Local rainfall is more likely than distant thunderstorms to affect movement behaviour in Northern Kenyan elephants.

Previous research indicates that African savanna elephants change their movements preceding or coincident with local rainfall and it has been suggested that they respond to thunder in remote storms-perhaps reading seismic cues. We therefore aimed to test if elephants in Northern Kenya adhere to distinct daytime movement states between the wet and dry periods, and whether their abrupt movement changes precede local wet periods in response to lightning strikes from a specific compass heading. In our study site, lightning to the North and East often preceded local rainfall and could possibly be used to anticipate local wet periods, but local rainfall appears a more likely trigger of behavioural change.

National assessments of money laundering risks: Stumbling at the start.

The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) requires national governments to demonstrate an understanding of the distribution of money laundering risks across different sectors of the financial system. Such understanding is the foundation for effective control of money laundering under the risk-based approach called for by the FATF. We analyzed the National Risk Assessments (NRAs) of eight systemically important countries before 2020 to test whether these demonstrated that basic understanding.

A synthetic data set to benchmark anti-money laundering methods.

Bank transactions are highly confidential. As a result, there are no real public data sets that can be used to investigate and compare anti-money laundering (AML) methods in banks. This severely limits research on important AML problems such as efficiency, effectiveness, class imbalance, concept drift, and interpretability.

Psychotic-like experiences and multimorbid psychopathology: The relationship between the 16-item prodromal questionnaire and DSM-IV classifications in a help-seeking population.

Aim: Identifying multimorbid psychopathology is necessary to offer more adequate treatment and ultimately reduce the prevalence of persistent mental illnesses. Psychotic symptoms are increasingly seen as a transdiagnostic indicator of multimorbidity, severity and complexity of non-psychotic psychopathology. This study aims to investigate whether psychotic-like experiences and subclinical psychotic symptoms as measured by the 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire are also associated with multimorbid psychopathology.

Human footprint and protected areas shape elephant range across Africa.

Over the last two millennia, and at an accelerating pace, the African elephant (Loxodonta spp. Lin.) has been threatened by human activities across its range.

Scaling and discriminability of perceived gloss.

While much attention has been given to understanding biases in gloss perception (e.g., changes in perceived reflectance as a function of lighting, shape, viewpoint, and other factors), here we investigated sensitivity to changes in surface reflectance.

Estimating money laundering flows with a gravity model-based simulation.

It is important to understand the amounts and types of money laundering flows, since they have very different effects and, therefore, need different enforcement strategies. Countries that mainly deal with criminals laundering their proceeds locally, need other measures than countries that mainly deal with foreign illegal investments or dirty money just flowing through the country. This paper has two main contributions.

In search of opportunity and community: Internal migration of refugees in the United States.

At a time of heightened anxiety surrounding immigration, state governments have increasingly sought to manage immigrant and refugee flows. Yet the factors that influence where immigrants choose to settle after arrival remain unclear. We bring evidence to this question by analyzing population-level data for refugees resettled within the United States.

Strategies to avoid blacklisting: The case of statistics on money laundering.

Financial and legal entities (e.g. banks, casinos, notaries etc.

Determinants of refugee naturalization in the United States.

The United States operates the world's largest refugee resettlement program. However, there is almost no systematic evidence on whether refugees successfully integrate into American society over the long run. We address this gap by drawing on linked administrative data to directly measure a long-term integration outcome: naturalization rates.

Improving refugee integration through data-driven algorithmic assignment.

Developed democracies are settling an increased number of refugees, many of whom face challenges integrating into host societies. We developed a flexible data-driven algorithm that assigns refugees across resettlement locations to improve integration outcomes. The algorithm uses a combination of supervised machine learning and optimal matching to discover and leverage synergies between refugee characteristics and resettlement sites.

Explaining opposition to refugee resettlement: The role of NIMBYism and perceived threats.

One week after President Donald Trump signed a controversial executive order to reduce the influx of refugees to the United States, we conducted a survey experiment to understand American citizens' attitudes toward refugee resettlement. Specifically, we evaluated whether citizens consider the geographic context of the resettlement program (that is, local versus national) and the degree to which they are swayed by media frames that increasingly associate refugees with terrorist threats. Our findings highlight a collective action problem: Participants are consistently less supportive of resettlement within their own communities than resettlement elsewhere in the country.

ImpastoR: a realistic surface display system.

