Differential diagnosis and management of renovascular hypertension through nuclear medicine techniques.

Identification of patients with renovascular hypertension (RVH) among the larger group of patients with essential hypertension has been aided by a wide variety of in vitro and in vivo nuclear medicine procedures. The most valuable in vitro procedure remains the radioimmunoassay (RIA) for renin activity obtained from individual renal vein catheterization studies. Lateralizing renin activity provides valuable prognostic information about the likelihood for surgical cure of RVH.

Asymmetrical growth of scalp hair in syringomyelia.

Trophic alterations in the skin take place consequent to interruption of its motor, sensory, and autonomic innervation. The hair in denervated areas is often less abundant and grows more slowly. Syringomyelia is a common cause of cutaneous trophic alterations that are often unilateral.

A prospective evaluation of field categorization of trauma patients.

We prospectively evaluated the efficacy of comprehensive field triage in 8,891 trauma patients transported to trauma centers in Dade County, Florida, over a 1-year period ending in September 1986. There were 5,685 males (63.9%) and 3,206 females (36.

Fraley's syndrome: case report and update on current diagnostic methods.

A 38-year-old woman presented with fever, right flank pain, and a clinical diagnosis of pyelonephritis. Work-up revealed the presence of a crossing arterial branch causing obstruction of the superior infundibulum of the right kidney, which is an uncommon cause of nephralgia and urinary infection initially described by Fraley in 1966. Intravenous urography, retrograde pyelography, and angiography remain the mainstay of diagnosis, much as in the initial descriptions of this entity.

Parathyroid imaging: its current status and future role.

The management of autonomous (primary or tertiary) hyperparathyroidism is controversial for two important reasons: (1) Diagnosis of primary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism (as distinct from reactive or secondary hyperparathyroidism) has been revolutionized in the past 20 years as a result of routine inclusion of serum calcium concentration assays in serum multiautomated analysis, now obtained routinely for both hospitalized as well as ambulatory patients. The prevalence of primary hyperparathyroidism in the general population has appeared to rise as a consequence of this assay and the enhanced detection of this disease. This situation has confused the management of hyperparathyroidism since most patients now present with asymptomatic disease, and the need for surgical treatment is controversial in asymptomatic individuals.

Measurement of effective renal plasma flow: a comparison of methods.

We have compared two in vitro methods and three variations of kidney background (BG) subtraction within a gamma camera method (41 examinations, 31 patients) for determination of effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) using 131I orthoiodohippurate (OIH). Method I: plasma samples at 20 and 45 min after OIH injection, ERPF = dose X slope/intercept; Method II: 45-min plasma sample, ERPF = -51.1 + 8.

Preoperative localization of lesions of the parathyroid gland using thallium-technetium scintiscanning.

Double tracer scanning of the neck after injection of thallium-210 and technetium pertechnetate was performed upon 33 patients with biochemically proved hyperparathyroidism operated upon during the past 14 months. Operative findings were correlated with the scans. Twenty-two of 29 single lesions of the parathyroid gland were successfully localized.

Complications of cardiac resuscitation.

In a prospective study of the complications of cardiac resuscitation, 705 cases were autopsied to identify the cause of death and the pathologic findings attributable to cardiac resuscitation. Thoracic complications were observed in 42.7 percent of the cases.

Plasmodium falciparum-inhibitory monoclonal antibodies produced by human hybridomas.

Stable human hybridomas were generated that produced inhibitory anti-Plasmodium falciparum monoclonal antibodies. Peripheral blood lymphocytes, obtained from adults in Liberia, a malaria endemic area, were immortalized with Epstein-Barr virus and then fused with KR4, a human, lymphoblastoid cell line. Stable hybridomas that produced anti-P.

"Dose/duration effect" relationship between alcohol consumption and cerebral atrophy: a psychological and neuroradiological evaluation.

The purpose of this study was to assess the occurrence of brain atrophy in alcoholic patients as measured by two methods--psychological testing and CAT scanning. The study focused upon the relationships between gross cerebral atrophy and two variables which are considered to be major determinants in the development of brain damage. The variables are (1) the quantity-frequency of alcohol intake, and (2) the duration of problematic drinking.

DUI offenders presenting with positive blood alcohol levels at presentencing evaluation.

Breathalyzer tests were administered to 500 DUI offenders on the day that they arrived for their scheduled presentencing psychosocial evaluations. Positive blood alcohol levels were found in 132 (26.4%) of the offenders.

Localization of protective 143/140 kDa antigens of Plasmodium knowlesi by the use of antibodies and ultracryomicrotomy.

Immune sera from mice immunized with the 143/140 kDa protein have been shown to partially block erythrocyte invasion by P. knowlesi merozoites. Therefore, immunoelectron microscopy utilizing ultracryomicrotomy, antibody to 143/140 kDa protein, and protein A gold particles were used to determine the precise localization of this protein in malarial parasites.

Alcoholism and skin disease.

One hundred and one patients who met criteria for alcoholism were evaluated for dermatologic signs. There were 98 men and 3 women, with an average age of 40.85 years; 40 were white and 61 black.

Halazepam in the management of acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

Eighty patients admitted to a specialized alcohol detoxification unit, who had blood alcohol levels of .15% or less and were not currently intoxicated, participated in a double-blind trial involving treatment with either halazepam or chlordiazepoxide. A flexible dosage schedule was followed for 5 days with the objective of using the largest dose on the first day, followed by daily reductions as clinically feasible.

Personality characteristics and drinking patterns of high-risk drivers never apprehended for driving while intoxicated.

In a study of 124 high-risk drivers, almost 50% of the drives had a severe problem with alcohol and were driving without a valid license. The findings indicate that high-risk drivers, not identified as drinking drivers, are as potentially a threat to public health as those individuals arrested for driving while intoxicated. It is recommended that intervention programs for high-risk drivers cannot ignore alcohol education and, where appropriate, alcohol treatment as an identifiable programmatic strategy.

Ultrastructural localization of protective antigens of Plasmodium yoelii merozoites by the use of monoclonal antibodies and ultrathin cryomicrotomy.

The production of two hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies (MAb), both of which react specifically with erythrocytic merozoites of Plasmodium yoelii in the indirect immunofluorescence assay, has been reported earlier. MAb 25.77 was reactive with a localized region within each merozoite, while MAb 25.