Virtual versus In-Person Ophthalmology Interviews: Perceptions of U.S. Ophthalmology Fellowship Applicants in 2022-2023.

 Despite easing restrictions on social distancing and travel since the beginning of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, virtual interviews remain a widely used format for ophthalmology fellowship interviews. This study aims to evaluate the relative benefits and drawbacks of in-person versus virtual interviews during a cycle where both formats were prevalent.  A prospective cross-sectional study surveyed all fellowship applicants (  = 311) who applied to Wills Eye Hospital and Bascom Palmer Eye Institute during the 2022 to 2023 application cycle.

Virtual Ophthalmology Fellowship Interviews: Perceptions of U.S. Ophthalmology Fellowship Applicants in 2020.

 This study aimed to evaluate the experiences and preferences of ophthalmology fellowship applicants utilizing a virtual interview format.  Present study is a cross-sectional study.  All fellowship applicants to Wills Eye Hospital during 2020 to 2021 application cycle were included.

Usefulness of Structured Video Indirect Ophthalmoscope-Guided Education in Improving Resident Ophthalmologist Confidence and Ability.

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of the video indirect ophthalmoscope (VIO) to improve resident ophthalmologist skill with indirect ophthalmoscopy (IO) and scleral depression (SD).

Design: Prospective, randomized, double-arm interventional study.

Participants: Ten ophthalmology residents were enrolled in an educational program using the Heine Video Omega 2C VIO (Heine USA Ltd, Dover, NH) and served as the study group.

Keratopathy, cataract, and dry eye in a survey of aniridia subjects.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of keratopathy, cataract, and dry eye in a group of individuals with aniridia.

Methods: We reviewed survey data from the Aniridia Foundation International (AFI) registry, which included 99 subjects who self-reported on corneal disease, cataract, and dry eye disease.

Results: The average age of respondents was 25.

Are survey-based estimates of the burden of drug resistant TB too low? Insight from a simulation study.

Background: The emergence of tuberculosis resistant to multiple first- and second-line antibiotics poses challenges to a global control strategy that relies on standard drug treatment regimens. Highly drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been implicated in outbreaks and have been found throughout the world; a comprehensive understanding the magnitude of this threat requires an accurate assessment of the worldwide burden of resistance. Unfortunately, in many settings where resistance is emerging, laboratory capacity is limited and estimates of the burden of resistance are obtained by performing drug sensitivity testing on a sample of incident cases rather than through the use of routine surveillance.

Exogenous re-infection and the dynamics of tuberculosis epidemics: local effects in a network model of transmission.

Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to tuberculosis (TB) disease by one of the three possible routes: primary progression after a recent infection; re-activation of a latent infection; or exogenous re-infection of a previously infected individual. Recent studies show that optimal TB control strategies may vary depending on the predominant route to disease in a specific population. It is therefore important for public health policy makers to understand the relative frequency of each type of TB within specific epidemiological scenarios.

External tufted cells in the main olfactory bulb form two distinct subpopulations.

The glomeruli of the main olfactory bulb are the first processing station of the olfactory pathway, where complex interactions occur between sensory axons, mitral cells and a variety of juxtaglomerular neurons, including external tufted cells (ETCs). Despite a number of studies characterizing ETCs, little is known about how their morphological and functional properties correspond to each other. Here we determined the active and passive electrical properties of ETCs using in vitro whole-cell recordings, and correlated them with their dendritic arborization patterns.