Publications by authors named "Filipe J"

Background: The evaluation of lumbar spine degeneration on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is prone to inter-reader variability, including when assessing foraminal changes. This variability, often due to subjective criteria and inconsistent terminology, may affect clinical correlations. Standardized criteria could help improve agreement among readers.

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MDR bacteria are an emerging global threat to public health, and the role of dogs in the rise of antimicrobial resistance is under investigation. This study investigated the fecal shedding of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-, AmpC- and carbapenemase (CP)-producing and associated risk factors in dogs admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Lodi, University of Milan, or other veterinary clinics and kennels in Northen Italy. Feces collected in 2020-2022 were microbiologically and molecularly analyzed.

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  • The study examined the effectiveness of endovascular therapy (EVT) versus best medical therapy (BMT) for isolated anterior cerebral artery occlusions (ACAo) in acute stroke patients.
  • The analysis involved 108 patients from various countries, comparing outcomes like functional independence at 90 days, with results showing no significant difference in success rates between EVT and BMT.
  • Conclusions indicate that while EVT had a high success rate in procedures, it did not lead to better functional outcomes or lower mortality compared to BMT, suggesting a need for more randomized trials.
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  • Leptospirosis is a re-emerging infectious disease affecting humans and dogs, with the seroprevalence in pets in Italy being largely unknown.
  • A study conducted in a Milan shelter evaluated 106 dogs and 51 cats for leptospiral antibodies using the microscopic agglutination test, revealing 21.7% of dogs tested positive, while no cats showed antibodies.
  • Seropositivity was significantly higher in spring/summer (32.7%) compared to autumn/winter (11.1%), emphasizing the need for ongoing surveillance in shelters to address the zoonotic risks associated with this disease.
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Background: Despite the proven effectiveness of endovascular therapy (EVT) in acute ischemic strokes (AIS) involving anterior circulation large vessel occlusions, isolated posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusions (iPCAo) remain underexplored in clinical trials. This study investigates the comparative effectiveness and safety of EVT against medical management (MM) in patients with iPCAo.

Methods: This multinational, multicenter propensity score-weighted study analyzed data from the Multicenter Analysis of primary Distal medium vessel occlusions: effect of Mechanical Thrombectomy (MAD-MT) registry, involving 37 centers across North America, Asia, and Europe.

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  • Medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) strokes, especially in the M2 segment of the middle cerebral artery, are a significant challenge in stroke management, necessitating effective prediction of patient outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy (MT).
  • This study analyzed data from the MAD-MT registry to evaluate the relationship between follow-up infarct volume (FIV) and 90-day functional outcomes, using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) as a measurement.
  • Results showed that FIV is a strong predictor of outcomes, with specific volume thresholds indicating favorable prognosis; notably, an FIV of ≤15 ml had the best predictive capability, outperforming traditional recanalization scores.
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  • The study investigates the effectiveness and safety of two treatment methods for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by distal medium vessel occlusion (DMVO): intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) versus IVT alone.
  • Data was collected from 37 centers worldwide, involving over 1,000 patients, with the primary focus on functional independence at 90 days and secondary outcomes including mortality and intracerebral hemorrhage.
  • Findings suggest that both treatment options yield similar functional and mortality outcomes for DMVO patients, but the MT-IVT approach carries a higher risk of hemorrhagic complications, indicating that it may not provide significant advantages over IVT alone for every patient.
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  • * Data from 670 patients revealed that while IVT may improve some outcomes, such as higher chances of achieving a modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2 in univariable analysis, this benefit was not consistently observed in more rigorous multivariable analyses.
  • * Overall, the findings suggest that adjunctive IVT may not significantly enhance clinical outcomes or safety compared to MT alone for this patient population.
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Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) from primary medium vessel occlusions (MeVO) is a prevalent condition associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite the common use of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in AIS, predictors of poor outcomes in MeVO remain poorly characterized.

Methods: In this prospectively collected, retrospectively reviewed, multicenter, multinational study, data from the MAD-MT (Multicenter Analysis of primary Distal medium vessel occlusions: effect of Mechanical Thrombectomy) registry were analyzed.

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Veterinary and human medicine are focused on the issue of emerging and re-emerging diseases, which are especially represented by zoonosis that could be a threat for public health. Zoonotic risk may come from pets: some canine and/or feline viral, bacterial, parasitic, protozoal or mycotic diseases can be transmitted directly to humans. There are several strategies to prevent the transmission of such zoonosis, and among them vaccination plays an important role.

