Changes in speech following maxillary distraction osteogenesis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe changes in articulation and velopharyngeal function following maxillary distraction osteogenesis.

Design: This is a descriptive, post hoc clinical report comparing the performance of patients before and after maxillary distraction. The independent variable was maxillary distraction while the dependent variables were resonance, articulation errors, and velopharyngeal function.

Stirrer tank: an appropriate technology to immobilize the CB.Hep-1 monoclonal antibody for immunoaffinity purification.

The CB.Hep-1 monoclonal antibody was coupled to CNBr-activated Sepharose CL 4B at three different immobilization scales for purification of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen. Standard laboratory apparatus to obtain immunosorbents of 1 l (scale I) and 3 l (scale II) as well as a stirrer tank to prepare 6 l immunosorbents (scale III) were used.

Radiographic evaluation of bone formation in the pterygoid region after maxillary distraction with a rigid external distraction (RED) device.

In recent years, distraction osteogenesis has been used to correct skeletal disharmonies in the craniofacial region including the mandible and maxilla. Rigid external distraction has been used successfully to correct severe maxillary skeletal discrepancies. However, the characteristics of the newly formed bone have not been studied.

Maxillary distraction osteogenesis: a two-dimensional mathematical model.

Patients with cleft lip and palate with severe maxillary retrusion usually have a mandible with anterior-superior autorotation and subsequent overclosure and loss of the vertical facial dimension. Maxillary distraction osteogenesis can correct the sagittal maxillomandibular relationship and should simultaneously reestablish vertical dimension through maxillary vertical height increase and clockwise rotation of the mandible to restore facial balance. We present a two-dimensional mathematical model in the sagittal plane, which reestablishes sagittal and vertical skeletal deficiencies and proper occlusal alignment for planning maxillary advancement with distraction osteogenesis in patients with cleft lip and palate.

Changes in speech following unilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis in patients with hemifacial microsomia.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe changes in articulation, resonance, and velopharyngeal function following mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

Design: This is a descriptive, post hoc study comparing the performance of patients on measures of articulation, resonance, and velopharyngeal function before and after mandibular distraction.

Setting: The data were collected at a tertiary health care center located in Chicago.

[Intravascular ultrasonographic evaluation of direct stents, implanted without predilatation. Comparison of results according to lesion types].

Introduction And Objectives: Direct stenting is a safe and feasible technique in selected lesions yielding excellent angiographic results. However, there are no studies providing intravascular ultrasonographic examination after direct stenting. The aim of this study was to evaluate direct stent expansion with ultrasonography and to know whether there are differences in the results based on lesion types.

Craniofacial growth in unoperated craniofacial malformations.

To review current information on craniofacial growth of unoperated patients with craniofacial malformations and stimulate the study of abnormal craniofacial growth through conventional and newer methods. This will lead to improved diagnosis and the understanding of the etiopathogenesis of craniofacial malformations. It is expected that this knowledge will also assist clinicians in planning treatment strategies to better manage these challenging conditions.

Soft tissue profile changes after maxillary advancement with distraction osteogenesis by use of a rigid external distraction device: a 1-year follow-up.

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the soft tissue profile changes after maxillary advancement with distraction osteogenesis (DO).

Patients And Methods: Sixteen subjects underwent maxillary advancement with rigid external distraction after a high Le Fort I osteotomy. There were 11 male and 5 female patients, ages 5.

A possible otological complication due to maxillary expansion in a cleft lip and palate patient.

Objective: We present a possible negative side effect of a sudden onset of secretory otitis media in a 12-year-old boy with unilateral cleft lip and palate who underwent maxillary expansion. The secretory otitis media caused a temporary hearing loss developed during the activation of the expander appliance. The possible causes for this complication are discussed.

RT-PCR as a tool for systematic transcriptional analysis of large regions of the Bacillus subtilis genome.

Transcriptional analysis of five different regions of the Bacillus subtilis 168 genome, comprising a total of 175 kb encoding newly identified genes, was carried out using the RT-PCR technique as part of the functional analysis of the whole genome of this bacterium. Amplification of mRNA fragments allowed the detection of both highly and poorly transcribed genes covering 81% of putative ORFs, and also the monitoring of variations in the expression level among genes differentially expressed during particular bacterial growth phases.

Evaluation of direct stent implantation without predilatation by intravascular ultrasound.

The present study shows that direct stent implantation without predilatation in selected lesions provides angiographic and ultrasonographic results that could be comparable to those expected with conventional stenting. These results may even safely improve if a balloon-artery ratio of 1.1 to 1.

Rapid orthodontic tooth movement into newly distracted bone after mandibular distraction osteogenesis in a canine model.

Orthodontic tooth movement through recently distracted fibrous bone tissue has not been investigated previously. We hypothesized that a tooth can be moved into the fibrous new bone created by the distraction process at a rapid rate. Four mature beagle dogs were used in this study.

