Sex differences in clinically diagnosed psychiatric disorders over the lifespan: a nationwide register-based study in Sweden.

Background: Limited studies exist on sex differences in incidence rates of psychiatric disorders across the lifespan. This study aims to analyze sex differences in the incidence rates of clinically diagnosed psychiatric disorders over the lifespan.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study, including all individuals who were born in Sweden and lived in Sweden between 2003 and 2019, including 4,818,071 females and 4,837,829 males.

Prevalence of Life Stressors and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Women in Iceland.

Importance: Comprehensive data on the prevalence of various life stressors and their role in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among women are lacking.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of a broad range of life stressors and their association with PTSD in a large nationally representative cohort of women.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional analysis used data from the population-based Stress-And-Gene-Analysis, which invited women in Iceland to complete an online survey from March 1, 2018, to July 1, 2019.

Mediators of change in a condensed online exposure-based intervention provided soon after trauma: insights from a randomised controlled trial.

The active mechanisms of change are unclear in early-provided exposure-based interventions for psychological trauma. This study aimed to address this gap by analysing weekly data from a randomised trial involving a 3-week therapist-guided online intervention based on prolonged exposure compared to a waiting-list control group. The objective was to investigate whether changes in each of the four subscales of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist, fifth version (PCL-5; i.

My grief app for prolonged grief in bereaved parents: a randomised waitlist-controlled trial.

A minority of bereaved adults experiences prolonged grief disorder, depression, and/or posttraumatic stress disorder, with heightened risks observed among bereaved parents. Cognitive-behavioural therapies, both face-to-face and online, have demonstrated efficacy in treating post-loss mental health problems. Mobile phone applications potentially offer an efficient and cost-effective way to deliver self-help to bereaved adults, yet controlled effectiveness studies are lacking.

Coping strategies and symptoms of Adjustment Disorder among adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Background: The current study examined whether coping strategies and symptoms of Adjustment Disorder in adults with ADHD differed from what was observed in the general adult population during the Covid-19 pandemic, and compared the extent to which coping strategies and symptom levels of Adjustment Disorder were related to ADHD.

Method: This cross-sectional study was based on survey data collected during the spring of 2021 from 231 adult ADHD patients in specialist care and 1148 volunteers without ADHD in Sweden. The survey included questions about sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, along with the Brief-COPE and Adjustment Disorder-New Module 8 questionnaires.

The self-help app My Grief: Bereaved parents' experiences of helpfulness, satisfaction and usability.

Mobile health (mHealth) apps have been shown to be useful to monitor and reduce mental health problems across a variety of stress-related and affective disorders, yet research on the value of apps for prolonged grief is scarce. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to elucidate bereaved parents' experiences of using the self-help app My Grief with a focus on helpfulness, satisfaction, and usability. Data were derived from closed-ended and open-ended questions administered at the 3-month post-assessment of the intervention group ( = 67) within a randomized controlled trial testing the effects of access to the My Grief app.

Incidence Trajectories of Psychiatric Disorders After Assault, Injury, and Bereavement.

Importance: Traumatic events have been associated with elevated risks of psychiatric disorders, while the contributions of familial factors to these associations remain less clear.

Objective: To determine the contribution of familial factors to long-term incidence trajectories of psychiatric disorders following potentially traumatic events.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study evaluated 3 separate cohorts of individuals residing in Sweden who were free of previous diagnosed psychiatric disorders when first exposed to assault (n = 49 957), injury (n = 555 314), or bereavement (n = 321 263) from January 1987 to December 2013, together with their unexposed full siblings, and 10 age-, sex-, and birthplace-matched unexposed individuals (per exposed individual).

Surviving COVID-19: patients' experiences of care and path to recovery.

Purpose: To examine patients' experiences of receiving care on an ICU for COVID-19 and the subsequent rehabilitation process.

Methods: An explorative and inductive design was used. Participants were recruited from two university hospitals in Sweden.

"Being prevented from providing good care: a conceptual analysis of moral stress among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic".

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are susceptible to moral stress and distress when they are faced with morally challenging situations where it is difficult to act in line with their moral standards. In times of crisis, such as disasters and pandemics, morally challenging situations are more frequent, due to the increased imbalance between patient needs and resources. However, the concepts of moral stress and distress vary and there is unclarity regarding the definitions used in the literature.

Health-related quality of life after surviving intensive care for COVID-19: a prospective multicenter cohort study.

In survivors of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incomplete mental and physical recovery may considerably impact daily activities and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). HRQoL can be evaluated with the RAND-36 questionnaire, a multidimensional instrument that assesses physical and mental aspects of health in eight dimensions. The objective was to investigate HRQoL in intensive care patients previously treated for COVID-19 at three Nordic university hospitals, in a prospective multi-center cohort study.

