a multidisciplinary team. There is limited evidence concerning patient and carer experience of this choice.

Indicators of pulmonary exacerbation in cystic fibrosis: A Delphi survey of patients and health professionals.

Background: There is uncertainty about the most important indicators of pulmonary exacerbations in CF.

Methods: Two parallel Delphi surveys in 13 CF centres (UK and Ireland). Delphi 1: 31 adults with CF, ≥ one exacerbation over 12 months.