Targeted thoracic ultrasonography shows high diagnostic potential for interstitial pneumonia in feedyard cattle.

Objective: To use a novel approach of targeted thoracic point-of-care ultrasound (TT-POCUS) of the caudodorsal right lung to determine potential associations between TT-POCUS measurements and the presence of interstitial pneumonia (IP) in feedyard cattle.

Methods: Cross-sectional study evaluated feedyard animals (n = 62; 358.4 ± 10.

Differences in Emotion Expression, Suppression, and Cardiovascular Consequences Between Black and White Americans in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Study.

Objective: Recent theoretical work suggests that the expression of emotions may differ among Black and White Americans, such that Black Americans engage more frequently in expressive suppression to regulate emotions and avoid conflict. Prior work has linked expressive suppression usage with increases in cardiovascular disease risk, suggesting that racialized differences in expressive suppression usage may be one mechanism by which racism "gets under the skin" and creates health disparities.

Method: To examine racialized differences in expressive suppression and blood pressure (a measure of cardiovascular disease risk), we used self-report and facial electromyography (fEMG) data from two cohorts of Black and White Americans from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) longitudinal study (MIDUS 2, n = 271, 34.

Purpose in life as a resilience factor for brain health: diffusion MRI findings from the Midlife in the U.S. study.

Introduction: A greater sense of purpose in life is associated with several health benefits relevant for active aging, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We evaluated if purpose in life was associated with indices of brain health.

Methods: We examined data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Neuroscience Project.

Disseminated and concurrent localized dermal phaeohyphomycosis in an immunosuppressed dog.

Key Clinical Message: We report on a dog with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) treated with immunomodulatory therapy that developed phaeohyphomycosis and infections. This is the first reported case of in dogs. It details cytological and microbiological findings leading to diagnosis and highlights the importance of investigating new lesions in immunocompromised patients.

Resting EEG Periodic and Aperiodic Components Predict Cognitive Decline Over 10 Years.

Measures of intrinsic brain function at rest show promise as predictors of cognitive decline in humans, including EEG metrics such as individual α peak frequency (IAPF) and the aperiodic exponent, reflecting the strongest frequency of α oscillations and the relative balance of excitatory/inhibitory neural activity, respectively. Both IAPF and the aperiodic exponent decrease with age and have been associated with worse executive function and working memory. However, few studies have jointly examined their associations with cognitive function, and none have examined their association with longitudinal cognitive decline rather than cross-sectional impairment.

Removing barriers to accessing medical cannabis for paediatric patients.

Medical cannabis (MC) may offer therapeutic benefits for children with complex neurological conditions and chronic diseases. In Canada, parents, and caregivers frequently report encountering barriers when accessing MC for their children. These include negative preconceived notions about risks and benefits, challenges connecting with a knowledgeable healthcare provider (HCP), the high cost of MC products, and navigating MC product shortages.

Test-retest reliability of spectral parameterization by 1/f characterization using SpecParam.

SpecParam (formally known as FOOOF) allows for the refined measurements of electroencephalography periodic and aperiodic activity, and potentially provides a non-invasive measurement of excitation: inhibition balance. However, little is known about the psychometric properties of this technique. This is integral for understanding the usefulness of SpecParam as a tool to determine differences in measurements of cognitive function, and electroencephalography activity.

Medication-invariant resting aperiodic and periodic neural activity in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) has been associated with greater total power in canonical frequency bands (i.e., alpha, beta) of the resting electroencephalogram (EEG).

Exploring the impact of virtual SPIKES training on genetic counselors' confidence to deliver difficult news.

Delivering difficult news is a common occurrence in genetic counseling. This is evidenced by widespread instruction among genetic counseling programs. There is a disconnect in the confidence level of being able to deliver difficult news (DDN) following educational training across healthcare disciplines.

There is a party in my head and no one is invited: Resting-state electrocortical activity and solitude.

Objective: What are the motivational underpinnings of solitude? We know from self-report studies that increases in solitude are associated with drops in approach motivation and rises in avoidance motivation, but only when solitude is experienced as non-self-determined (i.e., non-autonomous).

Resting EEG Periodic and Aperiodic Components Predict Cognitive Decline Over 10 Years.

Measures of intrinsic brain function at rest show promise as predictors of cognitive decline in humans, including EEG metrics such as individual alpha peak frequency (IAPF) and the aperiodic exponent, reflecting the strongest frequency of alpha oscillations and the relative balance of excitatory:inhibitory neural activity, respectively. Both IAPF and the aperiodic exponent decrease with age and have been associated with worse executive function and working memory. However, few studies have jointly examined their associations with cognitive function, and none have examined their association with longitudinal cognitive decline rather than cross-sectional impairment.

Joint species distribution models with imperfect detection for high-dimensional spatial data.

Determining the spatial distributions of species and communities is a key task in ecology and conservation efforts. Joint species distribution models are a fundamental tool in community ecology that use multi-species detection-nondetection data to estimate species distributions and biodiversity metrics. The analysis of such data is complicated by residual correlations between species, imperfect detection, and spatial autocorrelation.

Bigram semantic distance as an index of continuous semantic flow in natural language: Theory, tools, and applications.

