Effects of feed particle size, calcium concentration and phytase supplementation on InsP degradation in broiler chickens fed pelleted diets.

1. The objective of the trial was to study the single and interactive effects of feed particle size in pelleted feed, dietary calcium (Ca) concentration and microbial phytase supplementation in broiler chickens. The studied traits were -inositol (1,2,3,4,5,6) hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP) degradation, pre-caecal digestibility of phosphorus (P), Ca and amino acids (AA) and retention of P, Ca and nitrogen (N).

Effect of dietary calcium source, exogenous phytase, and formic acid on inositol phosphate degradation, mineral and amino acid digestibility, and microbiota in growing pigs.

The choice of the calcium (Ca) source in pig diets and the addition of formic acid may affect the gastrointestinal inositol phosphate (InsP) degradation and thereby, phosphorus (P) digestibility in pigs. This study assessed the effects of different Ca sources (Ca carbonate, Ca formate), exogenous phytase, and chemical acidification on InsP degradation, nutrient digestion and retention, blood metabolites, and microbiota composition in growing pigs. In a randomized design, 8 ileal-cannulated barrows (24 kg initial BW) were fed 5 diets containing Ca formate or Ca carbonate as the only mineral Ca addition, with or without 1,500 FTU/kg of an exogenous hybrid 6-phytase.

Stepwise Reduction of Dietary Phosphorus in Diets for Piglets and Fattening Pigs of Different Genetic Origin Housed under Various Station Environments-A Ringtest.

The reduction of emissions of nutrients from livestock is one of the main topics in areas with intensive animal husbandry. In order to minimize the loss of nutrients into the environment, it is common practice to feed animals as close as possible to metabolic demands. For phosphorus (P), there are various studies for swine and poultry, which showed that a reduction of dietary P levels is possible, if a sufficient level of phytase is added to the diet.

[Recommendations for Education in Sonography in Prehospital Emergency Medicine (pPOCUS): Consensus paper of DGINA, DGAI, BAND, BV-ÄLRD, DGU, DIVI and DGIIN].

Point-of-care sonography is a precondition in acute and emergency medicine for the diagnosis and initiation of therapy for critically ill and injured patients. While emergency sonography is a mandatory part of the training for clinical acute and emergency medicine, it is not everywhere required for prehospital emergency medicine. Although some medical societies in Germany have already established their own learning concepts for emergency ultrasound, a uniform national training concept for the use of emergency sonography in the out-of-hospital setting is still lacking.

[Recommendations for Education in Sonography in Prehospital Emergency Medicine (pPOCUS): Consensus paper of DGINA, DGAI, BAND, BV-ÄLRD, DGU, DIVI and DGIIN].

Point-of-care sonography is a precondition in acute and emergency medicine for the diagnosis and initiation of therapy for critically ill and injured patients. While emergency sonography is a mandatory part of the training for clinical acute and emergency medicine, it is not everywhere required for prehospital emergency medicine. Although some medical societies in Germany have already established their own learning concepts for emergency ultrasound, a uniform national training concept for the use of emergency sonography in the out-of-hospital setting is still lacking.

Effect of dietary calcium concentration and exogenous phytase on inositol phosphate degradation, mineral digestibility, and gut microbiota in growing pigs.

Variations in the dietary Ca concentration may affect inositol phosphate (InsP) degradation, and thereby, P digestibility in pigs. This study assessed the effects of dietary Ca concentration and exogenous phytase on InsP degradation, nutrient digestion and retention, blood metabolites, and microbiota composition in growing pigs with ileal cannulation. In a completely randomized row-column design with four periods, eight ileal-cannulated barrows (initial body weight 27 kg) were fed four corn-soybean- and rapeseed meal-based diets containing 5.

Analysis of sysdiagnose in iOS 15 to identify the sending phone number of AirDrop data.

Modern cell phones allow for easy communication and transfer of data between devices. Unfortunately, some of the data transferred can be of unwelcomed, illicit, or threatening imagery and other files; digital forensic examiners are often asked to identify the source of these files. In this project, we developed a method to gain insights into the device used to send a file via Apple AirDrop.

