Ocular morphologic traits in the American Cocker Spaniel may confer primary angle closure glaucoma susceptibility.

Acute primary angle closure glaucoma is a potentially blinding ophthalmic emergency requiring prompt treatment to lower the elevated intraocular pressure in humans and dogs. The PACG in most of canine breeds is epidemiologically similar to humans with older and female patients overrepresented with the condition. The American Cocker Spaniel (ACS) is among the most common breeds observed with PACG development in dogs.

Complex Feline Disease Mapping Using a Dense Genotyping Array.

The current feline genotyping array of 63 k single nucleotide polymorphisms has proven its utility for mapping within breeds, and its use has led to the identification of variants associated with Mendelian traits in purebred cats. However, compared to single gene disorders, association studies of complex diseases, especially with the inclusion of random bred cats with relatively low linkage disequilibrium, require a denser genotyping array and an increased sample size to provide statistically significant associations. Here, we undertook a multi-breed study of 1,122 cats, most of which were admitted and phenotyped for nine common complex feline diseases at the Cornell University Hospital for Animals.

Minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy in dogs: Technique description and feasibility study.

Objective: To describe a minimally invasive approach to the parathyroid gland for the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism.

Study Design: Surgical technique description and clinical case report.

Animals: Five canine cadavers and 5 client-owned dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Characterizing the canine and feline optic pathways in vivo with diffusion MRI.

The visual system is known to be vital for cognition and perception in the feline and canine and much behavioral research for these species has used visual stimuli and focused on visual perception. There has been extensive investigations into the visual pathway in cats and dogs via histological and neurobiological methods, however to date, only one study has mapped the canine optic pathway in vivo. Advanced imaging methods such as diffusion MRI (DTI) have been routinely used in human research to study the visual system in vivo.

Ophthalmic disorders in a referral population of seven breeds of brachycephalic dogs: 970 cases (2008-2017).

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of ophthalmic disorders in 7 brachycephalic dog breeds referred to an academic veterinary ophthalmology service.

Animals: 970 client-owned dogs of 7 brachycephalic breeds that were evaluated by the ophthalmology service in a veterinary teaching hospital from January 2008 through December 2017.

Procedures: Medical records of 7 brachycephalic breeds (ie, Boston Terriers, English Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, Lhasa Apsos, Pekingese, Pugs, and Shih Tzus) were reviewed to collect data regarding patient signalment, ophthalmic diagnoses, affected eyes, and number and dates of visits.

Feline ophthalmomyiasis externa caused by larvae: four cases (2005-2020).

Case Series Summary: Described are four cats diagnosed with ophthalmomyiasis externa caused by larvae. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed to identify cats with ophthalmomyiasis externa between 2005 and 2020 at Cornell University Hospital for Animals. Signalment, history, clinical and diagnostic findings, treatment and outcome were recorded.

Orbital apex syndrome secondary to an orbital sarcoma in a dog.

A 12-year-old castrated male cocker spaniel dog was presented with a 4-week history of left episcleral injection and pawing at the face. Clinical examination findings included left internal and external ophthalmoplegia, left dorsal strabismus, pain opening the mouth, and intermittent amaurosis. Imaging studies revealed a left orbital apex mass with adjacent sphenoid bone lysis and extension into the cranial cavity.

Choroidal melanocytic tumors in dogs: A retrospective study.

Objective: To describe clinical features of dogs diagnosed with choroidal melanocytic tumors at a veterinary teaching hospital.

Animals Studied: Retrospective case series of 13 dogs (14 melanocytic tumors) with choroidal melanocytic tumors.

Procedures: Medical records of dogs evaluated by the Cornell University ophthalmology service with a clinical diagnosis of a choroidal melanocytic tumor between 2008 and 2020 were reviewed.

Transorbital postcaruncular endoscopic surgery as an alternative to orbital exploratory surgery: A cadaveric study and case report in a dog with an orbital sarcoma.

Objective: To describe a postcaruncular approach for transorbital endoscopy as an alternative, minimally invasive technique to access the orbital apex.

