MicroRNA expression profile of alveolar epithelial cells infected with Aspergillus fumigatus.

There are limited number of studies investigating the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in Aspergillus infections. In this study, we designed an in vitro aspergillosis model to identify differentially expressed Aspergillus-related miRNAs. For this purpose, carcinoma cell lines "A549" and "Calu-3" were infected with Aspergillus fumigatus.

The relationship between the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infections and ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression and polymorphisms.

Background: The viral spike (S) protein and host ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genetic variations may act as a barrier to viral infections or determine susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections.

Objectives: We investigated the relationship between the expression patterns and polymorphisms of the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptor genes associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Material And Methods: We examined 147 COVID-19 patients (41 asymptomatic, 53 symptomatic and 53 cases treated in the intensive care unit (ICU)) and 33 healthy controls.

Immunogenicity and safety of the CoronaVac and BNT162b2 Covid-19 vaccine in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases and healthy adults: comparison of different vaccines.

Objectives: To determine the seroconversion (SC) rate after CoronaVac and BNT162b2 vaccines in adults with inflammatory rheumatic disease (IRD).

Methods: Patients who were followed up with IRD and who received two doses of either CoronaVac or BNT162b2 vaccines were included in this prospective observational single-center study. Subjects with two doses of CoronaVac or BNT162b2 without known IRD were included in the healthy controls.

[Investigation of HTLV-I/II Seroprevalance of Patients with HIV Positivity being Monitored by Real-Time RT-PCR].

Human T-lymphotropic virus-I/II (HTLV-I/II) and human immun viruses (HIVs), that have similar genomic characteristics also share the same transmission routes and infect T lymphocytes. Regarding this epidemiological similarity, HIV and HTLV infections can be seen together. HIV and HTLV-I/II coinfection occurs with variable frequencies in different populations and geographic regions.

[Investigation of the Relationship Between IL28B Polymorphisms and Plasma IL28B Levels in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B or C].

Some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the gene encoding interleukin 28B (IL28B) may increase susceptibility to infection and chronicity in humans with hepatitis B and C viruses. In our study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of rs12979860, rs8099917 and rs12980275 SNPs in IL28B in patients with hepatitis B (HBV) or hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection and to determine the relationship of these polymorphisms with plasma IL28B levels. For this purpose, 64 HBV-infected and 66 HCV-infected patients and 70 healthy individuals were included in the study.

Genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 isolates from patients in Turkey reveals the presence of novel mutations in spike and nsp12 proteins.

Novel mutations have been emerging in the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); consequently, the evolving of more virulent and treatment resistance strains have the potential to increase transmissibility and mortality rates. The characterization of full-length SARS-CoV-2 genomes is critical for understanding the origin and transmission pathways of the virus, as well as identifying mutations that affect the transmissibility and pathogenicity of the virus. We present an analysis of the mutation pattern and clade distribution of full-length SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences obtained from specimens tested at Gazi University Medical Virology Laboratory.

Effects of task-oriented training combined with aerobic training on serum BDNF, GDNF, IGF-1, VEGF, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels in people with Parkinson's disease: A randomized controlled study.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Exercise training, which is incorporated both goal-based training such as task-oriented training (TOT) and aerobic training (AT), has been suggested to induce neuroprotection. However, molecular mechanisms which may underlie exercise-induced neuroprotection are still largely unknown.

Determination and Role of Epstein-Barr Virus in Patients With Lymphoproliferative Disorders.

Introduction: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with different types of human malignancies, including Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and lymphomas. We retrospectively investigated the presence of EBV-DNA by real-time PCR in clinical samples of patients diagnosed as having hematologic malignancies while investigating the cause of lymphoproliferative disorders, and investigated its relationship to clinical manifestations.

Patients And Methods: Fifty clinical samples sent to Gazi University's hematology clinics between November 2013 and March 2018 were included.

Retrospective analysis of the association of the expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the TLR4, PTX3 and Dectin-1 (CLEC/A) genes with development of invasive aspergillosis among haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with oncohaematological disorders.

Objectives: Several studies described single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on pattern recognition receptor (PRR) such as toll-like receptors (TLRs), dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin-1/CLEC7A) genes of patients with invasive fungal infections (IFIs) caused by Candida and Aspergillus. We screened TLR4, Dectin-1 and PTX3 polymorphisms in a Turkish population with invasive aspergillosis (IA) underlying haematological malignancies.

Methods: In this case-control study, a cohort of 59 patients with haematological malignancies were included.

Task-oriented circuit training combined with aerobic training improves motor performance and balance in people with Parkinson's Disease.

Goal-based training such as task practice combined with aerobic training (AT) has been suggested to improve motor performance and neuroplasticity for people with Parkinson's Disease (PwPD); however, its effect on clinical outcomes is unclear. Therefore, the main aim was to investigate the effects of task-oriented circuit training combined with AT (TOCT-AT) on balance and gait in PwPD. The secondary aim was to investigate the effects of TOCT-AT on functional mobility, balance confidence, disease severity, and quality of life.

The Prevalence of Mixed Genotype Infections in Turkish Patients with Hepatitis C: a Multicentered Assessment.