Phytase Supplementation Effects on Amino Acid Digestibility in Broiler Chickens are Influenced by Dietary Calcium Concentrations but not by Acid-Binding Capacity.

Background: Responses to dietary calcium (Ca) and supplemented phytase on prececal amino acid digestibility (pcAAD) in broiler chickens vary among studies. The variation may arise from the dietary acid-binding capacity (ABC) that influences the activity of enzymes in the digestive tract and from microbial activity.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether the ABC influences phytase effects on pcAAD and whether microbial activity contributes to this.

Relative phytase efficacy values as affected by response traits, including ileal microbiota composition.

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of graded inclusions of 2 phytase products and a mineral P source in broiler chickens using different response traits, including ileum microbiota composition. Eleven experimental diets were used. These were a low-P basal diet and diets supplemented with increasing levels of dicalcium phosphate (DCP), Natuphos E 5000 G (NE), or Natuphos 5000 G (N).

Effects of calcium level and source, formic acid, and phytase on phytate degradation and the microbiota in the digestive tract of broiler chickens.

Background: Diet acidification, dietary calcium (Ca) level, and phytase supplementation are known influences on the microbial community in the digestive tract and on phosphorus (P) utilization of broiler chickens. Effects of dietary factors and microbiota on P utilization may be linked because microorganisms produce enzymes that release P from phytate (InsP), the main source of P in plant feedstuffs. This study aimed to detect linkages between microbiota and InsP degradation by acidifying diets (i.

Exploring a New Systematic Route for Left Ventricular Pacing in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.

Background: Frequency and distribution of left ventricular (LV) venous collaterals were studied in vivo to evaluate the ease and feasibility of implanting a new ultra-thin LV quadripolar microlead for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).

Methods and results: Evaluable venograms were analyzed to define the prevalence of venous collaterals (>0.5 mm diameter) between: (1) different LV segments; and (2) different major LV veins in: unselected patients who underwent CRT from 2008 to 2012 at Rouen Hospital, France (retrospective); and CRT patients from the Axone Acute pilot study in 2018 (prospective).

Lung ultrasound in the emergency department - a valuable tool in the management of patients presenting with respiratory symptoms during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Background: Typical lung ultrasound (LUS) findings in patients with a COVID-19 infection were reported early on. During the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, LUS was propagated as a useful instrument in triage and monitoring. We evaluated LUS as a rapid diagnostic triage tool for the management of patients with suspected COVID-19 in the emergency department (ED).

[Pulmonary Sonography in Patients With Suspected COVID-19 - Step-by-Step].

Pulmonary sonography can be a valuable aid in the differential diagnosis of a variety of cardiopulmonary diseases, including patients with COVID-19. Pulmonary sonography is an examination method that is also quickly available at the bedside without additional risks for the patient. When COVID-19 is suspected, lung sonography is a valuable component of initial diagnosis when used systematically, performed hygienically and correctly.

Phytase supplementation effects on amino acid digestibility depend on the protein source in the diet but are not related to InsP degradation in broiler chickens.

The objective was to determine phytase effects on prececal amino acid (AA) digestibility and phytate (InsP) breakdown when different oilseed meals were used in broiler chicken diets. The study included 14 diets: a corn-soybean meal (SBM) basal diet and 6 diets that contained SBM, rapeseed meal (RSM), and sunflower meal (SFM) with 2 inclusion levels at the expense of corn starch (150 and 300 g/kg SBM or SFM, or 100 and 200 g/kg RSM). Each diet was mixed with or without a phytase supplement of 1,500 FTU/kg.

Prececal amino acid digestibility and phytate degradation in broiler chickens when using different oilseed meals, phytase and protease supplements in the feed.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of phytase and protease supplementation on prececal (pc) amino acid (AA) digestibility, phytate (InsP6) degradation, and MEn concentration in diets using 3 oilseed meals as main protein sources in broiler chicken feed. The broiler chicken diets, which lacked mineral phosphorus, contained either soybean meal (SBM), SBM and rapeseed meal (SBM/RSM), or SBM and sunflower meal (SBM/SFM) as main protein sources. Diets were not supplemented with enzymes or supplemented with 1,500 or 3,000 FTU phytase/kg, or with 1,600 mg protease/kg.

