Histopathology of renal asphyxia in newborn piglets: Individual susceptibility to tubular changes.

Aim: To analyze the effects on the kidney of hypoxia-reoxygenation in an experimental model of normocapnic asphyxia.

Methods: To this end, 40 newborn Landrace/Large-White piglets aged 1-4 d were studied in this work. Hypoxia was induced by decreasing the inspired fiO2 to 0.

The role of Levosimendan in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Although initial resuscitation from cardiac arrest (CA) has increased over the past years, long term survival rates remain dismal. Epinephrine is the vasopressor of choice in the treatment of CA. However, its efficacy has been questioned, as it has no apparent benefits for long-term survival or favorable neurologic outcome.

S100B immunoreactivity: a new marker of hypoxia-related cardiac damage in newborn piglets.

Objective: The evaluation of the expression of S100B protein, in the swine heart in an experimental model of hypoxia - reoxygenation.

Methods: Normocapnic hypoxia was induced in 40 male Landrace/Large White neonatal piglets by decreasing the inspired concentration of oxygen to 6-8%. When animals developed bradycardia or severe hypotension, reoxygenation was initiated.

The role of novel biomarkers in early diagnosis and prognosis of acute kidney injury in newborns.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to the rapid loss of renal function. In clinical practice, AKI is common among hospitalized patients of all age groups including neonates and remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality due to its late diagnosis and therefore delayed therapeutic intervention. Although the precise incidence of AKI in newborn is unknown, several studies have reported that 8 to 24% of all critically ill newborns in neonatal intensive care units may develop the condition.

Hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced myocardial lesions in newborn piglets are related to interindividual variability and not to oxygen concentration.

Objective: Evaluation of myocardial histological changes in an experimental animal model of neonatal hypoxia-reoxygenation.

Methods: Normocapnic hypoxia was induced in 40 male Landrace/Large White piglets. Reoxygenation was initiated when the animals developed bradycardia (HR <60 beats/min) or severe hypotension (MAP <15 mmHg).

An experimental model of neonatal normocapnic hypoxia and resuscitation in Landrace/Large White piglets.

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe and evaluate an experimental model of neonatal normocapnic hypoxia and resuscitation.

Methods: Ten male Landrace/Large White neonatal piglets were studied. Following anaesthesia and intubation, the animals were mechanically ventilated.

A metabolomic approach in an experimental model of hypoxia-reoxygenation in newborn piglets: urine predicts outcome.

Perinatal asphyxia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period. Response to oxygen treatment is unpredictable and the optimum concentration of oxygen in neonatal resuscitation is still a matter of debate among neonatologists. A metabolomic approach was used to characterize the metabolic profiles of newborn hypoxic-reoxygenated piglets.

Conventional direct laryngoscopy versus videolaryngoscopy with the GlideScope®: a neonatal manikin study with inexperienced intubators.

We hypothesized that because the view of the glottis is better with videolaryngoscopes, successful intubation in neonates would be accomplished in a shorter time with the GlideScope (®) (Verathon, Inc., Bothell, WA) videolaryngoscope (GVL). Forty-five students of the University of Athens, inexperienced in both techniques, participated in the study (21 medical students and 24 nursing students, crossover randomized study).

Pharmacological aspects and potential new clinical applications of ketamine: reevaluation of an old drug.

Ketamine, the phencyclidine derivative described in 1965, is an intravenous anesthetic with a variety of applications. The enthusiasm following its initial release subsided due to side effects from the central nervous system. New anesthetics limited the role of ketamine in anesthetic practice.