Results of scientific work in chemistry can usually be obtained in the form of materials and data. A big step towards transparency and reproducibility of the scientific work can be gained if scientists publish their data in research data repositories in a FAIR manner. Nevertheless, in order to make chemistry a sustainable discipline, obtaining FAIR data is insufficient and a comprehensive concept that includes preservation of materials is needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Deficits of dyadic social interaction seem to diminish social functioning in schizophrenia. However, most previous studies are of a limited ecological validity due to decontextualized experimental conditions far off from real-world interaction. In this pilot study, we thus exposed participants to a more real-world-like situation to generate new hypotheses for research and therapeutic interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe clinical presentation, organ involvement, and severity of disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic or mild infection to respiratory or multi-organ failure and, in children and young adults, the life-threatening multisystemic inflammatory disease (MIS-C). SARS-CoV-2 enters cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor (ACE-2), which is expressed on the cell surfaces of all organ systems, including the gastrointestinal tract. GI manifestations have a high prevalence in children with COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The use of drones in the health care sector is increasingly being discussed against the background of the aging population and the growing shortage of skilled workers. In particular, the use of drones to provide medication in rural areas could bring advantages for the care of people with and without a need for care. However, there are hardly any data available that focus on the interaction between humans and drones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this article, we present a novel one-pot mechanochemical reaction for the surface activation of lignin. The process involves environmentally friendly oxidation with hydrogen peroxide, depolymerization of fractions with high molecular mass, and introduction of new carbonyl functions into the lignin backbone. Kraft lignin was ground with sodium percarbonate and sodium hydroxide in a ball mill at different time intervals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetoclopramide is indicated for the management of gastroesophageal reflux, gastric stasis, nausea, and vomiting. Metoclopramide-induced acute dystonic reactions (MIADRs), along with repetitive involuntary protrusion of the tongue, are well-known phenomena in children and young adults that may appear after the first dose. The drug is primarily metabolized via oxidation by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6 and to a lesser extent by CYP3A4 and CYP1A2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHere, we describe how to synthesise proton-conductive transition metal phosphates (TMPs) by direct thermal processing of precursor M-struvites, NHMPO·6HO, with M = Ni, Co. In the as-derived TMP phases their thermal history and bulk proton conductivity were linked with the structural information about the metal coordination, phosphate groups, and volatile compounds. These aspects were investigated with vibrational and synchrotron-based spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, FT-RS, XAS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The current COVID-19 pandemic, demographic trends, and the increasing shortage of skilled workers pose major challenges for the care of people with and without care needs. The potential of drones as unmanned aerial vehicles in health care is being discussed as an effective innovative way of delivering much-needed medicines, especially in rural areas. Although the advantages are well known, the needs of the users have not yet been taken into account.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft colloidal macromolecular structures with programmable chemical functionalities, size, and shape are important building blocks for the fabrication of catalyst systems and adaptive biomaterials for tissue engineering. However, the development of the easy upscalable and template-free synthesis methods to obtain such colloids lack in understanding of molecular interactions that occur in the formation mechanisms of polymer colloids. Herein, a computer simulation-driven experimental synthesis approach based on the supramolecular self-assembly followed by polymerization of tailored pyrazole-modified monomers is developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTitanium(III) and titanium(IV) formate complexes supported by the sterically encumbering tris(phenolato)amine ligand (H(ON) = tris(4,6-di--butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)amine) are described. Salt metathesis of the chlorido precursor [(ON)TiCl] (1-Cl) with sodium formate in a 2 : 1 ratio in THF gave a dimer of sodium dititanium triformate units with 12-membered ring [Na{(ON)Ti}(μ-OCHO-η:η')] (3-Na) when crystallized from acetonitrile. Complex 3-Na was also prepared by reacting the previously reported terminal formate complex [(ON)Ti(OCHO)] (2) with excess sodium formate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report a 3-kW thin-disk laser with 80% optical efficiency employing zero-phonon line pumping at 970 