Using a Social Network Approach to Characterize Oral Health Behavior Social Support Among Mexican-Origin Young Adults.

Using a social network approach, we characterize who Mexican-origin young adults perceive as social support sources for oral health behaviors and provide additional validity evidence for Oral Health Behavior Social Support Scales (OHBSS). From April to September 2022, we gathered social network data from 62 Mexican-origin adults (21-40 years old) through Zoom interviews about their perceived received social support for three oral health behaviors (toothbrushing, flossing, and obtaining dental care) from three potential sources of support (family, health providers, and others/friends). Overall, we found similar results across all three oral health behaviors.

Psychosocial Determinants of Poor Dental Attendance Among Young Mexican-Identifying Adults in California.

Objective: Engagement in preventive dental care is a complex health behaviour and is determined by multiple factors. The study aimed to understand the association of psychosocial determinants with poor dental attendance.

Methods: Survey data from 333 Mexican-identifying adults in California aged 21-40-year were analysed.

A Comparative Analysis of Oral Health and Self-Rated Health: 'All of Us Research Program' vs. 'Health and Retirement Study'.

Poor oral health can impact overall health. This study assessed the association between dental factors (dentate status and dental utilization) and self-rated health (S-RH) among older adults in two cross-sectional datasets: (1) NIH "All of Us (AoU) Research Program" (May 2018-July 2022 release) and (2) U.S.

Loneliness and low life satisfaction associated with older adults' poor oral health.

Objective: To examine the association of older adults' loneliness, life satisfaction, and other psychological stressors and resources with oral health status.

Methods: This study merged 2018 data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) CORE survey with the HRS-Dental Module, and Psychosocial and Lifestyle Questionnaire-Panel A "Leave Behind" surveys (HRS-LB)( = 418). Dental Module outcomes of interest were self-rated oral health status (SROH), and oral health-related quality of life (OHQOL).

Unmet need for medication for opioid use disorder among persons who inject drugs in 23 U.S. cities.

Background: Persons who inject drugs (PWID) are at increased risk of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and premature mortality due to drug overdose. Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), such as methadone or buprenorphine, reduces injecting behaviors, HIV and HCV transmission, and mortality from opioid overdose. Using data from National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, we evaluated the unmet need for MOUD among PWID in 23 U.

Overview and Methodology of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Among Transgender Women - Seven Urban Areas, United States, 2019-2020.

Transgender women, especially transgender women of color, are disproportionately affected by HIV. However, no surveillance system collects data on HIV risk factors among this population. To address this gap, CDC developed a surveillance system entitled National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Among Transgender Women (NHBS-Trans) to assess behavioral and contextual data through systematic biobehavioral surveillance to monitor behavioral risk factors, prevention usage, and HIV prevalence among transgender women.

Using the Expanded Andersen Model to Determine Factors Associated with Mexican Adolescents' Utilization of Dental Services.

Many factors contribute as facilitators of or barriers to adolescents' use of dental services. Guided by the expanded Andersen model for dental service utilization, the aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the use of dental services among adolescents ages 12-16 in south Mexico City ( = 247). Adolescents answered a questionnaire on predisposing factors (age and gender), enabling factors (socioeconomic status, oral health support, parental years of education, and previous dental treatments), and psychosocial and behavioral factors (attitudes towards oral health; knowledge of gingivitis; alcohol, drug, and tobacco use; and depressive symptoms), and they underwent a visual clinical exam to determine their need factors (caries and gingivitis).

Aging Out of Dependent Coverage and Health Insurance Trends, 2014-2019.

Objective: To examine changes in health insurance coverage when adults age out of dependent coverage at age 26 after the implementation of most Affordable Care Act (ACA) provisions. Our analysis also documented differences by sex, race and ethnicity, and state Medicaid expansion status.

Methods: We used a regression discontinuity design and the 2014-2019 American Community Survey to estimate coverage changes (uninsured, any private, employer-sponsored coverage, direct purchase, and Medicaid) at age 26.

Association between maternal decision-making and mental health and the nutritional status of children under 6 years of age in sub-urban Nigeria.

Background: We assessed the association between decision-making power and mental health status of mothers and the nutritional status of their children less than 6 years old in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Methods: This was a secondary data analysis of 1549 mother-child dyads collected through a household survey conducted between December 2019 and January 2020. The independent variables were maternal decision-making and mental health status (general anxiety, depressive symptoms, parental stress).