[Innovation in higher nursing education and its contribution to the teaching design].

The role of nursing is studied, as it is related to constant innovation and improvement of teaching quality, social requirements and new professional roles. As an alternative, the contribution given by the teaching model is considered. Such model offers educational bases on leisure activities about adequate learning environments, user population requirements and the actual educational system.

A longitudinal three-dimensional evaluation of the growth pattern in hemifacial microsomia treated by mandibular distraction osteogenesis: a preliminary report.

This study analyzed in three dimensions the longitudinal growth pattern of young patients with hemifacial microsomia (HFM) before and after mandibular distraction osteogenesis (DO). Six individuals with HFM (five boys and one girl; age at distraction, 12.5 +/- 2.

Velopharyngeal changes after maxillary advancement in cleft patients with distraction osteogenesis using a rigid external distraction device: a 1-year cephalometric follow-up.

The effect of maxillary advancement on speech may have benefits on articulation improvement but compromises velopharyngeal (VP) closure by increasing the nasopharyngeal distance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the static VP anatomic changes on lateral cephalograms in patients who underwent maxillary advancement through distraction osteogenesis (DO) with a rigid external distraction device and to correlate these changes with clinical speech data. Twenty-two patients (5 female and 17 male) underwent maxillary advancement through DO utilizing a rigid external distraction device (age, 5.

Biomechanical considerations in distraction of the osteotomized dentomaxillary complex.

The completely osteotomized dentomaxillary complex is essentially a free body constrained only by its soft tissue attachments. Therefore the line of action and point of application of any protractive force(s) used during distraction osteogenesis must be considered relative to its center of mass. This is in contrast to the nonsurgically separated dentomaxillary complex, which is a constrained body, and therefore the application of protractive force(s) must be considered relative to its center of resistance.

Maternal zinc supplementation does not affect size at birth or pregnancy duration in Peru.

To estimate the effect of maternal zinc deficiency on pregnancy outcomes, we conducted a zinc supplementation trial in an urban shantytown in Lima, Peru, a population with habitual low zinc intakes. Beginning at 10-24 wk gestation, 1295 mothers were randomly assigned to receive prenatal supplements containing 60 mg iron and 250 (g folate, with or without 15 mg zinc. Women were followed up monthly during pregnancy.

Distraction osteogenesis of free interpositional membranous bone: experimental design.

The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of bone formation in distraction osteogenesis of the free interpositional membranous bone. Three canine dogs were used as subjects. Two mandibular osteotomies were made in the mandibular body.

Maxillary distraction for the management of cleft maxillary hypoplasia with a rigid external distraction system.

Maxillary hypoplasia is a common finding in patients with repaired orofacial clefts. Management of this condition has been a challenge to the reconstructive team. The introduction of distraction osteogenesis to treat craniofacial skeletal dysplasias has opened alternative approaches to manage these severe conditions.

Adding zinc to prenatal iron and folate supplements improves maternal and neonatal zinc status in a Peruvian population.

Background: Maternal zinc deficiency during pregnancy may be widespread among women in developing countries, but few data are available on whether prenatal zinc supplementation improves maternal and neonatal zinc status.

Objective: We studied whether maternal zinc supplementation improved the zinc status of mothers and neonates participating in a supplementation trial in a shantytown in Lima, Peru.

Design: Beginning at gestation week 10-24, 1295 mothers were randomly assigned to receive prenatal supplements containing 60 mg Fe and 250 microg folate, with or without 15 mg Zn.

Distraction osteogenesis: the effects of orthodontic tooth movement on distracted mandibular bone.

The application of distraction osteogenesis in craniomaxillofacial surgery has created new treatment methods for patients with craniofacial skeletal dysplasias. Most of the applications in the craniofacial skeleton have been for the correction of severe congenital or acquired conditions. As more understanding is gained with these new approaches, refinements in techniques will enhance treatment planning and outcome.

Adding zinc to prenatal iron and folate tablets improves fetal neurobehavioral development.

Objective: Our objective was to examine whether improvement in maternal zinc status during pregnancy is positively associated with fetal neurobehavioral development in a Peruvian population.

Study Design: We electronically monitored, at 32 and 36 weeks' gestation, 55 fetuses whose mothers were randomly assigned to receive, during pregnancy, a daily supplement containing 60 mg iron and 250 microg folate, with or without 15 mg zinc. Fetal heart rate and movement patterns were quantified in 55 and 34 fetuses, respectively, as indexes of neurobehavioral development.

Management of severe cleft maxillary deficiency with distraction osteogenesis: procedure and results.

Distraction osteogenesis has become an important technique to treat craniofacial skeletal dysplasia. In this study, the technique of maxillary distraction with a rigid external distraction device is presented. Cephalometric results in the first 14 consecutive patients are analyzed.