Yb-doped tapered double-clad fibers with polarization maintenance for half-kW power amplifiers.

Amplifying short pulses directly within a single fiber laser system has proven to be a challenging task, primarily due to thermally induced transverse mode instabilities and detrimental nonlinear effects. Another demanding aspect is preserving the linear polarization state at high power levels, which is even more pronounced for ultra-large-mode area fibers. This study demonstrates significant advancement in the direct amplification of narrow linewidth short pulses from tens of mW to several hundreds of Watts in a single-stage amplification, maintaining a high degree of linear polarization at the maximum output power.

[HEALTH AND SATISFACTION WITH THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM AS FACTORS IN THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE OLDER GENERATION OF METROPOLITAN RESIDENTS].

Unlabelled: In the context of an aging population in megacities, it is important to maintain the health and activity of older people, improving their quality of life. To do this, it is necessary to study the factors affecting longevity, including individual health characteristics and perception of the health system (accessibility, responsiveness, effectiveness, ageism).

The Purpose Of The Study: to identify an assessment of the quality of life of elderly Muscovites and the influence of factors related to health and the assessment of the health care system on it.

Topic models with elements of neural networks: investigation of stability, coherence, and determining the optimal number of topics.

Topic modeling is a widely used instrument for the analysis of large text collections. In the last few years, neural topic models and models with word embeddings have been proposed to increase the quality of topic solutions. However, these models were not extensively tested in terms of stability and interpretability.

Double-clad ytterbium-doped tapered fiber with circular birefringence as a gain medium for structured light.

Amplifying radially and azimuthally polarized beams is a significant challenge due to the instability of the complex beam shape and polarization in inhomogeneous environment. In this Letter, we demonstrated experimentally an efficient approach to directly amplify cylindrical-vector beams with axially symmetric polarization and doughnut-shaped intensity profile in a picosecond MOPA system based on a double-clad ytterbium-doped tapered fiber. To prevent polarization and beam shape distortion during amplification, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, we proposed using the spun architecture of the tapered fiber.

Convalescent Plasma for COVID-19: A Single Center Prospective Experience with Serial Antibody Measurements and Review of the Literature.

Background: High-titer convalescent plasma given early for COVID-19 may decrease progression into a severe infection. Here, we reported a study of serial antibody measurements in patients who received CP at our center and performed a systematic review of randomized trials on CP. Methods: Our center participated in the Mayo Clinic Expanded Access Program for COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma.

Proton-induced DNA damage promotes integration of foreign plasmid DNA into human genome.

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause virtually all cervical cancer cases and are also associated with other types of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Normally, HPV exists as a circular episomal DNA in the infected cell. However, in some instances, it integrates into the human genome in such a way as to enable increased expression of viral oncogenes, thereby leading to carcinogenesis.

[An integrated approach for early recovery of function in patients after fractures of the humerus in its proximal section].

Unlabelled: The frequency of fractures of the proximal humerus (PH) is 4-5% of fractures of all human bones and can reach 80% of all bone injuries of the humerus. An analysis of the long-term results of the methods used to treat fractures of the proximal humerus showed the absence of a generally accepted universal method that provides consistently good results for all variants of fractures of the PH.

Purpose Of The Study: Creation of a complex highly effective system for the treatment of PH fractures, which includes a minimally invasive method of surgical treatment using the method of cephalomedullary osteosynthesis with direct locking pins and a highly specialized program of rehabilitation measures using a biofeedback (BFB) device, which will reduce the duration of treatment and improve the results of functional recovery injured limb.

[The role of neurodegeneration biomarkers in the management of patients with diabetic retinopathy].

This literature review focuses on the role of disease biomarkers in the management of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) investigating in detail the problem of retinal neurodegeneration in such patients. Identification and assessment of the significance of qualitative and quantitative biomarkers of DR and neurodegeneration can complement screening examination, as well as help predict the course of the disease and the response to therapy. A comprehensive analysis of these factors allows for effective treatment and prevention of complications in patients with DR based on prognostic models and dynamic monitoring of these indicators.

[Modern concepts of pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy].

This literature review presents modern view on the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) paying particular attention to the molecular mechanisms leading to its development, as well as the manifestations of retinal neurodegeneration in such patients. Assessment of this condition and its clinical manifestations makes it possible to diagnose DR at the stage of absent initial vascular changes. Investigating the neurodegeneration mechanisms could supplement the existing understanding of the disease pathogenesis and could possibly help find new ways of treatment and prevention of DR.

Viscodissection with staining of epiretinal membranes in surgery of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To develop a method of viscodissection involving staining of epiretinal membranes, and to evaluate its efficacy and safety in surgical treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Material And Methods: The study included 30 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and PDR with tractional retinal detachment (TRD). All patients were divided into two groups.

Active tapered double-clad fiber with low birefringence.

We addressed the problem of a state of polarization (SOP) drift caused by heating under intense clad pumping in different types of active tapered double-clad fibers. We investigated experimentally the variations of the SOP and degree of polarization (DOP) under clad pumping in polarization-maintaining (PANDA type) and regular (non-PM) Yb-doped double-clad large mode area tapered fibers. We discovered that the birefringence of active fibers is highly dependent on the launched pump power.

Methylomes in Vegans versus Pescatarians and Nonvegetarians.