Edentulism Predicts Cognitive Decline in the US Health and Retirement Cohort Study.

This longitudinal cohort study examines if 1) cognitive decline varies by birth cohort, adjusting for covariates, and 2) edentulism and nonuse of dental care predict 10-y cognitive decline (2008-2018). The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) features a representative sample of US adults over age 50. Eligibility criteria included having cognitive interview data available and responding to the question, "Have you lost all of your upper and lower natural permanent teeth?" at 2+ time points between 2006 and 2018.

A Key Comprehensive System for Biobehavioral Surveillance of Populations Disproportionately Affected by HIV (National HIV Behavioral Surveillance): Cross-sectional Survey Study.

Background: The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) is a comprehensive system for biobehavioral surveillance conducted since 2003 in 3 populations disproportionately affected by HIV: gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM); people who inject drugs; and heterosexually active persons at increased risk for HIV infection (HET). This ongoing and systematic collection and analysis of data is needed to identify baseline prevalence of behavioral risk factors and prevention service use, as well as to measure progress toward meeting HIV prevention goals among key populations disproportionately affected by HIV.

Objective: This manuscript provides an overview of NHBS from 2003 to 2019.

Acculturation and Dental Care-Related Anxiety: An Exploratory Assessment from the Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos.

This study aimed to determine the associations between acculturation, dental anxiety, and dental utilization among Hispanics/Latinos living in the US. A proxy measure of dental anxiety was available for 7539 adults who had not visited a dentist within the last year. All completed the Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics (SASH).

Association Between Medicaid Dental Payment Policies and Children's Dental Visits, Oral Health, and School Absences.

Importance: Although all state Medicaid programs cover children's dental services, less than half of publicly insured children receive recommended care.

Objective: To evaluate the association between the ratio of Medicaid payment rates to dentist charges for an index of services (fee ratio) and children's preventive dental visits, oral health, and school absences.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this cross-sectional study, a difference-in-differences analysis was conducted between September 2021 and April 2022 of 15 738 Medicaid-enrolled children and a control group of 16 867 privately insured children aged 6 to 17 years who participated in the 2016-2019 National Survey of Children's Health.

Prediction Model Development and Validation of 12-Year Incident Edentulism of Older Adults in the United States.

Introduction: Edentulism affects health and quality of life.

Objectives: Identify factors that predict older adults becoming edentulous over 12 y in the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) by developing and validating a prediction model.

Methods: The HRS includes data on a representative sample of US adults aged >50 y.

Relationship Between Sexual Orientation and Human Papillomavirus-Related Oral Cancer Knowledge and Awareness.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oral cancers are increasing, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and other people with a minority sexual orientation may be disproportionately impacted. This study examined the relationship between sexual orientation and HPV-related oral cancer knowledge. Data from 10,859 adult participants in the 2017-2019 Health Information National Trends Survey 5, cycles 1-3, were obtained.

Is oral rehydration therapy associated with early childhood caries in children resident in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria?

Background: Oral rehydration therapy may increase the risk of early childhood caries (ECC) because of reduced pH in the oral environment.

Aim: To investigate associations between the use of oral rehydration therapy and the prevalence and severity of ECC in children resident in the Ife Central Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria.

Design: This observational study assessed the prevalence and severity of caries, using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) II index.

Factors Associated with Use of HIV Prevention and Health Care Among Transgender Women - Seven Urban Areas, 2019-2020.

Transgender women* are disproportionately affected by HIV. Among 1,608 transgender women who participated in CDC's National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) during 2019-2020, 42% received a positive HIV test result (1). This report provides results from seven U.

Unexpected benefits of and lessons learned from shifting to virtual focus group discussions in the BEECON trial.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many human subjects research to halt in-person activities and pivot to virtual engagement, including Focus Groups (FGs). We highlight learnings from our experience of hosting virtual FGs from our BEhavioral EConomics for Oral health iNnovation (BEECON) study focusing on oral hygiene behaviors among low-income, predominantly Hispanic families, including practical tips and potential pitfalls to avoid for researchers considering virtual engagement.

Results: There can be particular benefits to holding virtual sessions among minority parents of young children-to provide flexibility, comfort, and reduced logistical barriers for participation-while still facilitating friendly conversation with minimal distractions.