Much of our understanding of word meaning has been informed through studies of single words. High-dimensional semantic space models have recently proven instrumental in elucidating connections words. Here we show how bigram semantic distance can yield novel insights into conceptual cohesion and topic flow when computed over continuous language samples.

Determining Frequency of Common Pulmonary Gross and Histopathological Findings in Feedyard Fatalities.

Pulmonary disease is often associated with feedlot cattle mortality, and the most common syndromes include bronchopneumonia, acute interstitial pneumonia, and bronchopneumonia with an interstitial pneumonia. The study objective was to utilize gross necropsy and histopathology to determine the frequency of pulmonary lesions from three major syndromes and agreement between gross and histopathological diagnosis. A cross sectional, observational study was performed at six U.

Affective Neuroscience of Loneliness: Potential Mechanisms underlying the Association between Perceived Social Isolation, Health, and Well-Being.

Loneliness, or the of social isolation, is an important social determinant of health. Loneliness is associated with poor physical health, including higher rates of cardiovascular disease and dementia, faster cognitive decline, and increased risk of mortality, as well as disruptions in mental health, including higher levels of depression, anxiety, and negative affect. Theoretical accounts suggest loneliness is a complex cognitive and emotional state characterized by increased levels of inflammation and affective disruptions.

Inverse association between stress induced cortisol elevations and negative emotional reactivity to stress in humans.

Greater cortisol reactivity to stress is often assumed to lead to heightened negative affective reactivity to stress. Conversely, a growing body of evidence demonstrates mood-protective effects of cortisol elevations in the context of acute stress. We administered a laboratory-based stressor, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), and measured cortisol and emotional reactivity in 68 adults (48 women) between the ages of 25 and 65.

Hematological and gene co-expression network analyses of high-risk beef cattle defines immunological mechanisms and biological complexes involved in bovine respiratory disease and weight gain.

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD), the leading disease complex in beef cattle production systems, remains highly elusive regarding diagnostics and disease prediction. Previous research has employed cellular and molecular techniques to describe hematological and gene expression variation that coincides with BRD development. Here, we utilized weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to leverage total gene expression patterns from cattle at arrival and generate hematological and clinical trait associations to describe mechanisms that may predict BRD development.

Highly Scalable Bayesian Geostatistical Modeling via Meshed Gaussian Processes on Partitioned Domains.

We introduce a class of scalable Bayesian hierarchical models for the analysis of massive geostatistical datasets. The underlying idea combines ideas on high-dimensional geostatistics by partitioning the spatial domain and modeling the regions in the partition using a sparsity-inducing directed acyclic graph (DAG). We extend the model over the DAG to a well-defined spatial process, which we call the Meshed Gaussian Process (MGP).

Periodic and aperiodic contributions to theta-beta ratios across adulthood.

The ratio of fronto-central theta (4-7 Hz) to beta oscillations (13-30 Hz), known as the theta-beta ratio, is negatively correlated with attentional control, reinforcement learning, executive function, and age. Although theta-beta ratios have been found to decrease with age in adolescents and young adults, theta has been found to increase with age in older adults. Moreover, age-related decrease in individual alpha peak frequency and flattening of the 1/f aperiodic component may artifactually inflate the association between theta-beta ratio and age.

Integrating anti-violence efforts into sexual and reproductive health: Reproductive coercion as a case example.

Integration of anti-oppression approaches into clinical practice, including sexual and reproductive health, is needed. Reproductive coercion is a common form of violence that directly impacts sexual and reproductive health. Person-centered harm reduction strategies for reproductive coercion can be integrated readily into routine care utilizing clinicians’ existing skill set.

Septicaemic Listeriosis in a White-Faced Saki (Pithecia pithecia).

A 27-year-old female white-faced saki (Pithecia pithecia) died following an onset of vomiting and ptyalism. Necropsy revealed lesions of suppurative ventriculitis, choroid plexitis, periventricular encephalitis and meningitis with intralesional gram-positive coccobacilli and paired rods. The saki also had suppurative to mononuclear hepatitis, mild intestinal crypt necrosis, proliferative glomerulonephritis, aortic arteriosclerosis, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, chronic mild epicarditis, ovarian medullary arteriopathy and a focal superficial cerebral fibrotic nodule with surrounding chronic mixed cell inflammation.

Semantic flow and its relation to controlled semantic retrieval deficits in the narrative production of people with aphasia.

Aphasia has had a profound influence on our understanding of how language is instantiated within the human brain. Historically, aphasia has yielded an in vivo model for elucidating the effects of impaired lexical-semantic access on language comprehension and production. Aphasiology has focused intensively on single word dissociations.

Ecological forecasting of tree growth: Regional fusion of tree-ring and forest inventory data to quantify drivers and characterize uncertainty.

Robust ecological forecasting of tree growth under future climate conditions is critical to anticipate future forest carbon storage and flux. Here, we apply three ingredients of ecological forecasting that are key to improving forecast skill: data fusion, confronting model predictions with new data, and partitioning forecast uncertainty. Specifically, we present the first fusion of tree-ring and forest inventory data within a Bayesian state-space model at a multi-site, regional scale, focusing on Pinus ponderosa var.