The mandibular plane: a stable reference to localize the mandibular foramen, even during growth.

Objectives: The location of the mandibular foramen is essential for the quality of the inferior alveolar nerve block anaesthesia and has often been studied with contradictory results over the years. The aim of this study was to locate the mandibular foramen, according to the dental age of the subject, through 3D analysis.

Methods: Three-dimensional images were reconstructed from mandibular computed tomography of 260 children, adolescents and adults.

Effects of protease and phytase supplements on small intestinal microbiota and amino acid digestibility in broiler chickens.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of protease origin and dosage on the prececal (pc) amino acid (AA) digestibility and the influence on composition of the microbial community in the small intestine. In addition, the effects of phytase supplementation were investigated. A total of 8 dietary treatments were included.

Kinesthetic stimulation for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: An "on-off" proof of concept trial.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) occurs when the upper airway narrows or collapses due to the loss of upper airway muscle activation at sleep onset. This study investigated the effectiveness of triggered kinesthetic stimulation in patients with OSA. This proof-of-concept, open-label, multicenter prospective study was conducted on 24 patients with severe OSA.

Regulation of cerebral metabolism during cortical spreading depression.

We analyzed the metabolic response to cortical spreading depression that drastically increases local energy demand to restore ion homeostasis. During single and multiple cortical spreading depressions in the rat cortex, we simultaneously monitored extracellular levels of glucose and lactate using rapid sampling microdialysis and glucose influx using 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography while tracking cortical spreading depression using laser speckle imaging. Combining the acquired data with steady-state requirements we developed a mass-conserving compartment model including neurons and glia that was consistent with the observed data.

The continuum of spreading depolarizations in acute cortical lesion development: Examining Leão's legacy.

A modern understanding of how cerebral cortical lesions develop after acute brain injury is based on Aristides Leão's historic discoveries of spreading depression and asphyxial/anoxic depolarization. Treated as separate entities for decades, we now appreciate that these events define a continuum of spreading mass depolarizations, a concept that is central to understanding their pathologic effects. Within minutes of acute severe ischemia, the onset of persistent depolarization triggers the breakdown of ion homeostasis and development of cytotoxic edema.

Recording, analysis, and interpretation of spreading depolarizations in neurointensive care: Review and recommendations of the COSBID research group.

Spreading depolarizations (SD) are waves of abrupt, near-complete breakdown of neuronal transmembrane ion gradients, are the largest possible pathophysiologic disruption of viable cerebral gray matter, and are a crucial mechanism of lesion development. Spreading depolarizations are increasingly recorded during multimodal neuromonitoring in neurocritical care as a causal biomarker providing a diagnostic summary measure of metabolic failure and excitotoxic injury. Focal ischemia causes spreading depolarization within minutes.

Psychosocial and physical outcome following kidney donation-a retrospective analysis.

Living renal donation is of benefit to the allograft recipient. Careful analysis of the donor outcome is necessary with respect to the medical condition, socioeconomic status, and health-related quality of life. All living kidney donors of the Transplant Center at Heidelberg were included.

Detecting tissue deterioration after brain injury: regional blood flow level versus capacity to raise blood flow.

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) is spatially and temporally adjusted to local energy needs. This coupling involves dilation of vessels both at the site of metabolite exchange and upstream of the activated region. Deficits in upstream blood supply limit the 'capacity to raise rCBF' in response to functional activation and therefore compromise brain function.

Device for simultaneous positron emission tomography, laser speckle imaging and RGB reflectometry: validation and application to cortical spreading depression and brain ischemia in rats.

Brain function critically relies on the supply with energy substrates (oxygen and glucose) via blood flow. Alterations in energy demand as during neuronal activation induce dynamic changes in substrate fluxes and blood flow. To study the complex system that regulates cerebral metabolism requires the combination of methods for the simultaneous assessment of multiple parameters.