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  • This study investigates how plasma brain-derived tau (BD-Tau) can predict outcomes for patients with acute ischemic stroke who undergo endovascular therapy (EVT), potentially improving prognosis after EVT trials initiated in 2015.
  • Two independent patient cohorts with large vessel occlusion were analyzed, measuring various plasma biomarkers pre- and post-EVT, with 90-day functional outcomes assessed using standardized scales.
  • Results show that while GFAP was strong for early imaging outcomes, BD-Tau was more effective for predicting long-term functional recovery, leading to the development of a predictive model that proved effective across both cohorts.
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  • A study was conducted to compare the safety and effectiveness of endovascular treatment (EVT) versus best medical management (BMM) for patients with acute ischaemic stroke caused by distal medium vessel occlusion (DMVO).
  • The analysis involved 2,125 patients, showing no significant difference in achieving functional independence at 90 days between EVT and BMM, despite EVT being associated with higher rates of hemorrhagic complications.
  • The results suggest that EVT does not provide better functional outcomes than BMM in DMVO cases while increasing the risk of bleeding, indicating the need for cautious use of EVT and further research to improve treatment approaches.
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  • Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) from distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) is common, and while IV thrombolysis is standard, mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is becoming more prevalent for treatment.
  • A study reviewed data from 1708 DMVO patients treated with MT, finding that 8.7% experienced symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) and identified several risk factors, including older age, distal occlusion location, prior antiplatelet use, lower ASPECT scores, higher pre-op blood glucose, more passes during MT, and successful recanalization status.
  • Understanding these risk factors can help healthcare providers better assess and manage the risk of sICH in patients undergoing MT for DM
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  • Mechanical thrombectomy is the standard treatment for large vessel occlusions, but there's limited evidence for its effectiveness in treating distal and medium vessel occlusions, particularly for patients with low stroke scale scores (≤6).
  • A study analyzed data from 41 academic centers, comparing outcomes of low versus higher stroke scale score patients who underwent thrombectomy, revealing high successful reperfusion rates in both groups.
  • Results showed that patients with lower stroke scale scores experienced better functional outcomes and lower mortality rates, but the treatment's effectiveness compared to intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is still uncertain.
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There is a growing interest in the composition of amniotic fluid (AF) in both humans and animals. In addition to its nutritional and protective functions for the foetus, current knowledge demonstrates that AF also serves advanced diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic roles. Newborn dogs have an underdeveloped immune system, making them highly susceptible to dangerous pathogens such as canine parvovirus (CPV-2), canine infectious hepatitis virus (CAdV-1), and canine distemper virus (CDV), thus exposing them to a high risk of mortality in the first weeks of life.

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Introduction: The transfer of immunoglobulins from the mother to newborns is widely recognized as a critical event for safeguarding offspring against potentially life-threatening infectious diseases. Mainly for this reason, this study aimed to assess the concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the saliva of newborn calves and explore its potential use for monitoring passive immunity transfer from cows to calves, as also to evaluate how colostrum intake affects serum and saliva IgG and IgA concentrations.

Methods: The quality of colostrum samples was evaluated using an optical refractometer before administration to the calves.

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Background: Stroke remains a major health concern globally, with oral anticoagulants widely prescribed for stroke prevention. The efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in anticoagulated patients with distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVO) are not well understood.

Methods: This retrospective analysis involved 1282 acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients who underwent MT in 37 centers across North America, Asia, and Europe from September 2017 to July 2023.

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Background: Optimal anesthetic strategy for the endovascular treatment of stroke is still under debate. Despite scarce data concerning anesthetic management for medium and distal vessel occlusions (MeVOs) some centers empirically support a general anesthesia (GA) strategy in these patients.

Methods: We conducted an international retrospective study of MeVO cases.

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In the dairy industry, bovine mastitis represents a major concern due to substantial production losses and costs related to therapies and early culling. The mechanisms of susceptibility and effective response to intra-mammary infections are still poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated innate immunity in acellular bovine skim milk through cytofluorimetric analyses of bacterial killing activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.

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Rabbits, pivotal in the EU as livestock, pets, and experimental animals, face bacterial infection challenges, prompting a quest for alternatives to curb antibiotic resistance. Bovine colostrum (BC), rich in immunoregulatory compounds, antimicrobial peptides, and growth factors, is explored for disease treatment and prevention. This study assesses BC diet supplementation effects on rabbit intestines, examining gene expression.

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Background: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has revolutionized the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO), but its efficacy and safety in medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) remain less explored. This multicenter, retrospective study aims to investigate the incidence and clinical outcomes of vessel perforations (confirmed by extravasation during an angiographic series) during MT for AIS caused by MeVO.

Methods: Data were collected from 37 academic centers across North America, Asia, and Europe between September 2017 and July 2021.

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  • The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the pRESET LITE stent retriever for treating medium vessel occlusions in acute ischemic stroke patients.
  • A retrospective analysis included 227 patients from 37 institutions, distinguishing between proximal and distal occlusions, revealing successful reperfusion rates of 85% and 97%, respectively.
  • Despite a 7% complication rate and a significant percentage of patients experiencing hemorrhagic transformations, the procedure showed a favorable outcome in 58% of cases after three months.
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  • The study assesses the efficacy of dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSC) MRI parameters in differentiating between primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL), glioblastoma, and metastasis in brain tumors.
  • A cohort of 39 patients was analyzed, focusing on five DSC parameters: relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), percentage of signal recovery (PSR), and others, to evaluate their diagnostic performance.
  • Results indicated that rCBV was highly effective in distinguishing metastasis and glioblastoma from PCNSL, while PSR also showed significant differences, particularly identifying metastatic tumors compared to glioblastoma.
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Feline core vaccines strongly recommended for all cats are against Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), Felid herpesvirus type 1 (FeHV-1), and Feline calicivirus (FCV), but cats can be classified as low- and high-risk based on their lifestyle. The aim of this study was to determine the actual seroprotection against FPV, FeHV-1, and FCV in a large cohort of Italian cats by using the VacciCheck test. A total of 740 cats (567 owned and 173 stray cats; 435 vaccinated and 305 unvaccinated) were analyzed for Protective Antibody Titers (PATs).

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Staphylococcus aureus modulates the host immune response directly by interacting with the immune cells or indirectly by secreting molecules (secretome). Relevant differences in virulence mechanisms have been reported for the secretome produced by different S. aureus strains.

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