Study Design: Ex vivo and prospective clinical case report.

Animals: A 12-year-old male castrated cocker spaniel and three cadaver heads (one large breed dolichocephalic, one medium-sized breed mesocephalic, and one small breed brachycephalic).

Analgesic effect of topical and subconjunctival morphine in dogs after phacoemulsification: A pilot study.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of a single treatment of topical and subconjunctival 0.1% preservative-free morphine sulfate (PFMS) in providing analgesia following phacoemulsification in dogs.

Animals Studied: Ten diabetic and ten non-diabetic client-owned dogs treated with bilateral phacoemulsification.

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography imaging of normal foveae: A pilot study in 17 diurnal birds of prey.

Objective: To describe and to establish normative data for the foveae of diurnal birds of prey using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: All animals (9 red-tailed hawks, 3 Cooper's hawks, 3 American kestrels, 1 sharp-shinned hawk, and 1 broad-winged hawk) had an ophthalmic examination performed with slit lamp biomicroscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy. Following ophthalmic examination, SD-OCT was performed in each eye that had a visible fundus and normal fovea on SD-OCT.

Clinical and diagnostic evaluation of intraocular expulsion of a corneal epithelial inclusion cyst in a dog.

An 8-year-old spayed female mixed-breed dog was presented for evaluation of an axial, raised, vascularized, lightly pigmented 3 mm diameter corneal lesion affecting the left eye (OS) that was present since adoption three years prior to presentation. The presumed cyst ruptured into the anterior chamber 5 months following initial presentation with progressive extrusion of intralesional contents into the anterior chamber. High-frequency ultrasound and in vivo confocal microscopy revealed minimal normal stroma posterior to the corneal lesion.

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography evaluation of the feline optic nerve and peripapillary retina.

Objective: To describe and to establish normative data for the feline optic nerve and peripapillary retina using SD-OCT (Spectralis HRA+OCT2).

Methods: Slit-lamp biomicroscopy and rebound tonometry were performed in seven male-intact (0.65 ± 0.

Canine and feline fundus photography and videography using a nonpatented 3D printed lens adapter for a smartphone.

Objective: To describe an indirect funduscopy imaging technique for dogs and cats using low cost and widely available equipment: a smartphone, a three-dimensional (3D) printed indirect lens adapter, and a 40 diopters (D) indirect ophthalmoscopy lens.

Methods: Fundus videography was performed in dogs and cats using a 40D indirect ophthalmoscopy lens and a smartphone fitted with a 3D printed indirect lens adapter. All animals were pharmacologically dilated with topical tropicamide 1% solution.

Phacoemulsification of bilateral cataracts in two pet rabbits.

Two 3 year-old, healthy, client-owned Lop rabbits presented with bilateral cataracts. After performing a physical examination, bloodwork, ocular ultrasonography and electroretinography, both animals were deemed good surgical candidates for phacoemulsification. Bilateral cataract surgery was performed and both rabbits regained vision in both eyes.

Survey of ophthalmic anterior segment findings and intraocular pressure in 95 North American box turtles (Terrapene spp.).

Objective: To describe the ophthalmic biomicroscopy findings and intraocular pressures (IOP) in a captive population of box turtles and to determine whether a relationship exists between body morphometrics or health status and IOP.

Procedures: Hundred and three box turtles (69 Gulf coast, 24 three-toed, one ornate, one eastern, and eight unidentified) were triaged into three different color-coded groups: green (healthy), yellow (abnormal physical examination with no need for immediate care), and red (immediate care required). Both eyes were evaluated by rebound tonometry and slit-lamp biomicroscopy.

Effects of unilateral topical administration of 0.5% tropicamide on anterior segment morphology and intraocular pressure in normal cats and cats with primary congenital glaucoma.

Objective: To determine the effects of topical 0.5% tropicamide on anterior segment morphology (ASM) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in normal and glaucomatous cats. ANIMALS USED: Normal cats and cats with inherited primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).