Changes in Expression of Key Genes in Ceca of Chicken Broilers as Affected by Glyphosate, Antibiotics and a Coccidiostat.

Studies have shown the presence of residual amounts of the herbicide glyphosate in poultry feed, which leads to its bioaccumulation in the body. Recently, it has been established that exposure to low levels of glyphosate over a long period may have serious negative effects on poultry health. Moreover, combined exposure to several toxicants can potentially lead to additive and/or synergistic effects.

Assessing the Risk of Spreading and Its Toxins Within the Dairy Farm.

currently constitutes a major pathogen of the gastrointestinal tract, which poses a significant growing burden on medicine and veterinary medicine in many regions. A farm was assessed (feed table, silage pit, and feces (healthy animals, emaciated animals, and animals with mastitis)) for the presence of toxins using the PCR method and for the microbiome in cow feed and feces using NGS technology, one month apart. toxin A and binary toxin were detected in feed samples.

Magnetoelectric effects in magnetic films with alternating magnetic anisotropy: the emergence and stability of Bloch points.

Magnetic topological states are a subject of intense investigation due to their potential for advancing scalable logic and information storage technologies. In this article, we investigate topological defects in magnetic films, focusing on Bloch point-like singularities in magnetization distribution with significant implications for magnetoelectric and ferroelectric properties. We explore exchange-coupled ferromagnetic films composed of alternating magnetic layers with distinct in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy.

Probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics in modulating the intestinal microbiota and performance of broiler chickens.

Aims: Gut bacteria play an important role in poultry nutrition and the immune defense system. Changes in the intestinal microbiome affect the physiological state, metabolism, and innate immunity of poultry. The present study aimed to characterize age-related changes in the gastrointestinal tract microflora in broiler chickens, depending on supplementation of the diet with the in-feed antibiotic Stafac® 110 and a Bacillus subtilis strain-based probiotic.

Investigating adverse effects of chronic dietary exposure to herbicide glyphosate on zootechnical characteristics and clinical, biochemical and immunological blood parameters in broiler chickens.

Although the herbicide glyphosate is widely used globally and considered safe, more evidence of its adverse effects on animals and humans is accumulating. The present investigation was aimed at evaluating the impact of different glyphosate concentrations on zootechnical characteristics and clinical, biochemical and immunological blood parameters in Ross 308 broiler chickens. Four groups were employed, including untreated control and three experimental groups fed diets enriched with glyphosate at doses of 10, 20 and 100 ppm that conformed to 0.

The structure and functional profile of ruminal microbiota in young and adult reindeers () consuming natural winter-spring and summer-autumn seasonal diets.

Background: The key natural area of Russian reindeer (, Nenets breed) is arctic zones, with severe climatic conditions and scarce feed resources, especially in the cold winter season. The adaptation of reindeer to these conditions is associated not only with the genetic potential of the animal itself. The rumen microbiome provides significant assistance in adapting animals to difficult conditions by participating in the fiber digestion.

The Comparative Analysis of the Ruminal Bacterial Population in Reindeer ( L.) from the Russian Arctic Zone: Regional and Seasonal Effects.

The reindeer ( L.) is a unique animal inhabitant of arctic regions. Low ambient temperatures and scant diets (primarily, lichens) have resulted in different evolutional adaptations, including the composition of the ruminal microbiota.

Effects of Essential Oils-Based Supplement and Infection on Gene Expression, Blood Parameters, Cecal Microbiome, and Egg Production in Laying Hens.

One of the main roles in poultry resistance to infections caused by is attributed to host immunity and intestinal microbiota. We conducted an experiment that involved challenging Lohmann White laying hens with Enteritidis (SE), feeding them a diet supplemented with an EOs-based phytobiotic Intebio. At 1 and 7 days post-inoculation, the expression profiles of eight genes related to immunity, transport of nutrients in the intestine, and metabolism were examined.

Examination of the Expression of Immunity Genes and Bacterial Profiles in the Caecum of Growing Chickens Infected with Enteritidis and Fed a Phytobiotic.

This study was performed to investigate the differential expression of eight immunity genes and the bacterial profiles in the caecum of growing chickens challenged with serovar Enteritidis (SE) at 1 and 23 days post inoculation (dpi) in response to SE infection at 19 days of age and administration of the phytobiotic Intebio. Following infection, the genes and were upregulated by greater than twofold. Chicks fed Intebio showed at 1 dpi upregulation of , , , and .

Broiler Cecal Microbiocenoses Depending on Mixed Fodder.

