Positive Effects of Melatonin on Renal Nitric Oxide-Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Metabolism in Fructose-Fed Rats.

The incidence of metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide and this is mainly attributed to high carbohydrate intake, especially of fructose, and sedentary lifestyles. Nitric oxide (NO), which is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes, is a crucial molecule for endothelial and renal health. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is the most potent inhibitor of NOS and it is degraded by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH).

Investigation of the effect of intracolonic melatonin gel formulation on acetic acid-induced colitis.

The aims of the present study were to develop a colon-specific gel formulation of melatonin with sodium alginate and to evaluate its in vitro characteristics and intracolonic performance on oxidative stress parameters, such as nitric oxide (NOx), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels in rats with acetic acid-induced colitis. The melatonin-alginate gel formulations were prepared and their physico-pharmaceutical properties were determined. Formulation M5, which contained 3% of sodium alginate and 20% polyethylene glycol, was used for in vivo studies.

Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen and Preconditioning on Wound Healing in Colonic Anastomoses.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and HBO preconditioning (pre-HBO) on experimental wound healing and tensile strength in the colonic anastomosis of rats.

Materials And Methods: A total of 21 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three random groups of equal numbers: sham operation, pre-HBO, and HBO. Sham group was given standard left colon resection and end-to-end anastomosis; pre-HBO group received HBO as one dose + colonic resection + anastomosis; HBO group was given colonic resection + anastomosis + HBO.

Beneficial effects of melatonin on serum nitric oxide, homocysteine, and ADMA levels in fructose-fed rats.

Context: Melatonin, a pineal hormone and a potent antioxidant, has important roles in metabolic regulation.

Objective: This study investigated serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), homocysteine (Hcy), nitric oxide (NO) levels, known to be reliable markers of cardiovascular diseases, and determined possible protective effects of melatonin in fructose-fed rats.

Materials And Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control, fructose, melatonin, and fructose plus melatonin.

The effect of surgical and chemical denervation on ischaemia/reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle.

Introduction: Denervation decreases skeletal muscle's energy needs and alters its metabolism and circulation. Our study was designed in two stages to investigate the effects of surgical and chemical denervation on the ischaemia/reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle. Degenerative histological analysis, apoptosis scoring and tissue levels of malonyl-di-aldehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide end products (NOx) were studied to understand the extent of ischaemia/reperfusion injury of skeletal muscles.

Effect of taurine on brain 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine levels in endotoxemia.

Taurine is a sulfur-containing β-amino acid that is found in milimolar concentrations in most mammalian tissues and plasma. It was shown to have cytoprotective effects in many in vitro and in vivo studies and these actions are often attributed to an antioxidant mechanism. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of acute taurine administration on endotoxin-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress in brain.

Effects of taurine on nitric oxide and 3-nitrotyrosine levels in spleen during endotoxemia.

Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a free sulfur-containing β-amino acid which has antioxidant, antiinflammatory and detoxificant properties. In the present study, the role of endotoxemia on peroxynitrite formation via 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) detection, and the possible antioxidant effect of taurine in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated guinea pigs were aimed. 40 adult male guinea pigs were divided into four groups; control, endotoxemia, taurine and taurine+endotoxemia.

Role of neutrophils in arginine-asymmetric dimethylarginine pathway subsequent to endotoxemia.

There is a striking correlation between nitric oxide (NO) production and myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity accession in various tissues after endotoxemia. Both arginine-NO and arginine-asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) pathways have been recognized to play critical roles during infection and inflammation. We investigated whether there is a link between MPO-mediated nitrating pathway and arginine-ADMA pathway after endotoxemia in liver.

The relationship between taurine and 3-nitrotyrosine level of hepatocytes in experimental endotoxemia.

It has been proposed that taurine may function as an oxidant in a dose-dependent manner in vivo and in vitro. The present study was carried out to investigate the relationship between taurine concentration and 3-nitrotyrosine level, a stable marker of peroxynitrite action, in hepatocytes of guinea pig in endotoxemia before and after taurine administration. The levels of taurine and 3-nitrotyrosine were measured by HPLC method.