Entomological investigation after an outbreak of dengue at the riverside of Rio Doce, Espírito Santo State, Brazil.

Background: In 2019, a dengue outbreak involving Aedes albopictus occurred in a rural area of Espírito Santo, Brazil, motivating our study in Sooretama and Linhares.

Methods: We set traps to sample immature mosquito larvae at 40 sites, with weekly inspections from July 2022 to January 2023. Adult specimens were collected monthly at 19 sites, each collection lasting 15 min.

Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii infected by Plasmodium in the Atlantic Forest indicates that the malaria transmission cycle is maintained even after howler monkeys' population decline.

The Atlantic Forests outside of the Amazon region in Brazil are low-frequency malaria hotspots. The disease behaves as a zoonosis maintained by nonhuman primates (NHPs), especially howler monkeys. Between 2016 and 2018, Brazil witnessed the largest yellow fever outbreak since 1980, resulting in massive declines in these NHP populations.

Atlantic Forest Malaria: A Review of More than 20 Years of Epidemiological Investigation.

In the south and southeast regions of Brazil, cases of malaria occur outside the endemic Amazon region near the Atlantic Forest in some coastal states, where is the recognized parasite. Characteristics of cases and vectors, especially , raise the hypothesis of a zoonosis with simians as reservoirs. The present review aims to report on investigations of the disease over a 23-year period.

Assessment of asymptomatic Plasmodium spp. infection by detection of parasite DNA in residents of an extra-Amazonian region of Brazil.

Background: The hypotheses put forward to explain the malaria transmission cycle in extra-Amazonian Brazil, an area of very low malaria incidence, are based on either a zoonotic scenario involving simian malaria, or a scenario in which asymptomatic carriers play an important role.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of asymptomatic infection by detecting Plasmodium spp. DNA and its role in residual malaria transmission in a non-Amazonian region of Brazil.

Reassessment of asymptomatic carriers of Plasmodium spp. in an endemic area with a very low incidence of malaria in extra-Amazonian Brazil.

Background: Regions with residual transmission are potential obstacles to the elimination of malaria. It is, therefore, essential to understand the factors associated with the maintenance of endemic malaria in these areas. The objective was to investigate whether the status of asymptomatic carriers of Plasmodium spp.