Periodontal disease and incident prediabetes and diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Aim: To examine whether baseline periodontal disease is independently associated with incident prediabetes and incident diabetes in Hispanics/Latinos in the United States.

Materials And Methods: This study examined 7827 individuals, 18-74 years of age without diabetes, from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Participants received a full-mouth periodontal examination at baseline (2008-2011), and the disease was classified using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology case definitions.

Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Disparities in Awareness of Preexposure Prophylaxis Among HIV-Negative Heterosexually Active Adults at Increased Risk for HIV Infection - 23 Urban Areas, United States, 2019.

In 2019, heterosexual sex accounted for 23% of new HIV diagnoses in the United States and six dependent areas (1). Although preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can safely reduce the risk for HIV infection among heterosexual persons, this group is underrepresented in PrEP research (2). CDC analyzed National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) data to describe PrEP awareness among heterosexually active adults in cities with high HIV prevalence.

Association between Participation in Counseling and Retention in a Buprenorphine-Assisted Treatment Program for People Experiencing Homelessness with Opioid Use Disorder.

The opioid epidemic is a public health crisis that disproportionately affects our unsheltered neighbors. Because medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is effective for preventing deaths from drug overdose and retention is associated with better health outcomes, there is a clear need for more research on factors impacting retention in care. This retrospective cohort analysis examines the relationship between attendance in counseling and retention on buprenorphine for three or more months for individuals experiencing homelessness being treated at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) and Public Health Service Act §330(h) Health Care for the Homeless Program grantee in San Diego County, California.

The Association Between Medicaid Adult Dental Coverage And Children's Oral Health.

Although all state Medicaid programs cover children's dental care, Medicaid-eligible children are more likely to experience tooth decay than children in higher-income families. Using data from the 1999-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the 2003, 2007, and 2011-12 waves of the National Survey of Children's Health, we examined the association between Medicaid adult dental coverage (an optional benefit) and children's oral health. Adult dental coverage was associated with a statistically significant 5-percentage-point reduction in the prevalence of untreated caries among children after Medicaid-enrolled adults had access to coverage for at least one year.

HIV Infection and HIV-Associated Behaviors Among Persons Who Inject Drugs - 23 Metropolitan Statistical Areas, United States, 2018.

In the United States, 10% of HIV infections diagnosed in 2018 were attributed to unsafe injection drug use or male-to-male sexual contact among persons who inject drugs (PWID) (1). In 2017, among PWID or men who have sex with men and who inject drugs (MSM-ID), 76% of those who received a diagnosis of HIV infection lived in urban areas* (2). To monitor the prevalence of HIV infection and associated behaviors among persons who reported injecting drugs in the past 12 months, including MSM-ID, CDC's National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) conducts interviews and HIV testing among populations of persons at high risk for HIV infection (MSM, PWID, and heterosexually active adults at increased risk for HIV infection) in selected metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) (3).

Epidemiological profile of early childhood caries in a sub-urban population in Nigeria.

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and severity of early childhood caries (ECC) in children 6-71-months; identify the teeth most at risk for ECC; and identify risk indicators associated with significant caries index (SiC) score in different age groups.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that collected data (using a household survey) on the ECC risk indicators (frequency of tooth brushing, consumption of refined carbohydrate in-between-meals, daily use of fluoridated toothpaste, and dental service utilization in the 12 months) in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. We computed the prevalence of ECC using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDASI (d)) index; caries severity using the ICDAS-2(d) and ICDAS-3(d) for non-cavitated and cavitated lesions respectively, decayed missing, filled teeth (dmft), and surfaces (dmfs) and SiC indices; and caries complications using the pulp (p), ulceration (u), fistula (f) and abscesses (a) (pufa) index, for children 6-11-months-old, 12-23-months-old, 23-35-months-old, 35-47-months-old; 48-59-months-old and 60-71-months-old.

Black men who have sex with men living in states with HIV criminalization laws report high stigma, 23 U.S. cities, 2017.

Objectives: To examine the association between HIV laws, perceived community stigma, and behaviors and to compare differences between and within Black and White men who have sex with men (MSM).

Design/methods: National HIV Behavioral Surveillance conducted interviews and HIV testing with MSM in 23 U.S.