Community and household-level incarceration and its association with mental health in a racially/ethnically diverse sample of families.

This study examines the association between community incarceration rates, household incarceration, and the mental health of parents and children. Participant families had children ages 5-9 (n = 1307) from the African American, Latinx, Hmong, Somali/Ethiopian, Native American, and White communities in the Twin Cities, Minnesota. Linear mixed models were used to estimate associations between parent and child mental health, household incarceration exposure, and census tract race, ethnicity and gender-specific incarceration rates matched to the family's home address and race/ethnicity.

Momentary Factors and Study Characteristics Associated With Participant Burden and Protocol Adherence: Ecological Momentary Assessment.

Background: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has become a popular mobile health study design to understand the lived experiences of dynamic environments. The numerous study design choices available to EMA researchers, however, may quickly increase participant burden and could affect overall adherence, which could limit the usability of the collected data.

Objective: This study quantifies what study design, participant attributes, and momentary factors may affect self-reported burden and adherence.

Impact of Surface Ligand Identity and Density on the Thermodynamics of H Atom Uptake at Polyoxovanadate-Alkoxide Surfaces.

An understanding of how molecular structure influences the thermodynamics of H atom transfer is critical to designing efficient catalysts for reductive chemistries. Herein, we report experimental and theoretical investigations summarizing structure-function relationships of polyoxovanadate-alkoxides that influence bond dissociation free energies of hydroxide ligands located at the surface of the cluster. We evaluate the thermochemical descriptors of O-H bond strength for a series of clusters, namely [VO(OH)(TRIOL)] ( = 2, 4, 6; R = NO, Me) and [VO(OMe)(OH)(TRIOL)], via computational analysis and open circuit potential measurements.

Using enrollment records to evaluate self-reports of monthly coverage in the redesigned current population survey health insurance module.

Objective: To evaluate the veracity of self-reports of month-level health insurance coverage in the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS).

Data Sources And Study Setting: The CHIME (Comparing Health Insurance Measurement Error) study used health insurance enrollment records from a large regional Midwest insurer as sample for primary data collection in spring 2015.

Study Design: A sample of individuals enrolled in a range of public and private coverage types (including Medicaid and marketplace) was administered the CPS health insurance module, which included questions about month-level coverage, by type, over a 17-18-month time span.

Efficient Hole Transfer from CdSe Quantum Dots Enabled by Oxygen-Deficient Polyoxovanadate-Alkoxide Clusters.

A limitation of the implementation of cadmium chalcogenide quantum dots (QDs) in charge transfer systems is the efficient removal of photogenerated holes. Rapid hole transfer has typically required the functionalization of hole acceptors with groups that can coordinate to the surface of the QD. In addition to being synthetically limiting, this strategy also necessitates a competitive binding equilibrium between the hole acceptor and native, solubilizing ligands on the nanocrystal.

Real-time predictors of food parenting practices and child eating behaviors in racially/ethnically diverse families.

Background: Prior research has shown associations between controlling food parenting practices (e.g., pressure-to-eat, restriction) and factors that increase risk for cardiovascular disease in children (e.

Identifying heterogeneity using recursive partitioning: evidence from SMS nudges encouraging voluntary retirement savings in Mexico.

Individuals regularly struggle to save for retirement. Using a large-scale field experiment ( ) in Mexico, we test the effectiveness of several behavioral interventions relative to existing policy and each other geared toward improving voluntary retirement savings contributions. We find that an intervention framing savings as a way to secure one's family future significantly improves contribution rates.

Household food insecurity is associated with greater prevalence and 18-month incidence of a range of disordered eating behaviors in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of parents.

This study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between household food insecurity (FI) and a range of disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) and explored whether associations differ by Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)/Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) participation. Data came from 1120 racially/ethnically diverse parents (M = 35.7 ± 7.

A three-arm randomized controlled trial using ecological momentary intervention, community health workers, and video feedback at family meals to improve child cardiovascular health: the Family Matters study design.