Molecular genetic techniques (NGS sequencing and quantitative PCR) were used to determine the composition of the cecal bacterial community of broiler chickens fed with different mixed fodder. The Cecal microbiome exhibited taxonomic diversity, with both typical inhabitants of avian intestine belonging to the families Clostridiaceae, Eubacteriaceae, and Lactobacillaceae and to the phylum Bacteroidetes, and new un- identified taxa, as well as bacteria of the families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, which were previ- ously considered restricted to the rumen microflora. Contrary to traditional concepts, enterococci and bi- fidobacteria were among the minor components of the community, lactate-fermenting species were absent, and typical avian pathogens of the genus Staphylococcus were detected but seldom.

Metagenomic bacterial community profiles of chicken embryo gastrointestinal tract by using T-RFLP analysis.

Thirty microbial phylotypes of microorganisms were found in the gastrointestinal tract of chicken belonging to the Hajseks White breed, and 38 phylotypes were found in the gastrointestinal tract of chicken belonging to the Hajseks Brown breed. The microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract of the chicken embryos of the Hajseks White breed was dominated by the typical representatives of avian intestinal microflora--bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae (47.3%), orders Actinomycetales (13.

[Vitamin C status of inhabitants of the Gomel region].

The carried out research of vitamin C status of 250 young people 17-20 years old constantly living in region of the periodic radioactive control of the Gomel region of Republic Byelorussia have shown, that in the spring the vitamin C deficiency is observed at more than 55% examined, and autumn this parameter is reduced approximately on 20%. The vitamin C provision of the women is slightly higher, than one of men. The vitaminization of the population within 1 month by polyvitaminic complexes results in twofold reduction of number examined with vitamin deficiency.

[The effect of a new hypolipemic preparation fluvastatin (Lescol) on rheological indices and hemostatic parameters].

In view of inducing action of hyperlipidemia on progression of nephropathy and relationships between thrombogenesis, atherogenesis and sclerosis, the authors examined fluvastatin effects on platelet-rheological hemostasis. The 12-week course in a dose 20-40 mg/ day produced minimal side effects while its hypolipidemic action was noticeable: a 18, 21 and 20% fall in concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, respectively. The platelet rheology underwent the following changes: spontaneous platelet aggregation went down from 2.

[The occurrence of unusual chaetotaxy in III--IV instar larvae of blood-sucking mosquitoes from the genus Aedes].

Larval material on the Aedes mosquitoes of the complex punctor (Far East expeditions in 1976-1980) was compared to material preserved in the Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences of Russia. 6 types of aberrations (presence-absence of accessory hairs on the surface of siphon, their parity, etc.) were found.

[The age-related aspects of gouty nephropathy].

The incidence of podagric nephropathy in different age groups was studied on a large populational material (41,452 persons over 30 years). The number of patients suffering from podagra was shown to increase with each decade of life. In 122 patients with podagric nephropathy, deviations in urinalyses were recorded in 80 cases (65.

[The preservation of a DNA repair disorder in continuous-line fibroblasts obtained from gout patients].

DNA repair was explored in continuous cells withdrawn from gout patients. The data obtained were compared to those on primary cells (lymphocytes) from the same patients. Two continuous lines of fibroblasts obtained from the biopsy material of patients suffering from gout were examined for stability of reparation defects on long cell passage.

[New methodologic approaches to solving the problem of determining the requirements for medical technology].

The authors analyze the main causes of the low standards of technical equipment of health institutions; substantiate the necessity of developing progressive standards of fitting out the treatment and prophylactic institutions with medical instrumentation and equipment; elucidate the principles of methodological approaches to the solution of the given problem; disclose the term "functional module" as the totality of the equipment with medical instrumentation of ward departments (reception rooms) of different profiles and subdivisions of the treatment and diagnostic services maintaining their work; describe the main stages of the designing of progressive equipment standards.

[Analysis of familial cases of gout using tests for DNA repair].

As many as 8 families suffering from gout were examined with the use of four tests for the repair of DNA damages. The criteria applied for the assessment of the reparative activity made it possible to identify in total or in different combinations the inhibition of the repair in the lymphocytes of all the probands examined. The use of 1-3 procedures revealed the repair defects in all the families, namely in the lymphocytes of the probands' relatives.

[Acute renal insufficiency in middle-aged and aged patients].

An analysis of a course of acute renal insufficiency (ARI) in middle-aged and old patients (aged over 60) is based on a follow-up of 123 patients. Attention is drawn to multifactorial development of ARI in middle-aged persons, to disturbances of water-electrolyte balance and the blood coagulation system. Various aspects of therapeutic tactics for middle-aged ARI patients are considered.

[Clinico-genealogic study of the families of multiple sclerosis patients].

The authors have received some evidence on hereditary insufficiency of nerve structures in families of multiple sclerosis patients. Interfamilial differences in defect of some nerve structures may determine individual characteristics of the clinical course of multiple sclerosis.