Acquired multiple coronary artery fistulas: a rare complication of congenital heart surgery in a child diagnosed with right heart valve endocarditis.

Majority of coronary artery fistulas are of the congenital origin, and they have been rarely reported after congenital heart surgery. Here, we present echocardiographic images and prognosis of multiple acquired coronary artery fistulas occurring after surgical myectomy in a child diagnosed with double-chamber right ventricle complicated with infective endocarditis involving the right heart valves.

Echocardiographic Findings in Children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome from Initial Presentation to the First Years after Discharge.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate clinical and echocardiographic features of the children diag- nosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection and determine early and mid-term cardiovascular outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 38 children who were diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in our hospital between November 2020 and November 2021. Cardiovascular evaluations were performed during hospitalization, at the first, the second, and the third months after discharge, and then cardiac evaluation was repeated at 3-month intervals until a median of 24 weeks (range: 9-56 weeks).

A rare complication of Behçet's disease in a 12-year-old girl: a large intracardiac thrombosis.

Behcet's disease is a multi-systemic inflammatory disease with a clinical spectrum as a triple complex of recurrent oral, genital ulcers, and uveitis. Cardiac involvement in patients with Behcet's disease is extremely rare and often associated with poor prognosis. Behcet's disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of right ventricular mass especially in young adults, even there is no typical clinical features of Behcet's disease.

The serial changes in myocardial functions after paediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in myocardial functions in children who underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation along with associated chemotherapy. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of baseline echocardiographic parameters on mortality. We evaluated 39 patients (mean age 7.

"Triangular QRS-ST-T waveform ECG pattern" during SARS-CoV-2 infection in a paediatric case with multiple comorbidities.

Triangular QRS-ST-T waveform electrocardiography pattern, so-called "shark fin sign," is a rare and highly mortal electrocardiography finding, which usually occurs in adult patients with coronary occlusion. Here, we reported the first paediatric case occurring in a striking "triangular waveform electrocardiography pattern" due to myocarditis during COVID-19 infection.

A newborn with aortico-left ventricular tunnel mimicking sinus of valsalva aneurysm.

Aortico-left ventricular tunnel (ALVT) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly and constitutes less than 0.1% of all congenital cardiac defects (1). ALVT is described as an abnormal connection between the ascending aorta and the left ventricle which originates commonly above the right sinus of valsalva.

Effects of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Treatment on Heart Muscle in Patients with Infantile Spasm.

Background and aim Infantile spasm (IS) is a common epileptic syndrome of childhood epilepsies. The most effective treatment for IS is adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). We hypothesized that ACTH treatment might change myocardial systolic and diastolic performance and cause cardiovascular side effects.

Heart rate variability in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Başaran Ö, Çetin İİ, Aydın F, Uncu N, Çakar N, Ekici F, Çelikel Acar B. Heart rate variability in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Turk J Pediatr 2019; 61: 733-740.

Effects of vagus nerve stimulation on heart rate variability in children with epilepsy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on heart rate variability (HRV) in children with epilepsy.

Methods: The subgroups of HRV, namely time domain (Standard deviation of NN interval (SDNN), SDNN index, Standard deviation of the averages of NN intervals (SDANN), Root mean square of successive differences (RMMSD), Adjacent NN intervals differing by more than 50 ms in the entire recording divided by the total number of all NN intervals (PNN50), triangular index) and frequency domain (Low-frequency (LF), High-frequency (HF), LF/HF), were investigated in 20 pediatric patients before and after 6 and 12months of VNS treatment during day and night by comparing their data with those of 20 control subjects. In addition, subgroups of age, epilepsy duration and localization, and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were also evaluated if they had further effects on basal HRV levels.

The pre-participation screening in young athletes: which protocol do we need exactly?

The aim was to assess the utility and feasibility of a comprehensive cardiac screening protocol in young athletes before participation in sports. A total of 380 athletes referring before participation in sports, between April, 2014 and April, 2015, were included in this study. The mean age was 12.

Premature Coronary Artery Disease due to Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia in a 12-Year-Old Girl.

Background: Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is a rare inherited metabolic disease caused by low-density lipoprotein receptor abnormality. Patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia have an increased risk of cardiovascular complication that usually occurs in the first decade of life. Here, we report a 12-year-old girl with an unpredicted presentation for coronary artery disease and found to have homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.