Background: Numerous observational studies show associations between family meal frequency and markers of child cardiovascular health including healthful diet quality and lower weight status. Some studies also show the "quality" of family meals, including dietary quality of the food served and the interpersonal atmosphere during meals, is associated with markers of child cardiovascular health. Additionally, prior intervention research indicates that immediate feedback on health behaviors (e.

A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial Using Ecological Momentary Intervention, Community Health Workers, and Video Feedback at Family Meals to Improve Child Cardiovascular Health: The Family Matters Study Design.

Numerous observational studies show associations between family meal frequency and markers of child cardiovascular health including healthful diet quality and lower weight status. Some studies also show the "quality" of family meals, including dietary quality of the food served and the interpersonal atmosphere during meals, is associated with markers of child cardiovascular health. Additionally, prior intervention research indicates that immediate feedback on health behaviors (e.

Measuring Remittances.

Remittances received by households from international migrants are of interest in an increasing number of microeconomic analyses. Making use of novel data, we measure misreporting of remittances sent by migrants in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to remittance recipients in the Philippines. We obtained administrative transaction data from a sample of Filipino migrants who were clients of a popular money transfer operator (MTO).

Coordination-induced bond weakening of water at the surface of an oxygen-deficient polyoxovanadate cluster.

Hydrogen-atom (H-atom) transfer at the surface of heterogeneous metal oxides has received significant attention owing to its relevance in energy conversion and storage processes. Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of an organofunctionalized polyoxovanadate cluster, (calix)VO(OH)(OMe) (calix = 4--butylcalix[4]arene). Through a series of equilibrium studies, we establish the BDFE(O-H) of the aquo ligand as 62.

Exploring the associations between neighbourhood food environment, household food insecurity and child weight-related outcomes in socio-economically and racially/ethnically diverse families.

Objective: To examine associations among neighbourhood food environments (NFE), household food insecurity (HFI) and child's weight-related outcomes in a racially/ethnically diverse sample of US-born and immigrant/refugee families.

Design: This cross-sectional, observational study involving individual and geographic-level data used multilevel models to estimate associations between neighbourhood food environment and child outcomes. Interactions between HFI and NFE were employed to determine whether HFI moderated the association between NFE and child outcomes and whether the associations differed for US-born .

Maternal employment and child weight-related health.

Several studies have documented a link between maternal employment and childhood obesity, but the mechanisms are not clear. This study investigated the association of maternal employment with children's weight status and detailed weight-related behaviors using data from Phase I of Family Matters, a cross-sectional, observational study of 150 children aged 5-8 from six racial/ethnic groups (White, Black, Latinx, Native American, Hmong, and Somali) and their families from the Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN metropolitan area recruited in 2015-2016.

Connecting Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Proton Coupled Electron Transfer at Polyoxovanadate Surfaces Using the Marcus Cross Relation.

Here, we evaluate the efficacy of multiple methods for elucidating the average bond dissociation free energy (BDFE) of two surface hydroxide moieties in a reduced polyoxovanadate cluster, [VO(OH)(TRIOL)]. Through cyclic voltammetry, individual thermochemical parameters describing proton coupled electron transfer (PCET) are obtained, without the need for synthetic isolation of intermediates. Further, we demonstrate that a method involving a series of open circuit potential measurements with varying ratios of reduced to oxidized clusters is most attractive for the direct measurement of BDFE(O-H) for polyoxovanadate clusters as this approach also determines the stoichiometry of PCET.

Exploring associations between social determinants of health and mental health outcomes in families from socioeconomically and racially and ethnically diverse households.

This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) and mental health outcomes of parents and children (n = 1307) from the Latinx, Native American, Somali/Ethiopian, White, Hmong, and African American communities. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the adjusted associations between five parent and child mental health measures and 25 measures of SDOH. False discovery rate q-values were computed to account for multiple comparisons.