Epigenetic studies in animal models have demonstrated that diet affects gene regulation by altering methylation patterns. We interrogated methylomes in humans who have different sources of protein in their diet. We compared methylation of DNA isolated from buffy coat in 38 vegans, 41 pescatarians and 68 nonvegetarians.

DNA Methylation Profiles of Vegans and Non-Vegetarians in the Adventist Health Study-2 Cohort.

We sought to determine if DNA methylation patterns differed between vegans and non-vegetarians in the Adventist Health Study-2 cohort. Genome-wide DNA methylation derived from buffy coat was profiled in 62 vegans and 142 non-vegetarians. Using linear regression, methylation of CpG sites and genes was categorized or summarized according to various genic/intergenic regions and CpG island-related regions, as well as the promoter.

Picosecond Yb-doped tapered fiber laser system with 1.26 MW peak power and 200 W average output power.

We demonstrate a compact picosecond master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) system based on an Yb-doped polarization-maintaining double-clad tapered fiber (T-DCF) delivering pulses with over 1.26 MW peak power and average output power up to 200 W preserving near diffraction limited beam quality. The unique properties of an active tapered fiber enable to amplify the seed pulses directly with no need for applying of additional stretching technique.

Dual-polarization single-chord plasma interferometry in stellarators/torsatrons.

The well known ordinary wave based interferometry is of frequent use for plasma diagnostics in fusion facilities. With the probing direction being perpendicular to the magnetic field of the facility, the ordinary wave phase shift is proportional to the average density along the probing path at frequencies much higher than the plasma frequency of electrons. In the case of extraordinary waves, the phase shift depends on both the plasma density and the confining magnetic field.

[The indices of severity of disability because of malignant neoplasms in individuals of young age in Moscow in 2016-2018].

The article presents the results of analysis of primary and secondary disability due to malignant neoplasms among young people in Moscow in 2016-2018. The study established that in the structure of young patients recognized as disabled for the first time made up the smallest percentage with tendency of increasing the level of primary disability. The study established the predominance of people with disabilities of group II with high level of primary disability.

Single-frequency 100 ns / 0.5 mJ laser pulses from all-fiber double clad ytterbium doped tapered fiber amplifier.

High peak power, narrow linewidth sources continue to be in high demand. Fiber amplifiers are a compelling option to scale peak power of long 100-ns-pulses because of their compact size and robustness. Unfortunately, stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) limits peak power of narrow linewidth fiber sources causing instability.

Cold parenting is associated with cellular aging in offspring: A retrospective study.

Background: Early life stress is a known risk factor for diseases and premature death. We tested whether parenting style impacts telomere length (TL), a cellular aging biomarker.

Methods: Information on parents' style of parenting was obtained from 199 participants in the Adventist Health Study-1 (AHS-1) who 27+ years later also enrolled in the AHS-2 where blood was collected for relative TL (rTL) assessment.

Ultra-large core birefringent Yb-doped tapered double clad fiber for high power amplifiers.

We present a birefringent Yb-doped tapered double-clad fiber with a record core diameter of 96 µm. An impressive gain of over 38 dB was demonstrated for linearly polarized CW and pulsed sources at a wavelength of 1040 nm. For the CW regime the output power was70 W.

IRE1α inhibition decreased TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation through miR-17-5p after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in rats.

Background: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is responsible for the control of correct protein folding and protein function which is crucial for cell survival. However, under pathological conditions, such as hypoxia-ischemia (HI), there is an accumulation of unfolded proteins thereby triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR) and causing ER stress which is associated with activation of several stress sensor signaling pathways, one of them being the inositol requiring enzyme-1 alpha (IRE1α) signaling pathway. The UPR is regarded as a potential contributor to neuronal cell death and inflammation after HI.

[The factors affecting the results of mechanical jaundice management].

Aim: To improve the results of obstructive jaundice management by rational diagnostic and treatment strategies.

Material And Methods: Outcomes of 820 patients with obstructive jaundice syndrome were analyzed.

Results: Diagnostic and tactical mistakes were made at pre-hospital stage in 143 (17.

Overexpression of HPV16 E6* Alters β-Integrin and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Pathways in Cervical Cancer Cells.

Background: High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause nearly all cases of cervical cancer, as well as many types of oral and anogenital cancer. Alternative splicing increases the capacity of the HPV genome to encode the proteins necessary for successful completion of its infectious life cycle. However, the roles of these splice variants, including E6*, the smaller splice isoform of the E6 oncogene, in carcinogenesis are not clear.

Chronic oxidative stress increases the integration frequency of foreign DNA and human papillomavirus 16 in human keratinocytes.

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer, and the fourth most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Nearly all of these cases are caused by high-risk HPVs (HR HPVs), of which HPV16 is the most prevalent type. In most cervical cancer specimens, HR HPVs are found integrated into the human genome, indicating that integration is a key event in cervical tumor development.

A novel xenograft model to study the role of TSLP-induced CRLF2 signals in normal and malignant human B lymphopoiesis.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) stimulates in-vitro proliferation of human fetal B-cell precursors. However, its in-vivo role during normal human B lymphopoiesis is unknown. Genetic alterations that cause overexpression of its receptor component, cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2), lead to high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia implicating this signaling pathway in leukemogenesis.