Condensed Internet-delivered prolonged exposure provided soon after trauma: a randomised trial.

Background: Exposure to trauma is common and can have a profoundly negative impact on mental health. Interventions based on trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy have shown promising results to facilitate recovery. The current trial evaluated whether a novel, scalable and digital early version of the intervention, Condensed Internet-Delivered Prolonged Exposure (CIPE), is effective in reducing post-traumatic stress symptoms.

Longitudinal follow-up of the randomized controlled trial of access to the trauma-focused self-management app PTSD Coach.

Apps that target posttraumatic stress are rarely evaluated and long-term examination of symptom change is rare. In a waitlist-controlled randomized controlled trial, we found that the Swedish version of the self-management app PTSD Coach confers benefits on posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms after three months use. Here, we aimed to evaluate between-group effects on functional disability as well as within-group changes on mental health, somatic illness and functional disability after access to the Swedish PTSD Coach app during 9 months.

Correction: Efficacy, Benefits, and Harms of a Self-management App in a Swedish Trauma-Exposed Community Sample (PTSD Coach): Randomized Controlled Trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/31419.].

Internet-delivered psychological treatment as an add-on to treatment as usual for common mental disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: Psychological treatments for common mental disorders are increasingly being delivered remotely via the internet. Evidence suggests that internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) is superior to waitlist. However, the benefits are unclear of using this treatment modality as an add-on to treatment as usual (TAU) in regular healthcare.

Media perception and trust among disaster survivors: Tsunami survivors' interaction with journalists, media exposure, and associations with trust in media and authorities.

A critical part of disaster communication is media coverage in the interface of the afflicted, media, and authorities. One communication key is building trust. Disaster survivors encounter journalists in a high-stress context, but little is known about their perceptions of these interactions and the subsequent media exposure.

Dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe: five lessons from the European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies.

Unlabelled: The paper provides insights into the mental health consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic from the Central, Eastern, Nordic, Southern, and Western subregions of Europe, represented by five member countries of the European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS). On the basis of the existing national research and experiences in these countries, we propose five lessons learned. (1) There is no evidence of a mental health pandemic so far in the countries in focus.

My Grief App for Prolonged Grief in Bereaved Parents: A Pilot Study.

The death of a child is a devastating experience for most parents. Consequently, bereaved parents are at risk to develop physical and mental health problems, including prolonged grief disorder. Nevertheless, there is a lack of evaluated psychosocial interventions for bereaved parents.

Dealing with difficult choices: a qualitative study of experiences and consequences of moral challenges among disaster healthcare responders.

Background: Disasters are chaotic events with healthcare needs that overwhelm available capacities. Disaster healthcare responders must make difficult and swift choices, e.g.

Efficacy, Benefits, and Harms of a Self-management App in a Swedish Trauma-Exposed Community Sample (PTSD Coach): Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Self-guided interventions may complement and overcome obstacles to in-person treatment options. The efficacy of app interventions targeting posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is unclear, and results from previous studies on PTSD Coach-an app for managing trauma-related distress-are inconsistent.

Objective: This study investigates whether access to the Swedish version of the PTSD Coach affects posttraumatic stress, depressive, and somatic symptoms.

Daily uplifts during the COVID-19 pandemic: what is considered helpful in everyday life?

Background: Knowledge of what is uplifting and helpful during pandemics could inform the design of sustainable pandemic recommendations in the future. We have explored individuals' views on helpful and uplifting aspects of everyday life during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: Participants answered a brief, daily survey via text messages during 14 consecutive days in July-August, 2020.

Risk and protective factors, stressors, and symptoms of adjustment disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic - First results of the ESTSS COVID-19 pan-European ADJUST study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic exposes individuals to multiple stressors, such as quarantine, physical distancing, job loss, risk of infection, and loss of loved ones. Such a complex array of stressors potentially lead to symptoms of adjustment disorder.

Objective: This cross-sectional exploratory study examined relationships between risk and protective factors, stressors, and symptoms of adjustment disorder during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Lifetime exposure to violence and other life stressors and hair cortisol concentration in women.

Women are exposed to a variety of life stressors, particularly violence, during their lifetime which increases the risk of developing various psychiatric and somatic diseases, with the dysregulated secretion of cortisol as one potential biological mechanism. We examined the association between violence and other life stressors and hair cortisol concentration (HCC) in a population of urban women. We included 470 adult women (age = 21-86 years) attending the Cancer Detection Clinic in Iceland.

Mobile app for prolonged grief among bereaved parents: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Bereaved parents, who have lost a child, have an elevated risk to develop mental health problems, yet, few studies have evaluated the effect of psychosocial interventions developed for bereaved parents. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), both face to face or digitally delivered, has shown to be an effective intervention for prolonged grief symptoms. Self-help mobile apps offer various advantages and studies show improved mental health after app interventions.