Lateralization outcomes of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling: desmopressin vs CRH.

Purpose: Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is the gold standard for localizing ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS). While corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) was initially used for stimulation, desmopressin has become a common alternative. This research evaluates desmopressin's effectiveness in lateralizing Cushing's disease (CD) during BIPSS compared to CRH stimulation.

Choroidal Thickness in Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion.

Objectives: To evaluate the patients with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) by means of choroidal thickness (CT) and also investigate whether CT may be a diagnostic tool in the management of MACS or not.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with MACS and 25 age-sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional comparative study. All the participants underwent CT measurement by using Spectralis optical coherence tomography (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) with enhanced deep imaging mode at the subfoveal, 500-1000-1500 µm nasal and 500-1000-1500 µm temporal to the foveola.

The effects of adequate dietary calcium intake in patients with hypoparathyroidism non-adherent to treatment: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Objective: A significant problem that compels clinicians in the conventional treatment of hypoparathyroidism is patients' non-adherence to treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adequate Ca intake with dietary recommendations among hypoparathyroidism patients who persistently use Ca supplementation irregularly on plasma Ca and phosphate levels.

Methods: This prospective, randomized, controlled study was conducted on patients diagnosed with chronic hypoparathyroidism who persistently interrupt Ca supplementation therapy and therefore have a hypocalcemic course.

Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Idiopathic Hirsutism Compared to Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Objective: Hirsutism affects 5-15% of women of reproductive age. Health-related quality of life (HQOL) is a multidimensional assessment of well-being that considers the physical, social, and emotional aspects associated with a specific disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate HQOL in patients diagnosed with idiopathic hirsutism (IH) and compare it with patients diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

The Role of Serum Inflammation-Based Scores in Diagnosis and Assessing Remission in Cushing's Disease.

Objectives: Chronic hypercortisolism causes diverse alterations in the immune system and inflammatory disruptions. Serum inflammation-based scores (SIBS) are indicators of systemic inflammatory status. This study aims to determine the role of SIBS in the diagnosis and evaluation of remission in patients with Cushing's disease (CD).

Risk of impulse control disorders in patients with Cushing's disease: do not blame cabergoline but do not give up caution.

Purpose: To asses risk of new-onset impulse control disorders (ICDs) in patients with Cushing's disease (CD) who initiated cabergoline (CBG) and to determine frequency of ICDs in CBG-treated patients with CD.

Methods: This naturalistic observational study had prospective and cross-sectional arms which included patients at five referral centers based in Istanbul. Patients who were scheduled for CBG were assigned to prospective arm.

Frequency of Metabolic Syndrome in Paget's Disease of Bone.

Objectives: Our aim is to verify the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Paget's disease of bone (PDB) and to reveal the relationship between MetS and bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels.

Methods: Twenty-three patients with PDB and 30 healthy subjects matched with age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were recruited from the outpatient clinics of endocrinology. The ınternational diabetes federation -2006 MetS criteria were used for the evaluation of all participants.

Risk of hypercalcemia in patients with very high serum 25-OH vitamin D levels.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the risk of hypercalcemia in patients with very high levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D).

Methods: The distribution of patients who were screened for 25(OH)D in our hospital between January 2014 and December 2018 was evaluated and patients with serum concentrations of 25(OH)D >88 ng/mL were selected. Then, biochemical parameters of the cases with 25(OH)D >88 ng/mL were compared according to calcium status, vitamin D level (group 1, 88-100 ng/mL; group 2, 100-150 ng/mL, and group 3, >150 ng/mL), and gender.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Overtreatment and Deintensification of Antidiabetic and Antihypertensive Medications in Diabetes Mellitus: The TEMD Overtreatment Study.

Introduction: Targeting better glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood pressure (BP) goals may endanger older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Overtreatment of T2DM and hypertension is a trending issue, although undertreatment is still common. We investigated the rates and predictors of overtreatment and undertreatment of glycemia and BP in older adults with T2DM and physicians' attitudes to deintensify or intensify treatment.

Evaluation of Paraoxonase, Arylesterase, and Homocysteine Thiolactonase Activities in Patients with Diabetes and Incipient Diabetes Nephropathy.

Background: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship among the changes in activities of paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (ARE) and homocysteine thiolactonase (HTLase) enzyme having antioxidant properties and the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most common complications of diabetes.

Methods: Normoalbuminuric type-2 diabetic patients (Group II, n=100), microalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients (Group III, n=100) and the control group (Group I, n=100) were included in the study. The age and gender of the patient groups matched with the age and gender of the control group.

Boron-rich diet may regulate blood lipid profile and prevent obesity: A non-drug and self-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Boron is an element commonly found in nature. The main boron source for organisms is through food and drinking water. In recent years, it is suggested that the "boron-rich diet" can affect human health positively.

Is only Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Sufficient for Diagnosing Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis?

Objectives: Recently, only anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) has been suggested as an autoantibody in the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT). In contrast, anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) positivity has also been reported to be important. To evaluate this relationship more clearly, we planned to retrospectively investigate the autoantibody levels of the patients who underwent thyroid surgery for various reasons and those with CLT in postoperative pathology.

Effects of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on Parathyroid Hormone, Vitamin D, Calcium, Phosphorus, and Albumin Levels.

Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) reduces obesity-related co-morbidities, such as diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Endocrinological abnormalities may occur as undesired side effects. Most centers routinely prescribe folic acid, cyanocobalamin (vitB12), and protein replacement in the postoperative period, but 25-OH-vitamin-D3 (vitD) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels are not routinely followed up.

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with female sexual dysfunction in premenopausal women.

Purpose: To assess female sexual functions in women who were affected by vitamin D deficiency.

Methods: A total of 50 women with FSD and 58 healthy women controls were included in the study, according to the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire using a 26.55 cutoff value.

Which is the best predictor of thyroid cancer: thyrotropin, thyroglobulin or their ratio?

Objective: Since documented incidence of thyroid cancer has been rising over time, in part due to incidental small papillary cancer, several studies have been carried out to investigate the role of possible serum markers of thyroid cancer prior to surgery.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Aim: To investigate the role of thyroglobulin (Tg), thyrotropin (TSH) and the TSH:Tg, Tg:TSH ratio in the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer.

Postoperative effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in morbid obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy has become one of the most popular bariatric surgery types and helps treating not only obesity but also endocrinological diseases related to obesity. Therefore we aimed to evaluate the effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: All patients, who underwent morbid obesity surgery during 2013-2014 and had a HbA1c >6 % were included in this prospective study.

A Rare Presentation of Autonomously Functioning Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Malignancy in Marine-Lenhart Syndrome Nodule.

Objective. Marine-Lenhart Syndrome (MLS) is defined as concomitant occurrence of autonomously functioning thyroid nodule (AFTN) with Graves' disease (GD). Malignancy in a functional nodule is rare.

Dietary glycemic factors, insulin resistance, and adiponectin levels in acne vulgaris.

Background: There is increasing evidence to support the relationship between acne vulgaris and diet.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations among dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, milk consumption, insulin resistance, and adiponectin levels in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris.

Methods: The dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, milk consumption, fasting glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor)-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, adiponectin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance values of 50 patients with acne vulgaris and 36 healthy control subjects were measured.

The diagnostic value of late-night salivary cortisol for diagnosis of subclinical Cushing's syndrome.

Introduction: Late-night salivary cortisol is a frequently used and easily implemented diagnostically valuable test for the diagnosis of overt Cushing's syndrome. The use of late-night salivary cortisol in the diagnosis of subclinical Cushing's syndrome is somewhat controversial. In this study, we aimed to determine the diagnostic value of late-night salivary cortisol in diagnosing subclinical Cushing's syndrome and compare it with 24-hour urinary free cortisol levels (UFC).

IS BIOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA NECESSARY IN ADRENAL INCIDENTALOMAS WITH MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FEATURES NOT SUGGESTIVE OF PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA?

Objective: Currently, it is unclear whether pheochromocytomas can be ruled out based on low intensity on T2-weighted sequences and signal loss on out-of-phase magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. Hence, in this study, we investigated whether biochemical screening for pheochromocytoma in patients with adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) showing MRI features not suggesting pheochromocytoma would prove beneficial.

Methods: We performed MRI for 300 AIs in 278 consecutive patients.

Patients with normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism may have similar metabolic profile as hypercalcemic patients.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is well known to be associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, it is unclear whether normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NC-PHPT) and hypercalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (HC-PHPT) share the same risk factors. We aimed to determine prevalence of metabolic syndrome in NC-PHPT and compare metabolic syndrome parameters and insulin resistance in NC-PHPT subjects with those in HC-PHPT and control subjects.

Expression of voltage gated potassium channel ether à go-go in pituitary adenomas of patients with acromegaly: A preliminary study.

Objective: To determine immunohistochemical expression of Eag1 in pituitary adenomas of patients with acromegaly and to assess the correlation between Eag1 expression with cavernous sinus invasion, tumoral Ki-67 labeling index (LI), age and gender of the patients.

Methods: The paraffin embedded pituitary adenoma tissue sections of 28 patients with acromegaly who were diagnosed as monohormonal growth hormone (GH) secreting adenomas were immunostained for Eag1 using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Eag1 immunoreactivity was scored according to the extensity of the cytoplasm and cell membrane immunoreactivity for Eag1 (score 1 = <10%, score 2 = 10-25%, score 3 = 25-50% and score 4 = >50% of the adenoma cells showed immunoreactivity for Eag1, respectively).

A case of Madelung's disease accompanied by Klinefelter's syndrome.

Unlabelled: Madelung's disease is a rare fat metabolism disorder characterised by benign multiple symmetric, encapsulated lipomatosis. The exact cause of the disease is unknown; it may be associated with chronic alcoholism and mutations in mitochondrial DNA (A8344G), but there have been cases without these factors reported in the literature. A 29-year-old man with a 6-year history of diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital for poorly regulated diabetes and decreased libido.

Anterior pituitary hormone deficiency in subjects with total and partial primary empty sella: do all cases need endocrinological evaluation?

Aim: To compare anterior pituitary functions between subjects with total and partial primary empty sella (PES) and to assess whether all cases with PES need endocrinological evaluation.

Material And Methods: Eighty-one subjects with PES (34 total and 47 partial) were included in the study. Basal anterior pituitary and its target hormones were assessed and those with low insulin like growth factor-1 and/or low basal cortisol levels underwent insulin tolerance test (ITT).