The present value of human life losses associated with COVID-19 and likely productivity losses averted through COVID-19 vaccination in Madagascar.

Background: As of 3 March 2023, Madagascar had reported 1,422 deaths from COVID-19. Up to now, there hasn't been a study to estimate the Total Present Value of Human Life lost , productivity losses, and potential productivity losses averted through COVID-19 vaccination for use in advocacy. The study reported in this paper aimed to fill these information gaps.

Antibiotic resistance of bacteria responsible for postoperative wound infections seen in the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana.

The management of postoperative wound infections is a major problem in hospitals due to the frequent ineffectiveness of antibiotic treatment. The objectives of this study are to identify the bacteria responsible for postoperative wound infections and to describe these antibiotic resistances in order to improve the management of these infections. It is a prospective study of 52 bacteriological results of postoperative wounds for a period of six months from January 2021 to June 2021 in the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana.

Prioritizing COVID-19 vaccination efforts and dose allocation within Madagascar.

Background: While mass COVID-19 vaccination programs are underway in high-income countries, limited availability of doses has resulted in few vaccines administered in low and middle income countries (LMICs). The COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) is a WHO-led initiative to promote vaccine access equity to LMICs and is providing many of the doses available in these settings. However, initial doses are limited and countries, such as Madagascar, need to develop prioritization schemes to maximize the benefits of vaccination with very limited supplies.

Existing human mobility data sources poorly predicted the spatial spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Madagascar.

For emerging epidemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, quantifying travel is a key component of developing accurate predictive models of disease spread to inform public health planning. However, in many LMICs, traditional data sets on travel such as commuting surveys as well as non-traditional sources such as mobile phone data are lacking, or, where available, have only rarely been leveraged by the public health community. Evaluating the accuracy of available data to measure transmission-relevant travel may be further hampered by limited reporting of suspected and laboratory confirmed infections.

A behavioural and HIV serological survey among detainees of Ankazondrano jail in Fianarantsoa, Madagascar.

The prevalence of HIV in the general population of Madagascar is 0.3%. Some population groups, especially detainees are vulnerable to this infection.

Existing human mobility data sources poorly predicted the spatial spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Madagascar.

For emerging epidemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, quantifying travel is a key component of developing accurate predictive models of disease spread to inform public health planning. However, in many LMICs, traditional data sets on travel such as commuting surveys as well as non-traditional sources such as mobile phone data are lacking, or, where available, have only rarely been leveraged by the public health community. Evaluating the accuracy of available data to measure transmission-relevant travel may be further hampered by limited reporting of suspected and laboratory confirmed infections.

The Challenge of Achieving Immunity Through Multiple-Dose Vaccines in Madagascar.

Administration of many childhood vaccines requires that multiple doses be delivered within a narrow time window to provide adequate protection and reduce disease transmission. Accurately quantifying vaccination coverage is complicated by limited individual-level data and multiple vaccination mechanisms (routine and supplementary vaccination programs). We analyzed 12,541 vaccination cards from 6 districts across Madagascar for children born in 2015 and 2016.

Efforts Towards Polio Eradication in Madagascar: 1997 to 2017.

Background: In 1988, the World Health Assembly launched the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. WHO AFRO is close to achieve this goal with the last wild poliovirus detected in 2014 in Borno States in Nigeria. The certification of the WHO African Region requires that all the 47 member states meet the critical indicators for a polio free status.

The COVID-19 epidemic in Madagascar: clinical description and laboratory results of the first wave, march-september 2020.

Background: Following the first detection of SARS-CoV-2 in passengers arriving from Europe on 19 March 2020, Madagascar took several mitigation measures to limit the spread of the virus in the country.

Methods: Nasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal swabs were collected from travellers to Madagascar, suspected SARS-CoV-2 cases and contact of confirmed cases. Swabs were tested at the national reference laboratory using real-time RT-PCR.

[Adherence of private sector providers to uncomplicated malaria management policy in Madagascar].

Introduction: This study aims to assess the adherence of private health providers to the use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and to the prescription of artemisinin-containing combinations (ACT) in patients with uncomplicated malaria.

Methods: We conducted an analytical, retrospective and cross-sectional study in 11 Madagascar's health districts divided into four epidemiological strata in September and in October 2015. A total of 43 health providers from 39 private health care facilities (PHF) were interviewed and visited.

[Resistant phenotypes of Escherichia coli strains responsible for urinary tract infection in the laboratory of the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Antananarivo].

Introduction: Urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli frequently occurs in the hospital environment. This study aims to describe resistant phenotypes of Escherichia coli strains to monitor their occurrence.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive retrospective study of 102 Escherchia coli strains responsible for urinary tract infection in the laboratory of the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Antananarivo from January 2014 to October 2016.

Joint pain epidemiology and analgesic usage in Madagascar.

Introduction: To describe the epidemiology of joint pains and document analgesics usage in an African context.

Methods: Patients suffering from joint pain were recruited from nine sites located in Antananarivo, Madagascar, including 6 hospital services and 3 clinics. Doctors collected information on the etiology and characteristics of the patients' pain.

[Blood count results from hypertensive patients seen in laboratory of CHU-HJRB Antananarivo in 2013].

Introduction: The blood count is a routine laboratory test prescribed to patients suffering from high blood pressure. This study aims to describe the results of blood count from hypertensive patients and to identify conditions associated.

Methods: This retrospective and descriptive study concerns the period from the 1st of December 2012 to 31 th of December 2013 in the laboratory of University Hospital Center CHU-HJRB of Antananarivo.

[Antibiotic consumption at Antananarivo University Hospital: prevalence and strategic challenges].

Introduction: Very few studies have been conducted on antibiotic consumption in Madagascar. The objective of this study was to describe antibiotic consumption in a tertiary university hospital in Antananarivo, Madagascar to more clearly define good antibiotic use strategies.

Materials And Method: A one-day prevalence survey was conducted on 5 April 2011 in the 339-bed Befelatanana Hospital with a bed occupation rate of 65.

[Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment non-compliance in Antananarivo city, Madagascar].

A retrospective epidemiological study of patients' medical records (n = 442) was conducted in one of the tuberculosis (TB) treatment centers in the city of Antananarivo, to identify risk factors of treatment default. Results show that males give up treatment more than women (OR=1,81 [1,13; 3,03]). Among those living farthest away from the center, patients younger than 30 years old tend to be more irregular in the follow-up of their treatment (OR=3,43 [1,16; 10,15]).