Optimization of Green Extraction Techniques for Polyphenolics in Bark Extract and Steam Gasification of the Remaining Fraction to Obtain Hydrogen-Rich Syngas and Activated Carbon.

Utilization of renewable resources has become imperative, and considerable efforts have been devoted to tackling diverse global sustainability challenges, which contribute to the circular economy. The focus of this work was to optimize the extraction of polyphenolic compounds in bark using microwave-assisted (MAE) and ultrasonically assisted (UAE) extractions and evaluate the biological efficacies of the extracts. Additionally, the residue of the extracted pine bark was subjected to steam gasification to produce hydrogen-rich syngas and activated carbon.

-Derived Energy Storage System Material Production.

Carbon derived from various biomass sources has been evaluated as support material for thermal energy storage systems. However, process optimization of -derived carbon to be used for encapsulating phase change materials has not been reported to date. In this study, process optimization to evaluate the effects of selected operation parameters of pyrolysis time, temperature, and biomass:catalyst mass ratio on the surface area and pore volume of produced carbon is conducted using response surface methodology.

Review on Catalytic Biomass Gasification for Hydrogen Production as a Sustainable Energy Form and Social, Technological, Economic, Environmental, and Political Analysis of Catalysts.

Sustainable energy production is a worldwide concern due to the adverse effects and limited availability of fossil fuels, requiring the development of suitable environmentally friendly alternatives. Hydrogen is considered a sustainable future energy source owing to its unique properties as a clean and nontoxic fuel with high energy yield and abundance. Hydrogen can be produced through renewable and nonrenewable sources where the production method and feedstock used are indicators of whether they are carbon-neutral or not.