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation is Associated with Lower Health Care Spending among Working Age Adults without Dependents.

Prior evidence suggests an association among food insecurity, poor health, and increased health care spending. In this study, we are using a natural experiment to confirm if longer participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is associated with reduced Medicaid spending among a highly impoverished group of adults. In 2013, the mandatory work requirements associated with SNAP benefits were lifted for able-bodied adults without dependents (ABAWDs).

Mechanistic insight into rapid oxygen-atom transfer from a calix-functionalized polyoxovanadate.

We report accelerated rates of oxygen-atom transfer from a polyoxovanadate-alkoxide cluster following functionalization with a 4-butylcalix[4]arene ligand. Incorporation of this electron withdrawing ligand modifies the electronics of the metal oxide core, favoring a mechanism in which the rate of oxygen-atom transfer is limited by outer-sphere electron transfer.

Participant characteristics and dietary correlates of SNAP and other assistance programs among families with children from racially and ethnically diverse households.

The objective of this study was to describe food purchasing behaviors and the home food environment across families simultaneously receiving SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) and other cash and food assistance benefits, and assess how child dietary intake varied across three distinct categories of assistance (i.e., SNAP and other assistance programs, assistance programs other than SNAP, and not enrolled in any assistance program).

Oxygen-Atom Defect Formation in Polyoxovanadate Clusters via Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer.

The uptake of hydrogen atoms (H-atoms) into reducible metal oxides has implications in catalysis and energy storage. However, outside of computational modeling, it is difficult to obtain insight into the physicochemical factors that govern H-atom uptake at the atomic level. Here, we describe oxygen-atom vacancy formation in a series of hexavanadate assemblies via proton-coupled electron transfer, presenting a novel pathway for the formation of defect sites at the surface of redox-active metal oxides.

How time in the US and race/ethnicity shape food parenting practices and child diet quality.

Childhood obesity prevalence is high among children from immigrant/refugee households who live in high-income countries. Poor child dietary intake is a critical risk factor for elevated obesity prevalence and food parenting practices have been found to be associated with child dietary intake and eating behaviors. The main aim of this study was to examine the associations between migrants'/refugees' food parenting practices, the length of residence time in the US, race/ethnicity, and child diet quality.

Ecological Momentary Assessment of Weight-Related Behaviors in the Home Environment of Children From Low-Income and Racially and Ethnically Diverse Households: Development and Usability Study.

Background: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is an innovative tool for capturing in-the-moment health behaviors as people go about their daily lives. EMA is an ideal tool to measure weight-related behaviors, such as parental feeding practices, stress, and dietary intake, as these occur on a daily basis and vary across time and context. A recent systematic review recommended standardized reporting of EMA design for studies that address weight-related behaviors.

Concerted Multiproton-Multielectron Transfer for the Reduction of O to HO with a Polyoxovanadate Cluster.

The concerted transfer of protons and electrons enables the activation of small-molecule substrates by bypassing energetically costly intermediates. Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of several hydrogenated forms of an organofunctionalized vanadium oxide assembly, [VO(TRIOL)], and their ability to facilitate the concerted transfer of protons and electrons to O. Electrochemical analysis reveals that the fully reduced cluster is capable of mediating 2e/2H transfer reactions from surface hydroxide ligands, with an average bond dissociation free energy (BDFE) of 61.

Factors associated with accurate reporting of public and private health insurance type.

Objective: To examine factors associated with accurate reporting of private and public health insurance coverage.

Data Sources: Minnesota health plan enrollment records provided the sample for the Comparing Health Insurance Measurement Error (CHIME) study, a survey conducted in 2015 that randomly assigned enrollees to treatments that included health insurance questions from the American Community Survey (ACS) or the redesigned Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS).

Study Design: Reverse record check study that compared CHIME study survey responses to enrollment records of coverage type (direct purchase on and off the Marketplace, Medicaid, or MinnesotaCare), service use, subsidy receipt, and duration of coverage from a major insurer.