Diagnostic performance of biopsy-based methods for determination of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic Mozambican patients.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium capable of colonizing the human stomach, which can lead to various gastrointestinal conditions. Several invasive and non-invasive methods exist for diagnosing H.

Helicobacter pylori in oral cavity: current knowledge.

The oral cavity may play a role as a reservoir and in the transmission and colonization of Helicobacter pylori. The route of transmission for H. pylori is not fully understood.

Antimicrobial activity of prophage endolysins against critical Enterobacteriaceae antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Enterobacteriaceae species are part of the 2017 World Health Organization antibiotic-resistant priority pathogens list for development of novel medicines. Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is an increasing threat to public health and has become a relevant human pathogen involved in life-threatening infections. Phage therapy involves the use of phages or their lytic endolysins as bioagents for the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases.

Molecular detection of Helicobacter pylori and its genotypic antimicrobial resistance patterns in dyspeptic Mozambican patients.

Background: Helicobacter pylori strains show a high level of genotypic diversity and express several genes that contribute to their pathogenicity and resistance. In Mozambique, there is lack of information regarding its resistance pattern to antibiotics. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of H.

Repeated out-of-Africa expansions of Helicobacter pylori driven by replacement of deleterious mutations.

Helicobacter pylori lives in the human stomach and has a population structure resembling that of its host. However, H. pylori from Europe and the Middle East trace substantially more ancestry from modern African populations than the humans that carry them.

Liposomal Delivery of Newly Identified Prophage Lysins in a Model.

is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacterium that presents resistance to several antibiotics, thus, representing a major threat to human and animal health. Phage-derived products, namely lysins, or peptidoglycan-hydrolyzing enzymes, can be an effective weapon against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Whereas in Gram-positive bacteria, lysis from without is facilitated by the exposed peptidoglycan layer, this is not possible in the outer membrane-protected peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacteria.

Biomarker Characterization and Prediction of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance from Next Generation Sequencing Data.

The Gram-negative bacterium colonizes c.a. 50% of human stomachs worldwide and is the major risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma.

Cryptic Prophages Contribution for and Introgression.

and , the causing agents of campylobacteriosis, are described to be undergoing introgression events, i.e., the transference of genetic material between different species, with some isolates sharing almost a quarter of its genome.

Origin, phylogeny, variability and epitope conservation of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses innumerous challenges, like understanding what triggered the emergence of this new human virus, how this RNA virus is evolving or how the variability of viral genome may impact the primary structure of proteins that are targets for vaccine. We analyzed 19471 SARS-CoV-2 genomes available at the GISAID database from all over the world and 3335 genomes of other Coronoviridae family members available at GenBank, collecting SARS-CoV-2 high-quality genomes and distinct Coronoviridae family genomes. Additionally, we analyzed 199,984 spike glycoprotein sequences.

Draft Genome Sequences of 29 Helicobacter pylori Strains Isolated from Colombia.

Here, we present the draft genome sequences of 29 Colombian strains. These strains were isolated in Bogotá, Colombia, from patients diagnosed with chronic gastritis. The genomic characterization of these strains will provide more information on the genetic composition of strains from Colombia.

Glutaredoxin: Discovery, redox defense and much more.

Glutaredoxin, Grx, is a small protein containing an active site cysteine pair and was discovered in 1976 by Arne Holmgren. The Grx system, comprised of Grx, glutathione, glutathione reductase, and NADPH, was first described as an electron donor for Ribonucleotide Reductase but, from the first discovery in E.coli, the Grx family has impressively grown, particularly in the last two decades.

An American lineage of Helicobacter pylori prophages found in Colombia.

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a human gastric carcinogen that is highly prevalent in Latin American. The prophages of H. pylori show a structured population and contribute to the diversity of this bacterium.

Bacteriophages of .

The bacterium colonize the stomach in approximately half of the world's population. Infection with this bacterium is associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer, adenocarcinoma, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Besides being a pathogen with worldwide prevalence, show increasingly high antibiotic resistance rates, making the development of new therapeutic strategies against this bacterium challenging.

A 500-year tale of co-evolution, adaptation, and virulence: Helicobacter pylori in the Americas.

Helicobacter pylori is a common component of the human stomach microbiota, possibly dating back to the speciation of Homo sapiens. A history of pathogen evolution in allopatry has led to the development of genetically distinct H. pylori subpopulations, associated with different human populations, and more recent admixture among H.

Rapid Characterization of Virulence Determinants in Isolated from Non-Atrophic Gastritis Patients by Next-Generation Sequencing.

is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of gastrointestinal pathology. Progression of induced gastritis to more severe disease has been found to highly correlate with the array of virulence factors expressed by the pathogen. The objective of this study was twofold: first, to characterize the genetic diversity of strains isolated from 41 non-atrophic gastritis patients in Switzerland, an issue that has not been investigated to date.

Analysis of genetic recombination and the pan-genome of a highly recombinogenic bacteriophage species.

Bacteriophages are the most prevalent biological entities impacting on the ecosystem and are characterized by their extensive diversity. However, there are two aspects of phages that have remained largely unexplored: genetic flux by recombination between phage populations and characterization of specific phages in terms of the pan-genome. Here, we examined the recombination and pan-genome in prophages at both the genome and gene level.

Relating Phage Genomes to Population Structure: General Steps Using Whole-Genome Sequencing Data.

The review uses the , the gastric bacterium that colonizes the human stomach, to address how to obtain information from bacterial genomes about prophage biology. In a time of continuous growing number of genomes available, this review provides tools to explore genomes for prophage presence, or other mobile genetic elements and virulence factors. The review starts by covering the genetic diversity of and then moves to the biologic basis and the bioinformatics approaches used for studding the phage biology from their genomes and how this is related with the bacterial population structure.

Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and MLST typing of Helicobacter pylori in Algiers, Algeria.

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is common in Algeria, but there are few data on the characterization of isolated strains. The aim of this study was to update data on the prevalence of H. pylori in patients submitted to endoscopy, antibiotic resistance, and phylogeography of H.

Genomics of Helicobacter pylori.

As Helicobacter pylori infects half the world's population and displays an extensive intraspecies diversity, genomics is a powerful tool to understand evolution and disease, to identify factors that confer higher risk of severe sequelae, and to find new approaches for therapy both among bacterial and host targets. In line with these objectives, this review article summarizes the major findings in Helicobacter genomics in papers published between April 2016 and March 2017.