Development of a Data Model to Predict Nursing Workload Using Routine Clinical Data.

The effective management of human resources in nursing is fundamental to ensuring high-quality care. The necessary staffing levels can be derived from the nursing-related health status. Our approach is based on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to recognize key workload-driving predictors from routine data in the first step and derive recommendations for staffing levels in the second step.

Staff Management with AI: Predicting the Nursing Workload.

The effective management of human resources in nursing fundamental to ensuring high-quality care. The necessary staffing levels can beis derived from the nursing-related health status. Our approach is based on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to recognize key workload-driving predictors from routine clinical data in the first step and derive recommendations for staffing levels in the second step.

Reversible Optical Control of Polarization in Epitaxial Ferroelectric Thin Films.

Light is an effective tool to probe the polarization and domain distribution in ferroelectric materials passively, that is, non-invasively, for example, via optical second harmonic generation (SHG). With the emergence of oxide electronics, there is now a strong demand to expand the role of light toward active control of the polarization. In this work, optical control of the ferroelectric polarization is demonstrated in prototypical epitaxial PbZrTiO (PZT)-based heterostructures.

Antibody-dependent enhancement of toxicity of myotoxin II from Bothrops asper.

Improved therapies are needed against snakebite envenoming, which kills and permanently disables thousands of people each year. Recently developed neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against several snake toxins have shown promise in preclinical rodent models. Here, we use phage display technology to discover a human monoclonal antibody and show that this antibody causes antibody-dependent enhancement of toxicity (ADET) of myotoxin II from the venomous pit viper, Bothrops asper, in a mouse model of envenoming that mimics a snakebite.

Critical slowing down near a magnetic quantum phase transition with fermionic breakdown.

When a system close to a continuous phase transition is subjected to perturbations, it takes an exceptionally long time to return to equilibrium. This critical slowing down is observed universally in the dynamics of bosonic excitations, such as order-parameter collective modes, but it is not generally expected to occur for fermionic excitations. Here using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, we find evidence for fermionic critical slowing down in YbRhSi close to a quantum phase transition between an antiferromagnetic phase and a heavy Fermi liquid.

Defeating depolarizing fields with artificial flux closure in ultrathin ferroelectrics.

Material surfaces encompass structural and chemical discontinuities that often lead to the loss of the property of interest in so-called dead layers. It is particularly problematic in nanoscale oxide electronics, where the integration of strongly correlated materials into devices is obstructed by the thickness threshold required for the emergence of their functionality. Here we report the stabilization of ultrathin out-of-plane ferroelectricity in oxide heterostructures through the design of an artificial flux-closure architecture.

Pressure Control of Nonferroelastic Ferroelectric Domains in ErMnO.

Mechanical pressure controls the structural, electric, and magnetic order in solid-state systems, allowing tailoring of their physical properties. A well-established example is ferroelastic ferroelectrics, where the coupling between pressure and the primary symmetry-breaking order parameter enables hysteretic switching of the strain state and ferroelectric domain engineering. Here, we study the pressure-driven response in a nonferroelastic ferroelectric, ErMnO, where the classical stress-strain coupling is absent and the domain formation is governed by creation-annihilation processes of topological defects.

Non-volatile electric-field control of inversion symmetry.

Competition between ground states at phase boundaries can lead to significant changes in properties under stimuli, particularly when these ground states have different crystal symmetries. A key challenge is to stabilize and control the coexistence of symmetry-distinct phases. Using BiFeO layers confined between layers of dielectric TbScO as a model system, we stabilize the mixed-phase coexistence of centrosymmetric and non-centrosymmetric BiFeO phases at room temperature with antipolar, insulating and polar semiconducting behaviour, respectively.

MBRA-2: a Modified Chemostat System to Culture Biofilms.

Culture-dependent approaches for investigating microbial ecology aim to model the nutrient content of specific environments by simplifying the system for high-resolution molecular analysis. These systems are enticing due to their increased throughput compared to animal models, flexibility in modulating nutrient content and community composition, scaling of culture volume to isolate biological molecules, and control of environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, and nutrient flow. However, different devices are used to investigate homogenous, planktonic microbial communities and heterogeneous biofilms.

Magnetoelectric transfer of a domain pattern.

The utility of ferroic materials is determined by the formation of domains and their poling behavior under externally applied fields. For multiferroics, which exhibit several types of ferroic order at once, it is also relevant how the domains of the coexisting ferroic states couple and what kind of functionality this might involve. In this work, we demonstrate the reversible transfer of a domain pattern between magnetization and electric-polarization space in the multiferroic DyTbFeO.

Current-driven dynamics and ratchet effect of skyrmion bubbles in a ferrimagnetic insulator.

Magnetic skyrmions are compact chiral spin textures that exhibit a rich variety of topological phenomena and hold potential for the development of high-density memory devices and novel computing schemes driven by spin currents. Here, we demonstrate the room-temperature interfacial stabilization and current-driven control of skyrmion bubbles in the ferrimagnetic insulator TmFeO coupled to Pt, showing the current-induced motion of individual skyrmion bubbles. The ferrimagnetic order of the crystal together with the interplay of spin-orbit torques and pinning determine the skyrmion dynamics in TmFeO and result in a strong skyrmion Hall effect characterized by a negative deflection angle and hopping motion.

Moraines in the Austrian Alps record repeated phases of glacier stabilization through the Late Glacial and the Early Holocene.