Background: HCV virus infections are one of the major health problems in the world that can cause cirrhosis and liver cancer at a higher rate than other hepatitis data. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of mixed infections with different HCV genotypes in Turkey and also to evaluate the current HCV genotype and sub-type distributions by a multicentered assessment.

Methods: The HCV genotype data of 17,578 hepatitis C patients collected from 23 centers from different geographic regions covering all Turkey were collected.

Circulating Th17 cytokine levels are altered in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

The disrupted autoimmune response in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) has long been considered to be dominantly T helper type 1 (Th1) mediated. Recent advances in the field of immunology have introduced a new class of effector T cells, named 'Th17', which plays important roles in autoimmune disorders once thought to be merely Th1 mediated. We aimed to examine the levels of major Th17 cytokines in patients with HT in this study.

Immunomodulatory effects of voriconazole and caspofungin on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by Candida albicans and Candida krusei.

Background: Candida infections are frequently associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients. T cell-mediated and phagocytic immunity are the primary protective immune responses against fungal infections. Antifungal agents such as voriconazole and caspofungin enter phagocytic cells and lead to various intracellular activities.

In vitro effects of Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus on dendritic cells and the role of beta glucan in this effect.

Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) are able to initiate and regulate the immune response to fungal infections. β-glucan stimulates the immune system, modulating cellular and humoral immunity. It has a beneficial effect in fighting fungal infections.

Does Epstein-Barr virus infection have an influence on the development of laryngeal carcinoma? Detection of EBV by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction in tumour tissues of patients with laryngeal carcinoma.

Unlabelled: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a well-known carcinogenic virus, and the association of EBV with some tumours suggests that there may also be an association between laryngeal carcinoma and EBV.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the role of EBV in the aetiology of laryngeal carcinoma.

Method: Prospective investigation the EBV with real time polymerase chain reaction in tumour tissues of 25 patients with laryngeal carcinoma and 17 patients with benign laryngeal lesions, and investigation of the relationship between the presence of viral DNA and patients' smoking habits, alcohol consumption, localization and differentiation of the tumour.

Fractalkine (CX3CL1) levels in patients with Behçet's disease and neuro-Behçet's disease.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the role of CX3CL1 in patients with active and inactive Behçet's Disease (BD), Neuro-Behçet's Disease (NBD) and control subjects.

Methods: Fifty-six patients admitted to the BD and NBD Outpatient Clinics, and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Serum CX3CL1 levels were measured by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Cytokine profile in murine toxoplasmosis.

Objective: To investigate which cytokines are produced after acute infection of mice with Toxoplasma gondii (T. Gondii) RH strain.

Methods: Mus domesticus domesticus mice in infected group were inoculated with with highly virulent T.

[Investigation of interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma expression in experimental model of pulmonary aspergillosis].

Pulmonary aspergillosis which is an important opportunistic infection in neutropenic patients, is usually caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. Since the pathogenesis of disease is not well understood, the main proposed mechanism is thought to be cell-mediated immunity and cytokine response. The aim of this study was to investigate the local production of cytokines in the lung tissues of rats with experimentally developed aspergillosis, by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

[Investigation of BK and JC virus DNA positivities by real-time polymerase chain reaction in the clinical samples of patients with high risk].

Human polyomaviruses, namely BK (BKV) and JC (JCV) viruses are small DNA viruses that cause latent infections worldwide. Primary infections are usually acquired in the early periods of life and are generally asymptomatic. However BKV/JCV infections may cause severe clinical conditions in immunosuppressive patients such as bone marrow and solid organ transplantation or cancer patients.

[In vitro synergistic effect of moxifloxacin and amphotericin B combination against Candida strains].

Contradictory results such as synergy or indifferent effect, have been reported about the interactions between quinolones and antifungal drugs in different studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro susceptibilities of Candida spp. to moxifloxacin (MOX) alone and MOX + amphotericin B (AmB) combination.

Nosocomial transmission of Candida pelliculosa fungemia in a pediatric intensive care unit and review of the literature.

Horizontal transmission of Candida species in the hospital environment and the fungemia rates have increased in the past decade. We describe a nosocomial cluster of fungemia caused by Candida pelliculosa (teleomorph Pichia anomala) in four infants hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit. Candida isolates had strictly related fingerprints, as generated by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis using five different primer sets.

High incidence of Candida parapsilosis candidaemia in non-neutropenic critically ill patients: epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility.

The epidemiological and antifungal susceptibility data for 35 episodes of candidemia in intensive care units (ICU) in 2007 were evaluated by prospective active surveillance. The incidence of fungaemia was 39.1 cases per 1000 ICU admissions and 2.

Determination of the expression of lymphocyte surface markers and cytokine levels in a mouse model of Plasmodium berghei.

This study aimed to determine the changes in lymphocyte surface markers and cytokine profiles during a malarial infection in a mouse model of malaria. Mononuclear cells obtained from the spleens of the mice infected with Plasmodium berghei (P. berghei) were stained with anti-mouse CD3, anti-mouse CD4, anti-mouse CD8, anti-mouse CD19, anti-mouse CD152, anti-mouse pan natural killer (NK), anti-mouse CD80 monoclonal antibodies and expression of surface markers was evaluated by flow cytometry.