nm. A detailed comparison to conventional pumping at 940 nm is provided, which shows almost twice the pump power density handling capability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCatalytically active copper bis(pyrazolyl)methane complexes have been anchored into pVCL-GMA microgels on specified positions within the microgel network. Functionalized microgels act as nanoreactors providing a tailored environment and stabilization for the copper complexes thus increasing the product yield. The oxidation of benzyl alcohols to their respective aldehydes was chosen as a test reaction to show the enhancement of catalytic activity due to the immobilization of the copper complex compared to the copper salt and the molecular copper complex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPyrophosphate (PPi), a byproduct of macromolecule biosynthesis is maintained at low levels by soluble inorganic pyrophosphatases (sPPase) found in all eukaryotes. In plants, H-pumping pyrophosphatases (H-PPase) convert the substantial energy present in PPi into an electrochemical gradient. We show here, that both cold- and heat stress sensitivity of mutants lacking the major H-PPase isoform AVP1 is correlated with reduced SUMOylation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe electron-transfer abilities of the copper guanidinoquinoline (GUAqu) complexes [Cu(TMGqu) ] and [Cu(DMEGqu) ] (TMGqu=tetramethylguanidinoquinoline, DMEGqu=dimethylethylguanidinoquinoline) were examined in different solvents. The determination of the electron self-exchange rate based on the Marcus theory reveals the highest electron-transfer rate of copper complexes with pure N-donor ligands (k =1.2×10 s m in propionitrile).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA universal fast and easy access at room temperature to transparent sols of nanoscopic Eu and Tb doped CaF, SrF and BaF particles via the fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis route is presented. Monodisperse quasi-spherical nanoparticles with sizes of 3-20 nm are obtained with up to 40% rare earth doping showing red or green luminescence. In the beginning luminescence quenching effects are only observed for the highest content, which demonstrates the unique and outstanding properties of these materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Since the early 1990s, three consecutive pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) trials have been performed in Austria (AML-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) 93, AML-BFM 98, and AML-BFM 2004) in close cooperation with the international BFM study center. Herein, we review the pertinent patient characteristics, therapy, and outcome data.
Patients And Methods: From January 1993 to April 2013, 249 children and adolescents (193 protocol patients) diagnosed with AML were enrolled in the three BFM studies.
Vacuoles are multifunctional organelles essential for the sessile lifestyle of plants. Despite their central functions in cell growth, storage, and detoxification, knowledge about mechanisms underlying their biogenesis and associated protein trafficking pathways remains limited. Here, we show that in meristematic cells of the Arabidopsis thaliana root, biogenesis of vacuoles as well as the trafficking of sterols and of two major tonoplast proteins, the vacuolar H(+)-pyrophosphatase and the vacuolar H(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase, occurs independently of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi and post-Golgi trafficking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra
January 2013
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated with severe cognitive decline, but it is still unclear to what extent they become functionally more similar over time.
Methods: We compared amnestic mild cognitively impaired (aMCI; n = 29) patients to mild cognitively impaired (MCI) PD patients (n = 25), and patients with AD (n = 34) to patients with PD dementia (PDD; n = 15) with respect to cognitive functioning and mood.
Results: aMCI patients were impaired in episodic memory, while MCI PD patients showed deficits in visuoconstruction and attention.
Introduction: Adaptation to changing situations can be mediated by two strategies: (1) Evaluation of a response and (2) Evaluation of outcome values in relation to objects. Previous studies indicate that response shifting is associated with a network comprising the left frontal cortex and parietal cortex connected by the superior longitudinal fascicle, whereas outcome evaluation is associated with a network consisting of the orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala and uncinate fascicle. However, these studies rarely compared both kinds of adaptation directly and existing fMRI studies with healthy subjects are not informative about the role of the two fiber systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMelanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with fast progression and early dissemination mediated by the melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) protein. Here, we discovered that dimerization of MIA is required for functional activity through mutagenesis of MIA which showed the correlation between dimerization and functional activity. We subsequently identified the dodecapeptide AR71, which prevents MIA dimerization and thereby acts as a MIA inhibitor.
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