Hepatic involvement in perinatal asphyxia.

Background: The pathogenetic mechanisms of hepatic injury in perinatal asphyxia (PNA) are similar to those in ischemic hepatitis, yet liver involvement is currently not considered a component of multi-organ failure in PNA.

Methods: A retrospective study was done on 56 newborns with PNA. Hepatocyte injury was diagnosed based on elevated serum alanine transaminase level (>100 U/L, twice upper normal) with subsequent normalization.

Effect of feeding type on the efficacy of phototherapy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of phototherapy for nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia and rebound bilirubin levels in breast-fed newborns as compared with mixed-fed (breast milk and formula) newborns.

Study Design/setting: Prospective study of effects of feeding type on response to phototherapy in newborns.

Methods: The subjects were 53 full-term healthy newborns with nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia [defined as total serum bilirubin 12 mg/dL (205.

Early onset conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in newborn infants.

Objectives: To determine the causes and related outcomes of early onset conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in a group of newborn infants and to determine the incidence of sepsis in these neonates.

Methods: The charts of 42 babies with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: The mean gestational age was 37 weeks and the mean postnatal age at presentation was 10 days.

Extreme hyperbilirubinemia in newborn infants.

This study was undertaken to determine the frequency and investigate the etiology of extreme hyperbilirubinemia (total serum bilirubin [TSB]>or=25 mg/dL [428 micromol/L]) in newborns admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in southern Turkey. The charts of 93 term and near-term infants admitted with TSB levels of 25 mg/dL (428 micromol/L) or greater in the first 30 days after birth were retrospectively reviewed. During the 4.

Effect of perinatal factors on time of first stool passage in preterm newborns: An open, prospective study.

Background: Delayed passage of first stool by a newborn after birth might be an initial sign of clinical problems, such as meconium ileus, meconium plug syndrome, and intestinal atresia. Successful treatment of these conditions depends on early diagnosis, so it is imperative to note the time of first stool passage.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the timing of first stool passage by preterm newborns in relation to antenatal exposure to magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) and a glucocorticoid (betamethasone) and to other perinatal factors, such as gestational age, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and time of first enteral feeding.

Serum pro-hepcidin levels and relationships with iron parameters in healthy preterm and term newborns.

A recently isolated peptide hormone, hepcidin, is thought to be the principal regulator of iron homeostasis. Hepcidin acts by limiting intestinal iron absorption and promoting iron retention in reticuloendothelial cells. Its precursor peptide form is called pro-hepcidin.

Fatal course of ABO hemolytic disease associated with hydrops in a twin pregnancy.

Hydrops fetalis associated with ABO incompatibility is an extremely rare condition. We report twin infants both afflicted with significant ABO hemolytic disease but showing different degrees of clinical severity, in which fatal hydrops developed in one of the twins. Hemolysis due to ABO incompatibility is usually difficult to diagnose.

Role of HOXA7 to HOXA13 and PBX1 genes in various forms of MRKH syndrome (congenital absence of uterus and vagina).

The Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome refers to the congenital absence or severe hypoplasia of the female genital tract, often described as uterovaginal aplasia which is the prime feature of the syndrome. It is the second cause of primary amenorrhea after gonadal dysgenesis and occurs in approximately 1 in 4500 women. Aetiology of this syndrome remains poorly understood.

Weight loss and hypernatremia in breast-fed babies: frequency in neonates with non-hemolytic jaundice.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine what proportion of newborns admitted with idiopathic non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia exhibit severe weight loss and hypernatremia.

Methods: The prospective study involved 115 infants >48 h old who were admitted with jaundice between July 2002 and July 2003, and had unconjugated bilirubin levels >12 mg/dL. Premature babies (gestational age <37 weeks) and those with hemolytic jaundice and other pathologic causes of non-hemolytic jaundice were excluded.

Glycosaminoglycans in childhood urinary tract infections.

It has been suggested that urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) form a natural defense mechanism against urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study investigated whether urinary GAGs play a role in pediatric UTIs, and whether urinary GAG level can be used to differentiate upper UTI from lower UTI. Forty-one children with UTIs (33 girls and eight boys; mean age 5.

Relationship between serum bilirubin and coagulation test results in 1-month-old infants.

Objective: Although the connection between cholestasis and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia is well known, mild hepatic dysfunction or cholestasis may also be associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in some infants with prolonged jaundice. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum bilirubin levels and alanine aminotransferase levels, aspartate aminotransferase levels, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and international normalization ratio findings in a group of infants.

Methods: The study included 77 healthy, term, breast-fed infants with jaundice and 56 age-matched, healthy, term, non-jaundiced controls.

Relationship between serum bilirubin and coagulation test results in 1-month-old infants.

Objective: Although the connection between cholestasis and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia is well known, mild hepatic dysfunction or cholestasis may also be associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in some infants with prolonged jaundice. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum bilirubin levels and alanine aminotransferase levels, asparte aminotransferase levels, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and international normalization ratio findings in a group of infants.

Methods: The study included 77 healthy, term, breast-fed infants with jaundice and 56 age-matched, healthy, term, non-jaundiced controls.

Bilateral calcifications in the basal ganglia, and frontal and parietal lobes of a patient with coeliac disease.

Previous authors have described a specific syndrome of coeliac disease, bilateral cerebral calcifications and epileptic seizures. We report a 4-year-old boy with coeliac disease who had bilateral calcifications in the basal ganglia and frontal and parietal lobes, but did not exhibit epileptic seizures.

Absent pulmonary valve syndrome diagnosed by fetal echocardiography.

Prenatal echocardiographic diagnosis of heart defects is important because it permits counseling of the parents with regard to prognosis and treatment options and prepares the medical team for the treatment postnatally. A male infant with absent pulmonary valve syndrome diagnosed prenatally at 22 weeks' gestation is reported. This congenital anomaly is characterized by absent or rudimentary pulmonary valve cusps, conoventricular septal defect, and massive dilatation of the pulmonary arteries.

Influence of feeding formula and breast milk fortifier on lymphocyte subsets in very low birth weight premature newborns.

Background: It is well known that breast-feeding protects the newborn from infectious diseases. This is especially important for very low birth weight preterm infants, whose immune systems are immature. In this study we investigated how a milk fortifier and replacement formula affected lymphocyte subsets in preterm infants.

Serum bilirubin levels in 1-month-old, healthy, term infants from southern Turkey.

This study investigated bilirubin levels in 282 1-month-old, healthy, term infants from the Adana region in southern Turkey. Total bilirubin was > 5 mg/dl in 20.2% of the infants and > 10 mg/dl in 6% of the group.