Selected Risk Factors of Falls in Hospitalized Patients: A Case-Control Study.

Theory: Patients falls have a multifactorial character and typically have multiple causalities.

Goal: The goal of the study was to identify risk factors for falls of hospitalized patients.

Methodology: This was a case-control study.

Aetiology, antifungal susceptibility, risk factors and outcome in 201 fungaemic children: data from a 12-year prospective national study from Slovakia.

A total of 201 cases of fungaemia in children in a 12-year national survey from seven University Paediatric Clinics in Slovakia in 1990-2001 was assessed to determine risk factors, therapy and outcome, and to compare those cases with fungaemia in 130 adult cancer patients studied in a similar survey. Four univariate analyses were performed to assess differences in aetiology, antifungal susceptibility and outcome between fungaemia in neonates and paediatric intensive care unit (ICU) patients as well as between paediatric and adult cancer patients with fungaemia. There was a significant difference in aetiology and antifungal susceptibility between the subgroups of children with fungaemia: 83.

Ciprofloxacin in treatment of nosocomial meningitis in neonates and in infants: report of 12 cases and review.

Twelve cases of neonatal and infant nosocomial meningitis treated with intravenous ciprofloxacin in doses of 10 to 60 mg/kg/day are described. Four neonates were 21 to 28 days old and eight infants were 2 to 6 months old. Six presented with Gram-negative meningitis: Escherichia coli (2), Salmonella enteritidis (1), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (1), two with two organisms, and (H.

Nosocomial meningitis in children after ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion.

This study reviews 33 cases of ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) meningitis among 415 children after 540 shunt insertions within 8 y, in 9 paediatric intensive care units from 5 centres in Slovakia. The incidence of VPS meningitis was 6.3% per insertion.

Prospective study of nosocomial fungal meningitis in children--report of 10 cases.

Within an 8-year period, 10 cases of fungal nosocomial meningitis in children 0-13 y old were prospectively identified, 3 caused by yeasts other than Candida spp. (Rhodotorula rubra, Aureobasidium mansoni, Clavispora lusitaniae) and 7 by Candida albicans. Seven patients survived.

Candida fungemia in neonates treated with fluconazole: report of forty cases, including eight with meningitis.

Purpose Of The Study: To assess efficacy and safety of fluconazole in neonates with Candida fungemia.

Study Design: Multicenter prospective protocol of all fungemias appearing between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 1997, in four major university hospitals.

Results: Forty neonates, 28 of them with very low birth weight (<1500 g; 30.

[Toxocara infections in childhood in relation to reactive arthritis].

Reactive arthritis belongs to a group of rheumatoid diseases known as seronegative spondylarthritis or spondarthropathies. Of many reactive arthritis-evoking agents, the authors focused on larval toxocarosis. The authors describe a child with high anti-Toxocara antibody and circulating antigen titres in combination with acute Chlamydia infection, which may have caused reactive arthritis in this immunologically impaired organism.

Fimbriation, surface hydrophobicity and serum resistance in uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli.

A total of 80 Escherichia coli strains were examined for expression of P-fimbriae, mannose-sensitive haemagglutination (MSHA) and mannose-resistant haemagglutination (MRHA) of human group A erythrocytes and guinea pig erythrocytes, cell surface hydrophobicity and resistance to serum bactericidal activity. Isolates were obtained from urine of children and adults, either with acute pyelonephritis (n = 15 and n 12) or lower urinary tract infection (UTI) (n = 30 and n = 23, respectively). Results obtained showed that, in E.

Virulence-associated factors in Escherichia coli strains isolated from children with urinary tract infections.

One hundred and sixty-eight strains of Escherichia coli were isolated from cases of pyelonephritis (24) and lower urinary tract infections (UTI) (144) from hospitalised and outpatient children up to 2 years old. These strains were investigated for the expression of P fimbriae (PF), mannose-resistant and mannose-sensitive haemagglutination, cell-surface hydrophobicity, serum resistance and the production of alpha-haemolysin (AH), colicins and aerobactin. PF, AH, aerobactin production and serum resistance were significantly more frequent amongst strains expressing mannose-resistant haemagglutination.

[Increased immune response in broilers after administration of natural food supplements].

The trial involved broilers from the 4th to the 56th day of life. The first group P1 (n = 30) received commercial mashes with supplements of 0.5% biomass of freshwater algae (Chlorella vulgaris).

[Present possibilities of improving the diagnosis of glomerular erythrocyturia].

Examination of glomerular erythrocyturia which proved useful in the differential diagnosis of haematuria faces in practice two serious problems--the necessity to examine fresh urine and differences as regards the interpretation of criteria of glomerular erythrocyturia (from 10 to 80%). The authors examined therefore the morphology of erythrocytes in urine of 65 children with different causes of haematuria, incl. 35 patients with different forms of glomerulonephritis.

[Are dietetic and non-immunologic therapies becoming deciding factors in the treatment of autoimmune diseases?].

Authors call attention to non-immunological therapy and its determining role for fate and final prognosis in patients with autoimmune diseases. A stress importance of the timely and rigorous antihypertensive and antiinfectious treatment. From the dietary measures is best known favourable effect of the low protein diet and pharmacological limitation of the phosphorus supply.

[New views on the pathophysiology of the nephrotic syndrome].

The authors draw attention to new pathophysiological aspects of some symptoms of the nephrotic syndrome (NS), in particular proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia and oedema. In proteinuria they focus attention on the formation of a new population of heteropores in severe morphological forms of NS with penetration of high molecular proteins into urine. In hypoalbuminaemia the authors emphasize the importance of an inadequately increased albumin synthesis in the liver.