Landmark errors on posteroanterior cephalograms.

Introduction: It is important to reduce the method errors when evaluating posteroanterior cephalograms to see either small deviations from normal or transverse changes caused by orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to determine horizontal and vertical intraexaminer and interexaminer agreement in localization of landmarks in posteroanterior cephalograms of adult patients.

Methods: The sample was gathered retrospectively from the archives of the Department of Orthodontics of Yeditepe University in Istanbul, Turkey.

Maxillary buccal cortical plate inclination at mini-screw insertion sites.

Objective: To evaluate whether buccal cortical bone inclination varies for the maxillary alveolar processes of adult patients with decreased, normal, and increased facial heights.

Materials And Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images of 135 adult patients, including 49 hypodivergent subjects (26 women, 23 men), 40 hyperdivergent subjects (24 women, 16 men), and 46 normodivergent (25 women, 21 men) were analyzed. Cortical bone inclination measurements were made relative to the occlusal plane.

Metal ion release from silver soldering and laser welding caused by different types of mouthwash.

Objective: To compare metal ion release from samples welded with silver soldering and laser welding when immersed into mouthwashes with different ingredients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 72 samples were prepared: 36 laser welded and 36 silver soldered. Four samples were chosen from each subgroup to study the morphologic changes on their surfaces via scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

In vitro effects of two topical varnish materials and Er:YAG laser irradiation on enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets.

The aim of this in vitro was to evaluate the effects of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) containing varnish materials and Er:YAG laser irradiation on enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets. Forty extracted human premolar teeth were randomly divided into four treatment groups (i.e.

The genetic basis of dental anomalies and its relation to orthodontics.

The interruption of odontogenesis by any etiological factor may result in dental anomalies. Apart from the environmental factors, the impact of genetics in dental anomalies was found to be a factor in different levels. Many authors had questioned a common genetic defect resulting in different phenotypic conditions such as absent, malformed, malposed or ectopic teeth.

The effects of three different mouth rinses in a 4-day supragingival plaque regrowth study.

Objective: This study compares the effects of three different mouth rinses with respect to reducing Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) colony counts on the teeth and tongue surfaces.

Materials And Methods: In this study, comparison tests using the alcohol-free 0.

Effects of fixed functional therapy on tongue and hyoid positions and posterior airway.

Objective: To evaluate how therapy with a fixed functional appliance affects airway dimensions, dentoalveolar changes, and tongue and hyoid positions.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 46 pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of 23 post-peak Class II patients (12 girls, 11 boys) treated with a Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD) appliance. The radiographies were taken at the start and at the end of Forsus FRD appliance therapy when a Class I or overcorrected Class I canine and molar relationship was achieved.

The genetic basis of facial skeletal characteristics and its relation with orthodontics.

Successful treatment of any orthodontic problem depends on an appropriate diagnosis of its etiology. It is well known that the genetics, as well as environmental factors, play an important role on the etiology of skeletal anomalies. Recent studies and advances in genetic sciences allowed the orthodontists to better understand the effects of genetics on the etiology of dentofacial characteristics and pathologies which in turn supported the effects of the genes in the development of dentofacial complex.

Effects of different application durations of scanning laser method on debonding strength of laminate veneers.

Porcelain laminate veneers as esthetic and minimally invasive restorations are being used as an alternative to full veneer crowns. However, the removal of porcelain veneers that have failed may be an uncomfortable and time-consuming procedure because of the high bond strength between the porcelain laminate veneers and the tooth surface. The purpose of this study was to prepare a simple and reliable method for porcelain laminate veneer debonding by using an Er:YAG laser with the scanning method and to determine the amount of lasing time required.