Elasticity of ascending aorta and left ventricular myocardial functions in children with bicuspid aortic valve.

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the aortic elasticity parameters (EPs) and myocardial function in children with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). Additionally, we evaluated the effect of aortic leaflet phenotype (ALP) and aortic dilatation on elasticity parameters.

Methods: Sixty-two children diagnosed with isolated BAV (mean age 9.

Clinical impact and efficacy of bedside echocardiography on patient management in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs): A prospective study.

Objective: To determine the indication and necessity of echocardiographic assessment and therapeutic interventions in critically ill children.

Methods: A total of 140 children, including 75 mechanically ventilated (MV) and 65 spontaneously breathing (SB) children, who were admitted consecutively from March to August 2013 were evaluated prospectively. Data regarding the indication for echocardiography and therapeutic approaches used were documented.

Assessment of tumors in children with tuberous sclerosis: a single centre's experience.

Aim: As a result of mutations in TSC1 (9q34) and TSC2 (16p13.3) tumor supressor genes, the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTor) signaling pathway is overactivated in patients with tuberous sclerosis. Abnormal cell proliferation and differentiation is responsible for the growth several different tumors.

Brugada-Phenocopy Induced by Propafenone Overdose and Successful Treatment: A Case Report.

Background: Brugada syndrome is an inherited arrhythmogenic disease that may cause sudden cardiac death due to ventricular fibrillation in young adults. Brugada syndrome caused by propafenone intoxication has been noted rarely in the literature. We report a rare case, Brugada phenocopy due to propafenone intoxication and its treatment.

Assessment of left ventricular functions and myocardial iron load with tissue Doppler and speckle tracking echocardiography and T2* MRI in patients with β-thalassemia major.

Background: The purpose of this study is to determine early myocardial dysfunction in β-thalassemia major (BTM) patients. Where the myocardial dysfunction cannot be detected by conventional echocardiography, it could be detected by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) or speckle tracking echocardiography (STE).

Methods: In this study, we analyzed 60 individuals, 30 of whom were BTM patients and the other 30 of whom were the control group.

The association of consumptive hypothyroidism secondary to hepatic hemangioma and severe heart failure in infancy.

Although hemangiomas are the most common vascular tumors of the liver in infancy, data regarding hypothyroidism and heart failure related to hepatic hemangiomas are limited. Here, we present a 15- day -old girl who presented with prolonged jaundice at the age of 15 days. Because her TSH level was found to be 74 μIU/mL, she was initially diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism and L-Thyroxine replacement therapy was initiated.

The efficacy and safety of naproxen in acute rheumatic fever: The comparative results of 11-year experience with acetylsalicylic acid and naproxen.

The objective was to compare the efficacy and safety of naproxen (NXN) to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in the treatment of acute rheumatic fever (ARF). The data of 338 children were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were grouped according to joint and valve involvement and also drug chosen [methyl prednisolone (mPSL), ASA or NXN].

Decreased Deformation in Asymptomatic Children with Isolated Left Ventricular Non-compaction and Normal Ejection Fraction.

Echocardiography is the mainstay of screening and disease surveillance in isolated left ventricular non-compaction (iLVNC). The aim of our study is to determine the early regional and global myocardial functional changes and whether the myocardial changes that cannot be detected by conventional echocardiography could be detected by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) or two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) in iLVNC cases without symptoms. Longitudinal and circumferential strain (S) and strain rates (SR) as determined by STE in 20 children aged 12.

Evaluation of cardiotoxicity by tissue Doppler imaging in childhood leukemia survivors treated with low-dose anthracycline.

Improvement in long-term survival in patients with acute childhood leukemia has led to the need for monitorization of chemotherapy-related morbidity and mortality. This study included 60 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia that were in remission for at least 2 years and 30 healthy controls. Systolic and diastolic function of myocardium was evaluated using conventional echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging of the left ventricle, interventricular septum and right ventricle.

Intracardiac thrombus in children: the fine equilibrium between the risk and the benefit.

The medical records of 16 patients diagnosed as intracardiac thrombus were searched. The size, location and outcome of thrombus together with demographic data of patients were assessed. The median age of the patients was 2.