Climate is currently warming due to anthropogenic impact on the Earth's atmosphere. To better understand the processes and feedbacks within the climate system that underlie this accelerating warming trend, it is useful to examine past periods of abrupt climate change that were driven by natural forcings. Glaciers provide an excellent natural laboratory for reconstructing the climate of the past as they respond sensitively to climate oscillations.

[Digital Transformation of Healthcare: A Delphi Study of the Working Groups Digital Health and Validation and Linkage of Secondary Data of the German Network for Health Services Research (DNVF)].

Aim Of The Study: The digital transformation in healthcare is also of fundamental importance for healthcare research. For this reason, experts should agree on, prioritize and identify key topics for a medium-term strategy of the German Network for Health Services Research and classify the general development of digital health in the context of health services research.

Methods: Between April and September 2018, the working groups "Digital Health" and "Validation and Linkage of Secondary Data" of the German Network for Health Services Research were asked to submit their expertise online using the methodological approach of a Delphi study.

Multilevel polarization switching in ferroelectric thin films.

Ferroic order is characterized by hystereses with two remanent states and therefore inherently binary. The increasing interest in materials showing non-discrete responses, however, calls for a paradigm shift towards continuously tunable remanent ferroic states. Device integration for oxide nanoelectronics furthermore requires this tunability at the nanoscale.

Emerging spin-phonon coupling through cross-talk of two magnetic sublattices.

Many material properties such as superconductivity, magnetoresistance or magnetoelectricity emerge from the non-linear interactions of spins and lattice/phonons. Hence, an in-depth understanding of spin-phonon coupling is at the heart of these properties. While most examples deal with one magnetic lattice only, the simultaneous presence of multiple magnetic orderings yield potentially unknown properties.

Signatures of enhanced out-of-plane polarization in asymmetric BaTiO superlattices integrated on silicon.

In order to bring the diverse functionalities of transition metal oxides into modern electronics, it is imperative to integrate oxide films with controllable properties onto the silicon platform. Here, we present asymmetric LaMnO/BaTiO/SrTiO superlattices fabricated on silicon with layer thickness control at the unit-cell level. By harnessing the coherent strain between the constituent layers, we overcome the biaxial thermal tension from silicon and stabilize c-axis oriented BaTiO layers with substantially enhanced tetragonality, as revealed by atomically resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy.

The emergence of ecotypes in a parasitoid wasp: a case of incipient sympatric speciation in Hymenoptera?

Background: To understand which reproductive barriers initiate speciation is a major question in evolutionary research. Despite their high species numbers and specific biology, there are only few studies on speciation in Hymenoptera. This study aims to identify very early reproductive barriers in a local, sympatric population of Nasonia vitripennis (Walker 1836), a hymenopterous parasitoid of fly pupae.

Writing of strain-controlled multiferroic ribbons into MnWO.

Local and low-dimensional structures, such as interfaces, domain walls and structural defects, may exhibit physical properties different from the bulk. Therein, a wide variety of local phases were discovered including conductive interfaces, sheet superconductivity, and magnetoelectric domain walls. The confinement of combined magnetic and electric orders to spatially selected regions may be particularly relevant for future technological applications because it may serve as basis of electrically controllable magnetic memory devices.

Training the Polarization in Integrated La Bi FeO -Based Devices.

The functionalities of BiFeO -based magnetoelectric multiferroic heterostructures rely on the controlled manipulation of their ferroelectric domains and of the corresponding net in-plane polarization, as this aspect guides the voltage-controlled magnetic switching. Chemical substitution has emerged as a key to push the energy dissipation of the BiFeO into the attojoule range but appears to result in a disordered domain configuration. Using non-invasive optical second-harmonic generation on heavily La-substituted BiFeO films, it is shown that a weak net in-plane polarization remains imprinted in the pristine films despite the apparent domain disorder.

Giant conductivity of mobile non-oxide domain walls.

Atomically sharp domain walls in ferroelectrics are considered as an ideal platform to realize easy-to-reconfigure nanoelectronic building blocks, created, manipulated and erased by external fields. However, conductive domain walls have been exclusively observed in oxides, where domain wall mobility and conductivity is largely influenced by stoichiometry and defects. Here, we report on giant conductivity of domain walls in the non-oxide ferroelectric GaVS.

Magnetoelectric coupling of domains, domain walls and vortices in a multiferroic with independent magnetic and electric order.

Magnetically induced ferroelectrics exhibit rigidly coupled magnetic and electric order. The ordering temperatures and spontaneous polarization of these multiferroics are notoriously low, however. Both properties can be much larger if magnetic and ferroelectric order occur independently, but the cost of this independence is that pronounced magnetoelectric interaction is no longer obvious.

Interconversion of multiferroic domains and domain walls.

Systems with long-range order like ferromagnetism or ferroelectricity exhibit uniform, yet differently oriented three-dimensional regions called domains that are separated by two-dimensional topological defects termed domain walls. A change of the ordered state across a domain wall can lead to local non-bulk physical properties such as enhanced conductance or the promotion of unusual phases. Although highly desirable, controlled transfer of these properties between the bulk and the spatially confined walls is usually not possible.

Nonreciprocal second harmonic generation in a magnetoelectric material.

Mirror symmetries are of particular importance because they are connected to fundamental properties and conservation laws. Spatial inversion and time reversal are typically associated to charge and spin phenomena, respectively. When both are broken, magnetoelectric cross-coupling can arise.