In this paper we describe our efforts to create a surface display system that produces realistic representations of real-world surfaces. Our system, based on a desktop PC with GPU hardware, LCD display, light and position sensors, and custom graphics software, supports the photometrically accurate and visually realistic real-time simulation and display of surfaces with complex color, gloss, and textural properties in real-world lighting environments, and allows users to interact with and manipulate these virtual surfaces as naturally as if they were real ones. We explain the system design, illustrate its capabilities, describe experiments we conducted to validate its fidelity, and discuss potential applications in material appearance research and computer-aided appearance design.

Metacognitive group training for schizophrenia spectrum patients with delusions: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Metacognitive training (MCT) for patients with psychosis is a psychological group intervention that aims to educate patients about common cognitive biases underlying delusion formation and maintenance, and to highlight their negative consequences in daily functioning.

Method: In this randomized controlled trial, 154 schizophrenia spectrum patients with delusions were randomly assigned to either MCT + treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. Both groups were assessed at baseline, and again after 8 and 24 weeks.

Acute pancreatitis in peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis: risk, clinical course, outcome, and possible aetiology.

Background: It has been suggested that the incidence of acute pancreatitis in patients with end stage renal failure is increased.

Aims: To assess the risk of acute pancreatitis in patients on long term peritoneal dialysis and long term haemodialysis compared with the general population, to evaluate its clinical course and outcome, and to identify possible aetiological factors.

Patients: All patients who were maintained on long term peritoneal dialysis and/or haemodialysis (total dialysis time more than six weeks) from January 1989 to March 1998 in a large general hospital in The Netherlands.

[Whipple's disease in a man with weight loss and diarrhea].

In a 45-year-old man with diarrhoea, upper abdominal pain and malabsorption Whipple's disease was diagnosed by gastroduodenoscopy with small bowel biopsies. The disease is rare and can present with gastrointestinal problems but also with cardiac or neurological complaints. Tropheryma whippelii, the aetiological organism, can be demonstrated by pathological investigation of biopsies and with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Colonic pseudo-obstruction due to beta2-microglobulin amyloidosis after long-term haemodialysis.

Beta2-microglobulin (A beta2M) amyloidosis is a relatively new secondary amyloidosis associated with renal failure and haemo- and peritoneal dialysis. Although beta2-microglobulin depositions are systemic, clinical manifestations are limited to articular and para-articular disease in most cases. A very limited number of patients have been reported with extra-articular manifestations including those of the gastrointestinal tract.

Preliminary experience with a new ultraviolet-cured expandable plastic endoprosthesis in the management of malignant esophageal strictures.

Background And Study Aims: Different types of expandable metal stent are currently available for the palliative treatment of malignant esophageal strictures. To overcome some of the disadvantages involved in the design of metal mesh stents, we designed a balloon-expanded plastic endoprosthesis, which is hardened by irradiation with ultraviolet light after deployment. We present here our preliminary results.

CT before and after ERCP: detection of pancreatic pseudotumor, asymptomatic retroperitoneal perforation, and duodenal diverticulum.

Background: A prospective study was done to investigate the occurrence of morphologic changes after ERCP that present as pancreatic pseudotumor on CT scan. Fifty-eight patients underwent CT before and after ERCP. In addition, post-ERCP complications and the value of routinely obtained CT before ERCP were assessed.

The Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, an unusual presentation.

The Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome consists of adnexitis combined with perihepatitis. Prompt therapy with adequate antibiotics is required to prevent damaging complications. We describe a young woman with an unusual presentation, leading to initial confusion about the proper diagnosis.

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of 1.5 compared with 3.0 g oral slow-release mesalazine (Pentasa) in the maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis. Dutch Pentasa Study Group.

Objective: To investigate a possible dose-effect relationship with two dosages of oral slow-release mesalazine in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis.

Method: One hundred and sixty-nine patients with ulcerative colitis in remission were treated with either 1.5 or 3.

Subtypes of intestinal metaplasia and Helicobacter pylori.

To determine whether there is a relationship between the presence of H pylori and the various subtypes of intestinal metaplasia in the gastric antrum, 2274 antral gastroscopic biopsies from 533 patients were examined. H pylori was found in 289 patients. Intestinal metaplasia in general was found in 135 patients.

Time trends in gastric carcinoma: changing patterns of type and location.

To determine whether there have been major changes in various aspects of gastric carcinoma, we reviewed the records of 302 patients with gastric cancer diagnosed between 1973 and 1989. Patients were divided into two groups: group I, 1973-80 (n = 163), and group II, 1981-88 (n = 139). On admission, no significant differences in presenting symptoms and physical signs were found, except for an increase in dysphagia (p less than 0.